LED implants control brain functions. Free Technical Library News

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Implant LEDs Control Brain Functions

21.04.2013

Scientists at St. Louis University and the University of Illinois have developed microscopic LEDs thinner than a human hair.

These LEDs can be implanted anywhere on the body using a standard thin medical needle. The essence of the experiment is as follows: first, genetic engineers modified mice using optogenetics technology, that is, they “taught” brain neurons to turn on and off according to a light signal created by a tiny LED. Then, an LED was implanted closer to these neurons. Turning on the LED activates the neurons, and turning it off, on the contrary, deactivates them. In this way, specific brain functions can be controlled.

With the help of a miniature LED and optogenetics, scientists were able to control the reward system: due to the inclusion of certain neurons, dopamine was released, causing a feeling of satisfaction.

The researchers believe that LED implants, which are made on the basis of printed electronics, will be useful in other neurological studies. Today, similar devices are already used to stimulate peripheral nerves, which reduces or completely disables pain. True, until now it was necessary to use thin optical fibers and laser emitters, which limited the possibilities of optogenetics.

Wireless LED implants offer much more flexibility. Moreover, devices with LEDs of several colors are able to activate and control several neural circuits at the same time. In addition to LEDs, tiny sensors can be added to the implants to take readings of temperature and electrical activity in the brain. The new LED technology is arguably one of the most important advances in neuroscience. It will help you better understand what happens to the brain as a result of disorders such as stress, depression and anxiety. In addition, the control of neural networks can effectively treat these conditions, relieve pain and fear.

Pessimists also have a topic for discussion: such a powerful artificial incentive mechanism can turn anyone into a slave, because today the feeling of satisfaction is realized by much more complex things, such as relationships, purchases, domestic comfort, career, power, creative achievements, etc. In a society of "chip" people, such "difficulties" are not needed.

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