Instructions on labor protection when preparing cutting areas for felling

Free technical library

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Free library / Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

Instructions on labor protection when preparing cutting areas for felling

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

Comments on the article

Safe Operation

1. General safety requirements

The section is set out independently on the basis of the Standard Instruction "General safety requirements for professions and types of work performed in the field" TOI R-07-001-98, taking into account the specifics of a particular forestry enterprise.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. The preparation of cutting areas for felling should be carried out by trained teams (links), subordinate to the master of preparatory work or directly to the forester, his assistant, during the snow-free period or when the snow depth is not more than 30 cm.

2.2. The work must be carried out by highly qualified fellers and loggers. They must have gasoline-powered saws, portable winches, ropes, felling forks, and axes (hydro wedges are not used). When working in particularly difficult areas with a large number of dangerous trees, the preparatory team (team) is assigned a tractor. Before starting work, preparatory teams (units) must undergo targeted training (for work with increased danger) based on this Instruction.

2.3. Check the serviceability, completeness and put on overalls, shoes and personal protective equipment. Check that the first aid kit is complete and that there is drinking water. If necessary, wear an anti-encephalitis suit or use repellents.

2.4. To prepare cutting areas for clear or selective felling, a technological map is drawn up taking into account the increased safety requirements for logging operations and the specifics of preparing a specific cutting area. The foreman introduces the team (link) to the approved technological map, and a diagram of the preparatory work map is given to the foreman. Before starting work, the team (link) and the foreman clarify the procedure for performing the work, hazardous areas and other safety requirements.

2.5. Before starting work, the cutting area is checked (presence of dangerous trees). The preparatory team (link), when passing along the sights, is careful.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. The removal of dangerous trees should be carried out before the development of cutting areas (during its preparation). Removing rotten and dead trees involves planting them. Trees are felled in empty spaces or in spaces between trees.

3.2. Before felling, each tree should be inspected without going under the crown, paying attention to the location of rot, dry and hanging tops and branches, the tilt of the tree, and also check its stability with a felling fork. Then you need to choose the direction of felling the tree so as to prevent it from hanging.

To avoid falling hanging branches and tops when felling a tree, they must be removed with a felling fork or pole from the opposite side of the tree. If it is impossible to land the hanging branches or tops with a fork or pole, then the trees are felled, taking great care; when cutting, the feller and the logger are located on the opposite side in relation to the hanging branches.

3.3. Of two or more dangerous trees located in the neighborhood, those that pose the greatest danger are cut down first. Pruning of branches and bucking of fallen dangerous trees is carried out during forest felling. Felling of “sloughed” trees is carried out in the same way as free-standing trees.

3.4. Harvesting of windfall and windbreak trees hanging on other trees should be carried out according to the rules for the development of windbreak and windfall cutting areas.

3.5. Hanging trees should be removed with a tractor, winch or horse-drawn from a distance of at least 35 m. To remove a hanging tree, a rope or cord is secured to the butt part and, depending on the specific conditions, pulled at an angle or along the axis of the hanging tree. Hanging trees can also be removed: using levers (anshpugami) - moving the butt of the tree away from you; collar - securing one end of a rope (branch) to the butt of a hanging tree and winding the other with a lever onto the trunk of a growing tree from a distance of at least 5 m from the end of the hanging tree; rotating a suspended tree around its axis.

3.6. Not allowed:

cut down the tree on which the hanging tree rests, or cut off the branches on which it rests;
sawing blocks from the butt of a hung tree;
cut the roots or stump of a hung tree;
remove a hanging tree with a tractor at the same time as picking up a bunch of trees or sticks;
remove a hung tree with a gripper or skidder manipulator;
use a hydraulic wedge for felling dangerous trees.

3.7. Marking main and bee trails is a responsible operation that requires skills and knowledge from the foreman and team members. Individual trees that pose a danger during marking are removed, but the bulk of dead, hanging and other dangerous trees are removed after marking the skids. This contributes to better quality work.

