Instructions on labor protection for a seamstress (minder seamstress, hand seamstress) when working on machines or manually

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions on labor protection for seamstresses (minder seamstresses, hand seamstresses) when working on machines or manually. Full Document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. Working on sewing machines is one of the most dangerous in the sewing industry due to the high speeds of the machine's electric motor, the hidden danger of electric shock, and the manual feed of the material being processed.

1.2. The main condition for safe work on sewing equipment (sewing machines) is: knowledge by the workers of the device and operating rules, as well as technological processes for processing materials, attentive and serious attitude to the work performed.

1.3. Sewing machines are designed to perform sewing operations and products from various materials.

1.4. On all universal sewing machines and machines that perform a zigzag stitch (two-needle, etc.), guards must be installed to prevent puncture of the fingers with a needle.

1.5. The thread feeders of the machines protruding far from the body towards the worker must be protected with brackets.

1.6. The rotating thread feeder must be covered with a guard.

1.7. The rotary thread feeder must be covered with a guard and equipped with an adjustable knife for trimming torn fabric.

1.8. Covers of working tables of sewing machines and additional platforms must have a smooth surface and be made of a material that excludes the possibility of the formation of burrs and sharp edges during operation.

1.9. The motor shaft, friction clutch and the prince's belt drive must be covered with easily removable guards.

1.10. The design of the industrial table should provide for the height adjustment of the table cover.

1.11. The legs of industrial tables must have shoes made of vibration-damping material.

1.12. Rubber mats must be fixed on the pedals of industrial tables.

1.13. Fastening of the electric drive to the throne should be carried out through rubber washers-inserts.

1.14. Sewing machine heads must be mounted on elastic pads.

1.15. Sewing machines must have a device for securely fixing the machine head in the tilted position.

1.16. For overcasting machines, the looper mechanism must be protected by a hinged shield with secure fixation, and the manufacturer's mechanism must be closed with a hinged or blind cover.

1.17. Dangerous places of edematous machines are: machine needle and needle bar, thread take-up, knife (on machines with simultaneous trimming of the edges of the fabric) flywheel, belt drives. When performing manual operations, the following are dangerous: scissors, needles, current-carrying wires, a moving conveyor belt.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Make sure that the clothes are in good condition, fasten it with all buttons. Remove hair under the headdress. Tie the scarf at the back without covering the neck, pick up the ends. It is forbidden to work with loose hair, in unbuttoned clothes with loose, hanging ends.

2.2. Check your workplace, make sure it is adequately lit and that it is not cluttered.

2.3. Check the reliability of the ground wire of the electric motor and ground wire, industrial table, starting devices.

2.4. Make sure that the machines of its starting devices are in operation and that the starting pedal is in good condition, that the safety tab against puncture of fingers and the drive guards are present and in good condition.

2.5. Check the reliability of fastening of removable parts of the machine / front board, needle plate, etc. /.

2.6. Make sure that the tool is in good condition (scissors, needles, etc.)

2.7. Make sure that the electrical wiring is in good condition (the wiring should not have scuffs, breaks, scorched areas).

2.8. Check that the section of the moving conveyor belt is in good condition.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. During work, keep the workplace clean and in good condition, pick up fallen spools of thread, keep them in special places, do not clutter up the aisles.

3.2. Threading the upper and lower threads, changing the needle - do it only when the electric motor is turned off and the needle bar is set to its highest position; take your foot off the drive pedal of the machine.

3.3. To avoid catching hair and being hit by the thread take-up, do not lean too low on the machine. In case of visual impairment, use corrective glasses individually.

3.4. Keep tools (scissors, needles, razors) in a specially designated place. Do not keep the scissors near the rotating parts of the machine, belts, on the edge of the table.

Do not throw used, broken sewing needles and other sharp objects into waste collection places and on the floor. Collect them and take them out to special bins for scrap metal.

