Instructions on labor protection for a sawmill machine operator engaged in longitudinal cutting of lumber

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions on labor protection for a sawmill machine operator engaged in longitudinal cutting of lumber

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General provisions

1.1. The instructions apply to all departments of the enterprise.

1.2. The instructions were developed on the basis of DNAOP 0.00-8.03-93 "Procedure for the development and approval by the owner of regulations on labor protection in force at the enterprise", DNAOP 0.00-4.15-98 "Regulations on the development of instructions on labor protection", DNAOP 0.00-4.12-99 " Model regulations on training on labor protection issues", DNAOP 1.1.10-1.04-01 "Rules for safe work with tools and devices."

1.3. According to these instructions, the machine saw operator engaged in longitudinal cutting of lumber (hereinafter referred to as the machine operator) is instructed before starting work (initial instruction), and then every 3 months (repeated instruction). The results of the briefing are entered into the "Logbook of registration of briefings on labor protection issues." The log, after completing the instruction, must contain the signatures of the instructor and the machine operator.

1.4. The owner must insure the machine operator against accidents and occupational diseases.

In case of damage to the health of the machine operator due to the fault of the owner, he (the machine operator) has the right to compensation for the harm caused to him.

1.5. For failure to comply with this instruction, the machine operator bears disciplinary, financial, administrative and criminal liability.

1.6. Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone a medical examination, special training, and have a certificate that gives the right to work on woodworking machines are allowed to work on woodworking machines; underwent introductory training on labor protection, fire safety training and on-the-job training.

1.7. The machine operator must:

comply with the internal labor regulations;
use overalls and personal protective equipment;
remember about personal responsibility for the implementation of labor protection rules and responsibility for workmates;
perform only the work for which he is instructed and which is assigned by the work manager;
work only on a machine according to the rules of safe operation of which he has been instructed;
do not allow unauthorized persons to your workplace;
be able to provide first aid to victims of accidents;
know how to use primary fire extinguishing equipment.

1.8. The main dangerous and harmful production factors that can affect the machine operator:

moving machines and mechanisms;
moving parts of production equipment;
moving products, blanks, materials;
increased noise level in the workplace.

1.9. Sources of factors:

rotating circular saws;
mechanisms for feeding blanks, lumber.

1.10. Action factors:

possible contact of the hands of the worker with rotating circular saws;
getting hands under the pressure rollers of the feed mechanism;
contact with moving and rotating parts of the machine;
reverse departure of the processed material, departure of small scraps, knots;
negative impact of noise on the hearing organs.

1.11. The machine operator is provided with personal protective equipment: a cotton suit, a cotton jacket with insulated lining and cotton trousers with insulated lining for performing outdoor work in winter; combined mittens, goggles, hearing protection.

1.12. Instructions for the safe operation of the machine and a sign with the name of the worker responsible for the operation of the machine are posted at the workplace.

1.13. All handles, buttons, steering wheels, handwheels and other parts of equipment control must have inscriptions indicating their purpose.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Check the sharpness of the sharpening, the uniform spacing of the saw teeth, make sure there are no cracks, broken teeth, or bending of the saw blade. Circular saws must not be used if at least one tooth is missing.

2.2. Check the correct installation and fastening of the saw blade. By turning it on for a short time, check the direction of rotation of the saw. The saw blade must rotate towards the material being fed.

In a machine with a lower saw shaft, the tops of the saw teeth should protrude above the table plane by a distance equal to the height of the cut plus at least 10 mm, and in machines with an upper saw shaft they should be no lower than the table plane by 3.5 mm.

2.3. Check the presence and serviceability of saw blade guards and machine drives. Saw blades must not touch guards.

The stops must be sharp and not rotate in the direction opposite to the supply of materials. The gap between the lower edges of the stops and the surface of the machine feeder should be no more than 2 mm; The gap between the stop plates is no more than 1 mm.

2.4. Check the condition of the wooden insert in the machine table. The width of the saw gap in a wooden insert made from hardwood should not exceed 10 mm. The insert must fit tightly into the hole of the machine table, and its working surface must lie in the same plane as the working surface of the table. The saw blade must not touch the edges of the liner.

2.5. Check the presence and correct installation of the riving knife. The riving knife is installed behind the saw blade at a distance between the knife and the saw of no more than 10 mm along its entire length.

The height of the knife must not be less than the height of the working part of the saw.

On multi-saw machines, riving knives are installed behind the outer saws, and guide knives are installed behind the saws located between the outer saws.

2.6. Check that the saws installed on the same shaft have the same diameter, thickness, tooth profile, and set. It is allowed to install saws with a diameter that differs by no more than 5 mm.

2.7. Check by briefly turning on the action of: locking devices, guards of the cutting tool and the machine drive; aspiration system; a mechanism for lifting the curtain from the stops; feed mechanism. Check the operation of the braking devices.

2.8. Make sure that local suctions are working properly.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. Before turning on the machine, warn the persons working together.

Supply lumber evenly, without jolts. Reduce the feeding force if there are cracks, rot and knots in the board. Finishing of workpieces with manual feeding is done using a pusher.