3.8. When marking, the direction of the drag is indicated by notches on the trees. The marking of diagonally located main tracks starts from the loading point. The direction of the portages is set using a compass by the forest foreman or foreman. After marking the main drags, bee trails are marked. The direction of the first drag is set along the logging trail; subsequent apiary drags are marked at a distance of the width of the apiary parallel to the first. Then, at an angle of 90 degrees to the previously marked bee trails, the direction of the trails is set from the place where they intersect with the main trail. The same sequence of markings is used when developing cutting areas with parallel logging paths. When cutting with an ax, a safe distance of at least 5 m is maintained.

3.9. It is advisable to carry out marking by a team consisting of 4-5 workers. In this case, the workers, maintaining a distance equal to the width of the apiary, move starting from the main drag into the depths of the cutting area, making notches on the trees. The dies are planned in accordance with the technological map.

If at the same time features of the cutting area are revealed (microrelief, slope of trees, etc.) that were not noticed in advance during the inspection, then it is allowed to make appropriate changes to the technological map, which is done by the forester.

3.10. The preparation of cutting areas and timber loading points can be carried out by integrated teams themselves before felling begins.

3.11. First of all, the site for loading equipment is cut down and storage areas are installed. Throughout the entire area designated for the timber loading point, trees are felled and stumps are cut down flush with the ground. Fallen trees are cleared of branches and partially used for the construction of loading booms, overpasses, and stacking areas (slopes, stacking racks). The remaining logs are stacked for subsequent shipment. The territory of the loading point is cleared of dead wood, bushes, boulders and graded (holes are filled in, hummocks are cut off, etc.). A timber loading point is arranged depending on the loading method and loading mechanisms.

3.12. Before the relocation of logging crews to a new cutting area, within a radius of 10 m from the designed boundaries of timber loading points, mobile power plants, winches, heating rooms, canteens, etc. All trees must be removed, and dangerous trees within a radius of 50 m.

3.13. The place for placing the equipment necessary for arranging the workshop area is chosen by the foreman and the foreman according to the technological map. The site should be as dry and level as possible. Places for parking tractors, storing fuel and lubricants, preventive maintenance of machines, heating rooms and canteens are organized in accordance with fire safety requirements.

3.14. After transporting heating houses, when removing them from the tractor shield, it is necessary to maintain a safe zone with a radius equal to one and a half length of the house; the house is installed no closer than 10 m from the logging truck.

3.15. In areas where tractors and cars are parked, stumps must be cut flush with the ground. All logging residues and other flammable materials should be removed around the site at a distance of 20 m. During the fire hazard period, the parking area is bordered by a mineralized strip no less than 2 m wide. Containers with fuels and lubricants are removed from the equipment according to fire safety rules at a distance of at least 50 m.

3.16. The readiness of cutting areas for development is checked by a commission consisting of a foreman, a foreman, whose team will carry out the felling of the forest. The readiness of the cutting area for felling is documented, and special attention is paid to the quality of removal of dangerous trees.

The prepared cutting area is accepted by the foreman, whose teams will develop it, which is noted in the technological map.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. The victim or eyewitness must notify the foreman or the appropriate work manager about each accident after providing the victim with pre-medical assistance.

4.2. Preparatory work must be stopped during heavy rain, thunderstorms, heavy snowfall and thick fog (visibility less than 50 m), wind speeds exceeding 8,5 m/s (5 points) in mountain cutting areas and 11 m/s in flat areas.

4.3. During a thunderstorm, metal objects and mechanisms are located away from people, and people, if possible, should take shelter indoors or take a safe place in a clearing, a plot of young animals, in small folds of terrain on a hillside, between trees growing at a distance of 20-25 m from each other.

