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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instruction on labor protection for a laboratory assistant of an analytical laboratory
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation 1. General requirements for labor protection 1.1. This instruction provides for the basic requirements for labor protection for a laboratory assistant in an analytical laboratory when conducting laboratory work in organizations. 1.2. A laboratory assistant in an analytical laboratory performing work on chemical analysis may be exposed to the following dangerous and harmful factors: poisoning, thermal and chemical burns, electric shock. 1.3. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, theoretical and practical training, tested knowledge on labor protection in the prescribed manner and received permission to work independently are allowed to work on chemical analysis. 1.4. The laboratory assistant of the analytical laboratory is provided with overalls and personal protective equipment (cotton gown, rubberized apron with a bib, rubber gloves, goggles). 1.5. The premises of analytical laboratories must be equipped with forced supply and exhaust ventilation and local ventilation (draught) from laboratory cabinets and other sources of gas emission. 1.6. In the premises of analytical laboratories, where work is carried out with especially harmful and toxic substances, the ventilation system is carried out individually, not connected with the ventilation of other premises. 2. Labor protection requirements before starting work 2.1. Put on the protective clothing provided for by the relevant standards and prepare personal protective equipment. Check the presence of degassing agents and primary fire extinguishing agents. 2.3. Check the serviceability of ventilation equipment, electrical equipment, turn on ventilation. 2.4. Prepare instruments and laboratory equipment for work, make sure that they are in good working order. It is not allowed to use faulty instruments and laboratory equipment. 3. Labor protection requirements during work 3.1. Analytical laboratories should be kept clean and tidy. It is not allowed to clutter up corridors and entrances (exits) with any objects, materials, equipment. 3.2. All work related to the release of toxic or flammable vapors and gases should be carried out in fume hoods with local ventilation switched on. 3.3. It is not allowed to use fume hoods with broken glass or with faulty ventilation, as well as clutter fume hoods with utensils, cutlery and laboratory equipment not related to the work being performed. 3.4. Samples of petroleum products, flammable solvents, reagents should be stored in a special room located outside the analytical laboratory, equipped with exhaust ventilation and complying with fire safety regulations. 3.5. In the analytical laboratory, it is allowed to store oil products and reagents necessary for work in quantities not exceeding the daily requirement. 3.6. With the permission of the head of the analytical laboratory, it is allowed to store fuming acids, volatile reagents and solvents in fume hoods, while conducting analyzes in these cabinets is not allowed. If the laboratory has one fume hood, then the above reagents are stored in a specially designated room. 3.7. Samples and reagents should only be stored in sealed containers. It is not allowed to store flammable liquids in thin-walled glassware. Each container containing a chemical must be labeled with the name of the product. 3.8. Petroleum products, as well as flammable liquids, must be dehydrated prior to analysis requiring heating to avoid foaming and splashing. Heating and boiling of flammable liquids in the analytical laboratory is allowed only in a water bath or on a closed-type electric stove. It is not allowed to heat flammable liquids on an open fire, as well as on open electric stoves. 3.9. During work related to heating and subsequent condensation and cooling of vapors of petroleum products (distillation, determination of water content, etc.), it is necessary to first regulate the flow of water passing through the refrigerator, and only then turn on the electric heaters. 3.10. When distilling oil products, it is necessary to ensure that the receiving vessel is continuously cooled with water. In the event of a sudden interruption of the water supply, the heating of the product must be stopped. 3.11. The heating of the oil product should be carried out only in the presence of a laboratory assistant. Even before the laboratory assistant leaves for a short time, the heating source should be turned off. 3.12. Tanks, bottles and other containers for storing aggressive liquids should not be left even temporarily on work tables, in aisles and common areas. 3.13. Containers with aggressive liquids should be carried together using mechanized devices, on special stretchers, in baskets with a double bottom. 3.14. When transfusing and portioning aggressive liquids, use special safe funnels with curved edges and air outlet tubes. In the event of spillage, the liquid must be neutralized and the spill area thoroughly rinsed with water. 3.15. The place for pouring and dilution of acids and alkalis, as well as the places for their use, should be equipped with local exhaust ventilation, provided with clean rags and towels, a water hydrant with a rubber hose for washing hands and a fountain for washing eyes. 3.16. When working with acids and alkalis, rubber gloves and goggles should be worn. 3.17. Spilled acid should be covered with fine sand. Remove acid-soaked sand with a wooden spatula and cover this place with soda or lime, then rinse with water and wipe dry. 3.18. Grinding of caustic and toxic substances is carried out in closed mortars under draft in goggles and rubber gloves. A strict record of all toxic substances must be kept. Their issuance without the permission of the head of the analytical laboratory is not allowed. 3.19. The remains of oil products after analysis, spent reagents and toxic substances must be drained into a special metal container and transferred for regeneration or destruction. These liquids must not be discharged into the domestic sewer. 3.20. It is not allowed to drain the remains of alkali, acid and water into one vessel. 3.21. Laboratory glassware should be washed in a special washing room, separated from other working rooms of the laboratory by a blind fireproof partition and having an independent exit. The washing room must be equipped with independent supply and exhaust ventilation and exhaust ventilation from the place of washing dishes. 3.22. When transferring glass flasks with liquid, they must be held with two hands - one at the bottom, and the other at the neck. 3.23. When breaking glass tubes and sticks, as well as when putting rubber tubes on them, wrap them with a cloth (towel). The uneven and sharp ends of glass tubes and sticks should be melted and moistened with water or glycerin before putting rubber tubes on them. 3.24. In a room where work is carried out with toxic and aggressive substances, storage and eating are not allowed. Do not use laboratory glassware for personal use. 3.25. Wash hands with warm soapy water and dry with a towel. It is forbidden to wash hands with oil products. 3.26. The following is not allowed in the laboratory:
4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations 4.1. If gasoline, ether or other flammable liquids are spilled, extinguish the burners, close the general gas valve, turn off the electric heaters, and remove the spilled product. In the event of a fire, it is necessary to turn off the ventilation, report the incident to the fire brigade and the immediate supervisor, and start extinguishing the fire with primary fire extinguishing equipment. 4.2. If a smell of gas is detected, it is necessary to close the general shut-off valve on the gas network, ventilate the room and take measures to eliminate the detected malfunctions. Leaks in the valves of the cylinder or reducer are determined by wetting them with an aqueous solution of soap. It is not allowed to light heating and lighting devices until the room is completely ventilated and the malfunctions are eliminated. 4.3. In case of an accident, it is necessary to provide first aid to the victim, call an ambulance or send the victim to a medical institution, inform the administration of the organization. The laboratory assistant of the analytical laboratory needs to have a good knowledge of first aid and self-help techniques (before assistance is provided by a medical worker). 5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work 5.1. Turn off electrical heaters and burners. 5.2. Close water and gas taps and valves. 5.3. Close jars with reagents, flammable substances. 5.4. Remove arbitration samples from the analytical laboratory to their storage locations. 5.5. Wash dishes, laboratory equipment and put in storage. 5.6. Wash with water and wipe down the worktop and floor. 5.7. Turn off ventilation. 5.8. Oiled rags, sawdust and other similar materials placed in closed metal boxes should be taken outside the analytical laboratory to a specially designated place. 5.9. Change clothes, wash face and hands thoroughly with warm water and soap, and take a shower.
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