3.5. Before starting each seam, hold the ends of the threads at the back of the presser foot with your left hand and lower the foot over the seam. With your right hand, turning the drive pulley, lower the needle onto the fabric. And only after that, holding the part of the product with both hands on both sides of the needle, in order to avoid getting your fingers under the needle, gently press the pedal of the machine with your foot.

3.6. When working on the Overlock machine, keep your fingers on the edge of the platform.

3.7. To avoid breaking the needles and injuring the eyes from their splinters, slow down the machine in areas with knot joints and other thickenings that contribute to increased seam density; it is forbidden to pull the seam along the line, while the needle breaks on the needle plate, splinters can get into the eyes

3.8. It is forbidden to brake the pulley with your hands while the machine is running, as well as brake the pulley with your hand after turning off the motor while pressing the pedal of the machine to speed up the stop of the motor. This injures the palm of the hand.

3.9. Accidentally caught in the drive mechanism and in the shuttle set of threads, pieces of fabric - get it with the electric motor turned off.

3.10. To eliminate the resulting replacement, or other defect in the seam or line, follow the following safe working methods:

stop the machine by removing your foot from the drive pedal;
while turning the machine pulley by hand, remove the needle from the seam fabric, raise the presser foot, make corrections, and only then continue work.

3.11. In case of any malfunction of the machine - turn off the electric motor on the control panel, call the repairman, inform the master.

3.12. After performing repairs, rearranging the machine, replacing the motor, etc., it is possible to start work only with the permission of the repairman (mechanic, electrician), who, by personal example, is obliged to prove the safety of the equipment repaired by him.

3.13. Switch off the electric motor of the machine during any breaks in work.

3.14. Do not adjust the needle while the machine is running, do not open or remove the safety guards while the machine is running.

3.15. During operation, it is impossible to lubricate, wash, clean the machine from dust when the electric motor is running; cleaning, lubricating and wiping the machine only with the electric motor turned off.

3.16. If it is necessary to temporarily leave the workplace, turn off the machine and make sure that the electric motor has completely stopped,

3.17. Do not touch live or rotating parts of the sewing machine.

3.18. Do not touch the moving parts of the conveyor.

3.19. Do not remove any needle or tool that has fallen from under the moving conveyor.

3.20. Do not place semi-finished products, personal clothing, a bag on heating appliances, do not hang them on circuit breakers or electrical wiring.

3.21. Do not stick needles in fabrics, lapels or other clothing.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. Every noticed danger at the site, in the workshop or on the territory of the enterprise must be immediately reported to the administration.

4.2. If any malfunction is detected, including when abnormal noises, knocks, a burning smell appear in the motor, the machine must be turned off, stopped and a repairman (electrician) should be called.

4.3. In the event of a sudden interruption in the supply of electric current when an electrical voltage is detected on the equipment case, as well as if other malfunctions are detected in it, it is necessary to immediately turn off the machine and inform the master about it.

4.4. When replacing a broken needle, turn off the motor and remove your feet from the pedal. It is necessary to monitor the correct position of the hands in order to avoid piercing the hand with a needle.

4.5. When repairing the machine, it is necessary to post the table "The machine is being repaired."

4.6. If an accident occurs, immediately inform the foreman or the head of the workshop about it, who are obliged to draw up an accident report no later than 24 hours later.

4.7. To the victim as a result of an accident, timely provide first (pre-medical) aid, using a workshop first-aid kit with the necessary medicines, and then send it to the nearest medical facility.

4.8. In the event of a fire, immediately inform the administration and start extinguishing the fire with fire extinguishers.

4.9. When burning, it is forbidden to extinguish the unplugged electrical wiring with water - this can cause an electric shock.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. Switch off (stop), clean and lubricate the machine. Tidy up the workplace, put the tools and fixtures in the place allotted for them.

5.2. Inform your shift worker and foreman about the shortcomings noticed during work.

5.3. Take personal hygiene measures.

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