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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions on labor protection when cutting glades (clearing tracks). Full document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation 1. General requirements for labor protection Only males at least 18 years of age who have the appropriate qualifications confirmed by a certificate, who have studied the design features and rules for the safe operation of this mechanism, and who have completed a preliminary medical examination with a permit to work at height, are allowed to work with a gasoline-powered tool. Persons who have passed the test of knowledge on labor protection and fire safety are allowed to work. All newly hired workers for two to six shifts (depending on the nature of the work) must work under the supervision of a foreman or experienced worker. Hand tools (axes, scythes, shovels, scissors, felling forks, etc.) must be fixed, have honed working parts and correctly fitted and strong handles without roughness and cracks. Felling trees is prohibited:
Felling trees without felling devices is prohibited. All workers, specialists involved in felling forests must wear protective helmets. Work without protective helmets is prohibited. During a thunderstorm, working personnel should not be under the crowns of tall trees, near masts and other structures that can be struck by lightning. It is forbidden for people to approach energized and unprotected wires or parts of the contact network at a distance of less than 2 m, as well as touching the electrical equipment of the electric rolling stock, both directly and through any objects. If it is necessary to approach, according to the conditions of work, to energized and not fenced parts of the contact network and overhead lines, as well as related devices, the voltage must be removed and grounding must be established for the entire period of work. It is forbidden to approach closer than 8 m to broken wires of overhead lines and contact network. 2. Labor protection requirements before starting work The foreman who led the team is obliged, before starting work, with each change in the conditions and nature of the work, to conduct a targeted briefing against the signature of the workers, which indicates, in relation to local conditions, all safety measures for the workers. A first aid kit with a set of medicines for providing first aid, medical aid, must always be in the places of work, on tractors and cars. Before going to work, the foreman, the head of the site is obliged to check the serviceability of the tools, machines, mechanisms and necessary devices, the availability and condition of overalls and personal protective equipment, conduct a briefing on labor protection, familiarize the workers with the route of safe passage to the place of work and back. Before the start of the shift, the foreman examines the upcoming work area. In places where the underground cable passes and dangerous bridges (stumps, large stones, pits, cliffs), milestone signs of such a height are installed so that they are visible. Plantations in which trees are felled manually or by tractor units (pendulum saw), as well as shrubs are cut with a tractor disk brush cutter, are a dangerous zone. The place for felling trees and cutting shrubs is fenced at a distance of 50 m with a portable standard prohibition sign with the inscription "Danger zone. Passage is FORBIDDEN." Work on thinning and sanitary felling of forests, including felling trees, must be carried out in accordance with the approved technological map. After getting acquainted with it, the team is given a diagram of the cutting area being developed, which indicates the order of execution: work, danger zones, arrangement of mechanisms and equipment, technological elements of the cutting area, safety equipment. The feller of the forest, his assistant and other members of the team must follow the established technology and this instruction on labor protection, before starting work, make sure of their knowledge, clarify any unclear questions with the foreman and not deviate from the established technology without the knowledge of the foreman. Do not start felling trees without] confidence that there are no dangerous trees and other dangerous factors in the cutting area, which can lead to injury or an accident. If you find any malfunctions of the chainsaw and it is impossible to fix them on your own, inform the master. Do not start working with faulty: saw, equipment, mechanisms, hand tools. Prior to the felling of a tree, a workplace must be prepared:
In winter, snow is removed around the tree and escape routes, after it is trampled down, a layer no more than 0,2 m thick is left on the ring and 0,3 m on the paths. In addition to shrubs, other obstacles that interfere with the felling of trees are removed. Before starting work, make sure that there are no unauthorized persons and equipment in the cutting area, and that hazardous areas are fenced off. 3. Labor protection requirements during work When performing work, it is necessary to use appropriate overalls, safety shoes, and other PPE (assembly belt, protective helmet, gloves or gloves, goggles or protective shield, noise protection equipment). The foreman (head of the site) is obliged to warn all members of the team before starting work about the danger of falling trees, ropes, etc. approaching the power lines. If it is necessary to approach, according to the conditions of the work - cutting trees - to the unprotected parts of the COP and VL, which are under voltage, at a distance of less than 2 m, the contact network, overhead power line and devices connected to them must be de-energized and grounded for the entire period of work. To do this, the manager (head of the section, foreman; is obliged to give a written application to the head of the power supply distance and the senior energy dispatcher about the need to ensure the production of work near the devices of the contact network or overhead power line, indicating the exact location, start, duration and content of the work, as well as inform about this to the head of the relevant ECHK or EChS. For scheduled work, such an application is submitted at least XNUMX hours in advance. The head of the EChS (EChS), on the basis of the application of the head of work of PChL-1, appoints by order from among the employees who are part of the EChS (EChS), responsible for electrical safety in the part of