During a thunderstorm, it is prohibited to hide under trees, lean against their trunks, be under wires and near power line supports, come closer than 10 m to free-standing trees, towers, poles, lightning rods, tall stones and other objects, be at the top of a hill, as well as near power lines.

4.4. If a fire is detected, begin extinguishing it using available means, maintaining safety. Report the fire to the foreman, the forestry department, or the forestry department; in case of any threat to life, leave the danger zone. If necessary, call the fire department.

4.5. Each worker must be able to provide first aid, which is provided immediately, directly on the spot. After first aid is provided, the victim should be taken to the nearest medical facility, and the situation of the incident should be preserved if possible.

The immediate supervisor of the work (other official) must be informed about all emergency situations.

5. Safety requirements at the end of work

5.1. Workers are required to collect tools and accessories, clean them of dirt and place them for storage in a place designated for this purpose.

5.2. Remove, organize and store protective clothing, shoes and safety equipment. Make sure there are no encephalitis ticks on the body; if present, remove them. Perform hygiene procedures.

5.3. It is necessary to report any malfunctions identified during work to the work manager and enter them in the log of administrative and public control for labor protection.

5.4. Put out the fires and sprinkle them with soil.

We recommend interesting articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection:

▪ Telephony electrician for maintenance of coordinate exchanges. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ Pilotoch, sawmill, knife sharpener. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ Work on sheet rotary presses. Standard instruction on labor protection

See other articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive

More than 10 thousand scientific articles retracted 31.12.2023

In 2023, it became clear that the problem of fake scientific articles was growing in scale. More than ten thousand publications were retracted, mostly from journals owned by Hindawi, the London subsidiary of Wiley. This is likely a result of the common practice of publishing bogus research. Over the past two decades, the most frequently retracted articles were those whose authors came from Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Russia, China and Egypt.

Every year, millions of scientific articles appear in peer-reviewed journals, but sometimes they are retracted for various reasons. An example of this situation is the story of the American physicist Ranga Dias, who in March announced superconductivity at room temperature and high pressure, but the paper had to be retracted eight months later due to difficulties in repeating the results.

Some studies are bogus from the start, creating "paper mills" - organizations that produce and sell bogus papers. Scientists often need publications to gain rankings, grants, and citations, and buying bogus papers seems easier than conducting real research. A Nature analysis found that about 1,5-2% of all papers published in 2022 appear to be fake, and in the biological and medical fields this proportion reaches three percent.

In 2023, the number of retracted articles increased sharply, reaching more than ten thousand. Most of them belong to Hindawi magazine, which has previously been involved in scandals over "paper mills". Wiley, the publisher's owner, said it would stop using the Hindawi trademark and implement strict measures to verify the identity of editors and monitor manuscripts. These actions are aimed at eliminating fake articles from the publication process. However, fake Hindawi articles, despite reviews, received a significant number of citations, indicating the difficulty of combating this problem.

Analysis of the Retraction Watch database shows that the total number of retracted articles has exceeded 50 thousand, and this figure continues to grow faster than the number of new publications. Countries leading in the number of retracted articles include Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Russia, China and Egypt. Approximately a quarter of the retracted articles were from scientific conferences.

The problem of fake scientific articles remains relevant and requires urgent measures to tighten control over publications. Improving the process of verifying the authenticity of results and supporting initiatives aimed at detecting paper mills are necessary to maintain the trust of the scientific community and preserve the value of scientific publications.

Other interesting news:

▪ Three years under the gaze of TV cameras

▪ Antibiotics speed up bacterial growth

▪ Alternative energy has fallen sharply

▪ Camcorder recording voice without microphone

▪ There are already 38 thousand applications in the Android Market

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ site section Parameters of radio components. Article selection

▪ Biant's article. Famous aphorisms

▪ article Why can't the magnitude of an earthquake be measured in points? Detailed answer

▪ article Bird cherry racemosus. Legends, cultivation, methods of application

▪ stepper motor controller. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Sticky stick. Focus Secret

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews