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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions for labor protection when working with mineral fertilizers and pesticides
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation 1. General safety requirements 1.1. Persons over 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, as well as introductory and initial workplace safety briefings are allowed to work with mineral fertilizers and pesticides. 1.2. Persons who constantly work with mineral fertilizers and pesticides are subject to periodic medical examinations (once a year) with a note to this effect in the certificate, journal or work permit card. 1.3. Persons under 18 years of age, pregnant and lactating women, as well as persons with medical contraindications are not allowed to work with mineral fertilizers and pesticides. 1.4. Persons working with mineral fertilizers and pesticides must undergo repeated training in the workplace on labor protection at least once every three months. 1.5. Every worker involved in warehouse or transport operations with mineral fertilizers and pesticides must know their basic properties and how to handle them. 1.6. Persons admitted to work must perform only the work that is entrusted by the administration of the enterprise. 1.7. When performing the assigned work, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the accepted cargo processing technology. 1.8. All manual and mechanized work with mineral fertilizers and pesticides must be carried out under the supervision of a responsible person. 1.9. If any questions arise during the work related to its safe performance, you must immediately contact the person responsible for the safe performance of work. 1.10. If it is impossible to perform the previous work for health reasons in accordance with medical reports, you must inform the administration of the enterprise about this. 1.11. In the process of working with mineral fertilizers and pesticides, a worker may be exposed to the following dangerous and harmful factors: the movement of machines and mechanisms, transported and stored goods, microclimate, the toxic effects of mineral fertilizers and pesticides. 1.12. Those working with mineral fertilizers and pesticides must be provided with special clothing and personal protective equipment: with dusty, loose and solid mineral fertilizers and pesticides:
with liquid pesticides:
1.13. During the entire work shift, you should observe the correct diet, work and rest. 1.14. Resting and smoking is allowed only in specially designated areas. 1.15. In the event of an accident, you should immediately stop working, notify the administration and seek medical help. 1.16. In the event of an accident with another worker, first aid should be provided and sent to a medical facility. 1.17. Persons who do not comply with the requirements set out in this Instruction are subject to administrative and criminal liability in the manner prescribed by law. 2. Safety requirements before starting work 2.1. Put on work clothes. If working conditions require the use of personal protective equipment and safety devices, check their completeness and serviceability. 2.2. Inspect the work area, remove from it everything that may interfere with work, clear the passages and do not block them. 2.3. Before using a mechanism or device, you must ensure that it is in good working order and, when working with electrical equipment, that the protective grounding is reliable. 3. Safety requirements during work 3.1. When processing mineral fertilizers and pesticides, it is necessary to comply with safety requirements, taking into account the aggressiveness, toxicity, and explosiveness of a particular cargo. 3.2. Transportation of fertilizers and pesticides must be carried out in covered vehicles, and the safety requirements established for a particular type of transport must be observed. 3.3. To transport mineral fertilizers, special railway cars of three types are used: hopper car (cement car) - for transporting dusty and granular fertilizers; hopper car (mineral carrier) - for transportation of granular and crystalline fertilizers; tank car - for transporting finely ground fertilizers (lime, phosphate rock). 3.4. Before loading (unloading) mineral fertilizers and pesticides, you must ensure that there are labeling data, an accompanying document certifying the type of product, and warning notices on the packaging. If a container is found to be defective, does not comply with the accompanying documents, or lacks markings and warning notices, you should notify the person responsible for the safe performance of the work without starting loading and unloading operations. 3.5. When carrying out loading and unloading operations, wagons must be securely secured with hand brakes or brake shoes, and brake hoses must be suspended or connected. 3.6. When unloading unpackaged mineral fertilizers that arrived in a wagon, to reduce dust accumulation in windy weather, it is necessary to use protective devices made of plywood, tarpaulin, etc. 3.7. Unloading of pulverized fertilizers that arrived in specialized cars with bottom unloading should be carried out into special under-rail receiving devices. 3.8. To improve the flow of mineral fertilizers through the bottom hatches, vibrators should be installed in special sockets provided for in the car design. In this case, it is not allowed to: loosen compacted mineral fertilizers through loading and bottom unloading hatches; hit the walls of carriages with a crowbar, sledgehammer and other heavy objects. 3.9. Before loading cement and mineral wagons, in order to avoid the formation of a vacuum in the body of the wagons, it is necessary to open one of the unloading hatches on the roof. Opening the unloading hatches while the loading hatches are closed is prohibited. 3.10. It is forbidden to be inside the wagon during its unloading. 3.11. Before each opening and closing of the car unloading hatch covers, it is necessary to give warning signals and make sure that there are no people near the car. During unloading, it is prohibited to stand under the cars and on the transition area. 3.12. Cleaning of specialized cars should be done only after turning off the augers or conveyors of the receiving device. The loader cleaning the car must be secured by a second loader using a safety rope. 3.13. When unloading a tank car, unloading the tank is prohibited in the following cases:
3.14. Warming up frozen condensate is permitted only with hot water or steam from the outside of the pipelines. Heating with an open flame, as well as creating a vacuum in the boiler by any means is prohibited. 3.15. Loaded tanks that have faults that cannot be eliminated without removing the product from the boiler must be freed from the load manually or using vacuum suction with the hatches open. 3.16. When dismantling a stack (in a wagon, warehouse), the bags must be taken carefully, starting from the top row; do not pull out individual ones located in the bottom row of the stack, as this may disrupt the stability of the stack and cause the top bags to fall. 3.17. When unloading packaged fertilizers, before removing the bags from the top of the stack, you must first make sure that the bags lying nearby are in a stable position. 3.18. Bags of fertilizers must be placed on flat pallets in a tee (tied together) and distributed evenly over the pallet so that each of them does not protrude beyond the edge of the pallet by more than 5 cm. Laying mineral fertilizers and pesticides on a pallet in damaged containers is not allowed. 3.19. Pesticides must be transported in the presence of a responsible person located in the vehicle cabin. Pesticides are allowed for transportation if they are packaged in solid factory containers with labels or in special containers in which the pesticide was placed when it was released from the warehouse. It is prohibited to transport pesticides in bulk or in damaged containers. 3.20. The person responsible for the transportation of pesticides must monitor the condition of the containers in which the pesticides are packaged along the route, have spare containers, tools and materials to eliminate damage to the containers en route. 3.21. Before loading and unloading by mechanized means, pesticides packed in barrels, flasks, drums, cans, boxes and bags must be placed on flat pallets. 3.22. Loading (unloading) of metal barrels and drums with pesticides should be done on inclined ladders, decks or walkways. It is not allowed to place barrels with their caps facing down. 3.23. If a leak is detected in barrels or drums with pesticides, they are removed, and spill sites are neutralized with a bleach solution. 3.24. Transport intended for the transportation of pesticides and mineral fertilizers must be in good working order and easy to clean. It is prohibited to transport food products and other cargo, as well as passengers, together with pesticides. 3.25. Vehicles after transporting pesticides and mineral fertilizers must be thoroughly cleaned and rendered harmless. 3.26. Transport intended for the transportation of pesticides must be provided with fire extinguishers (carbon dioxide-bromoethyl), and persons accompanying the cargo with gas masks. 3.27. Transportation of flammable pesticides (dichloroethane, methyl bromide, chlorine mixture, etc.) should be carried out in vehicles with a metal body. 3.28. Fertilizers packed in bags are stored on pallets in stacks of 3-4 tiers, and without pallets - in 10-12 rows. 3.29. It is not allowed to store fertilizers in aisles, driveways, or near conductive fittings. 3.30. Pesticides packaged in barrels, metal drums with a capacity of more than 50 liters and boxes are stored in stacks on flat pallets. 3.31. Stack storage of pesticides packaged in small and soft containers is carried out in lattice rack-mount pallets, and rack storage is in bagged form. The number of tiers for rack storage of drugs with a high degree of toxicity and fire hazard should not exceed four. 3.32. Unpackaged powdered fertilizers are stored in silos or barn-type storage facilities. Storage of fertilizers in open areas is not allowed. 3.33. Each silo must have a safety valve and a tightly closing hatch. The loading openings of containers must be equipped with protective grilles. 3.34. Platforms and galleries installed above silo tanks must be fenced with railings 120-150 cm high. A removable metal ladder must be installed inside the silo tank. 3.35. In piles of bulk materials, undermining, canopies and canopies must not be allowed; it is not allowed to work near the sheer top of the overhanging canopy of the pile. It is not allowed to stand or walk on the surface of the pile. 3.36. Fertilizers and pesticides transported in bulk must be stored in tanks equipped with a full set of equipment and fittings that ensure tightness and safe operation (breathing valve, gas connection, level gauge, etc.). To reduce heating from the sun's rays, tanks should be painted on the outside with reflective paints. 3.37. The presence of maintenance personnel in the warehouse of fertilizers and pesticides is permitted only during acceptance, release and intra-warehouse work. The rest of the time the warehouse must be closed. 4. Safety requirements in emergency situations 4.1. If in the process of working with mineral fertilizers or pesticides a violation of the protective properties of personal respiratory protection occurs, you should stop work, stop the equipment and leave the chemical work area. 4.2. In the event of a fire, you should call the fire brigade, inform the work manager and take measures to eliminate the source of fire. 4.3. If mineral fertilizers get into your eyes, you must immediately rinse them with a 1% solution of boric acid, a stream of clean water, or wipe them with a damp cotton (gauze) swab. After washing the eyes, apply a bandage and send the victim to a doctor. 4.4. If signs of poisoning appear (headache, tinnitus, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, loss of consciousness), the victim should immediately be taken to fresh air and given oxygen for breathing. If breathing is weak or stops, perform artificial respiration until a doctor arrives or until breathing is restored. 4.5. Actions in case of poisoning:
4.6. If the victim’s breathing is weak, bring ammonia to the nose; if breathing stops, perform artificial respiration. 4.7. In all cases of pesticide poisoning, it is necessary to take the patient to a medical facility or call an ambulance. 5. Safety requirements at the end of work 5.1. Tidy up the workplace. 5.2. Collect spilled pesticides in hermetically sealed containers. All workplace areas contaminated with pesticides must be rendered harmless. 5.3. Clean the tools and accessories and place them in the designated place. 5.4. Remove protective clothing and personal protective equipment, thoroughly clean and render them harmless. 5.5. Wash your face and hands with warm soapy water, rinse your mouth, and take a shower.
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