the CS and VL (hereinafter responsible) whose name is reported in advance to the energy dispatcher and the work manager of PChL-1. Responsible ECHK (EPS) supervises the compliance of employees with electrical safety requirements. Its requirements on electrical safety are mandatory for the supervisor to perform. Works related to signaling devices are carried out with the participation of a signaling electrician whose requirements are mandatory for the work manager. Upon arrival at the work site, the responsible EChK (ES) contacts the energy dispatcher, receives a verbal order from him (via the established means of communication), allowing the work to be carried out, and performs grounding along the entire front determined by the work foreman. In the absence of communication between the responsible ECHK (ESHS) and the energy dispatcher, work does not start. In case of violation after the start of work, the connection between the responsible ECHK (ES) and the energy dispatcher, the work is stopped until the connection is restored. After installing the grounding, the responsible EChK (ES) gives the work manager a written permission to work in the form, according to the appendix (permit form attached to this manual), on the possibility of starting work, indicating the number of the order of the energy dispatcher, the start and end time of work. A copy of the permit remains with the responsible person. It is strictly forbidden to start work under power lines without a representative of the power supply distance! It is forbidden to touch the broken wires of the COP and VL and objects that touch them. The distance from the extreme wires of the overhead line to the crown of trees in parks, forest plantations should be at least: 2 m for overhead lines with a voltage of up to 20 kV, 3 m for an overhead line with a voltage of 35-110 kV, 4 m - for an overhead line with a voltage of 150-200 kV. Responsible for the general state of labor protection is the person who leads the team of these workers and is constantly at the workplace. The distance between individual groups of workers engaged in felling trees must be at least 50 m. Climbing onto supports, approaching or touching trees, ropes, etc. is not allowed. with VL wires. In order to avoid an unexpected fall of trees, first of all, it is necessary to dump rotten, burnt and fragile trees. Felling of trees should be carried out after sawing or cutting, the depth of which in upright trees is at least a quarter of the thickness of the butt. A notch or undercut is performed from the side where the tree is to be felled. The lower plane of the notch or undercut should be perpendicular to the axis of the tree, and its upper side should form an angle of 35 - 400 with the lower plane. The cutting plane must be higher than the bottom plane of the undercut. The saw cut of a tree should be performed from the side opposite to the undercut or undercut. The saw cut should not reach the edge of the cut for healthy trees by 2-3 cm, for dead and rotten trees - by 4-5 cm. It is prohibited to fell trees without a cut or cut. It is forbidden to make through. sawed wood. Inclined trees should be felled in the direction of their slope. If, after the end of the cut, the tree begins to fall, it is necessary to resort to forced felling, for example, to drive a wedge into the cut. Before felling rotten and dead trees, one should test their strength with a pole and make a notch instead of a cut. In the event of a tree falling onto the wires, it is forbidden to approach the tree at a distance of less than 8 m until the voltage is removed from the overhead line. The feller must warn other workers about the upcoming fall of the felled tree. Standing on the side of the fall of the tree and on the opposite side is prohibited. In order to prevent trees from falling on the wires, guys should be applied in the direction opposite to the wires. Guys should be installed before cutting the tree. Guys must be secured to a tree or other stable object. 4. Labor protection requirements at the end of work Upon completion of work, the work manager is obliged to check that all people are removed from parts of the COP at a distance of more than 2 m, and then mark the time of completion of work on a copy of the written permission (in the "Notification" section) held by the responsible EChK. The responsible ECHK, having personally made sure that all people are at a safe distance, removes the ground rods and notifies the energy dispatcher about this. After removing the grounding rods, the COP is considered energized and it is forbidden to approach it. After work, copies of the "Permission" and "Notice" are stored in the ECHK for a month. Any work on the wires crossing the CS is prohibited without removing the voltage from the CS and grounding it. All work on the COP, overhead lines and related devices during a thunderstorm, as well as when it approaches, is prohibited. In electrified areas of direct and alternating current, cutting down trees located at a distance of 2 to 10 meters from live parts of the CS and VL can be carried out without de-energizing and grounding the CS and VL under the supervision of a specially appointed representative of the power supply distance. It is forbidden to leave a felled or sawn tree unfelled during a break in work or when moving to other trees. It is forbidden for PSL employees to cut down trees and shrubs and mow poles and electric masts within a radius of 1 meter from the edge of the pole. 5. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations In the event of a fire, immediately inform the fire department by calling _______. Regardless of the call to the fire brigade, in the event of a fire, measures must be taken to extinguish the fire. Extinguishing of burning objects located at a distance of less than 2 m from the CS is allowed to be carried out only after preliminary de-energization and grounding of the CS in the prescribed manner, upon receipt of a written permit from the responsible EChK, EChS to carry out fire extinguishing. Extinguishing burning objects located at a distance of more than 7 m from the COP, which is energized, can be allowed without removing the voltage. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the jet of water or foam does not approach at a distance of less than 2 m from the CS and other parts under voltage. See other articles Section Occupational Safety and Health
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