3.2. Make sure that boards with nails and other metallic inclusions do not enter the machine.

3.3. On machines with mechanical feed, process parts only to the thickness of a given size, at the height of which the pressure rollers are installed.

3.4. Make sure that the length of the material being processed is at least 100 mm greater than the distance between the axes of the front and rear parcel rollers and disks.

3.5. On manual feed machines, process lumber shorter than 400 mm and narrower than 30 mm only using special templates.

3.6. Remove scraps stuck in the slots only when the saw has come to a complete stop using a special hook.

3.7. Do not slow down the saw by pressing any object on the surface of the blade or teeth.

3.8. Do not be in the plane of the operating saw in the area of possible ejection of the processed material.

3.9. Do not look under the saw blade guard until it stops completely if cuttings get into the gap.

3.10. Do not cut several pieces at the same time in a stack without a special device that ensures they are pressed against the guide ruler and the table.

3.11. Do not process icy boards in the machine.

3.12. Inspection, cleaning, wiping, checking the accuracy of processing parts, securing guards, manually removing scraps and sawdust from the machine table only when the saw blade is completely stopped.

3.13. If there is a knock, vibration, change in the nature of the noise, overheating of the cutting tool, turn off the machine and inform the master.

4. Safety requirements after finishing work

4.1. Turn off equipment. Wait for it to come to a complete stop. Tidy up the workplace: remove tools, fixtures; clean the machine from dirt and dust; wipe and lubricate the rubbing parts of the machine; neatly fold the finished parts and the remaining material.

4.2. Cleaning of wood waste (sawdust, shavings, dust) from the surface of the equipment, as well as from overalls, is carried out with a brush, sweep or using vacuum cleaners.

It is unacceptable to blow the machine and clothes with compressed air.

4.3. Rags used during work and when cleaning, put the rags in a special metal box with a closing lid and take it outside the workshop to a specially designated place.

4.4. Wash hands with warm water and soap.

4.5. Report all noticed shortcomings in the operation of the equipment to the shift worker or foreman.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. An emergency situation may arise in the event of: electric shock, explosion, fire, burns, etc.

5.2. In the event of an emergency, immediately stop work, disconnect consumers of electricity, compressed air from the power supply, protect the danger zone, prevent unauthorized persons from entering it, report what has happened to the work manager.

5.3. If there are victims, provide them with first aid; if necessary, call an ambulance.

5.4. Providing first aid.

5.4.1. First aid for electric shock.

In case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action of electric current by disconnecting the electrical installation from the power source, and if it is impossible to disconnect it, pull it away from the conductive parts by clothing or using insulating material at hand.

If the victim has no breathing and pulse, it is necessary to give him artificial respiration and indirect (external) heart massage, paying attention to the pupils. Dilated pupils indicate a sharp deterioration in the blood circulation of the brain. In this state, the revival must begin immediately, and then call an "ambulance".

5.4.2. First aid for injury.

To provide first aid in case of injury, it is necessary to open an individual package, apply a sterile dressing material, which is placed in it, to the wound and tie it with a bandage.

If somehow the individual package was not found, then a clean handkerchief, a clean linen rag, etc. must be used for dressing. On a rag that is applied directly to the wound, it is advisable to drip a few drops of tincture of iodine to get a stain larger than the wound, and then apply the rag to the wound. It is especially important to apply the tincture of iodine in this way to contaminated wounds.

5.4.3. First aid for fractures, dislocations, shocks.

In case of fractures and dislocations of the limbs, it is necessary to strengthen the damaged limb with a splint, plywood plate, stick, cardboard or other similar object. The injured arm can also be hung with a bandage or handkerchief from the neck and bandaged to the torso.

In case of a skull fracture (unconsciousness after a blow to the head, bleeding from the ears or mouth), it is necessary to apply a cold object to the head (a heating pad with ice, snow or cold water) or make a cold lotion.

If a fracture of the spine is suspected, it is necessary to put the victim on the board, without lifting him, turn the victim on his stomach face down, while observing that the body does not bend, in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord.

In case of a fracture of the ribs, a sign of which is pain during breathing, coughing, sneezing, movements, it is necessary to tightly bandage the chest or pull it off with a towel during exhalation.

5.4.4. First aid for thermal burns.

In case of burns with fire, steam, hot objects, in no case should you open the formed blisters and bandage the burns with a bandage.

For first-degree burns (redness), the burned area is treated with cotton wool soaked in ethyl alcohol.

For second-degree burns (blisters), the burned area is treated with alcohol or a 3% manganese solution.

For third-degree burns (destruction of skin tissue), the wound is covered with a sterile dressing and a doctor is called.

5.4.5. First aid for bleeding.

In order to stop bleeding, you must:

raise the injured limb up;
close the bleeding wound with a dressing (from a bag) folded into a ball, press it from above, without touching the wound itself, hold for 4-5 minutes. If the bleeding stops without removing the applied material, put another pad from another bag or a piece of cotton on top of it and bandage the wounded area (with some pressure);
in case of severe bleeding that cannot be stopped with a bandage, compression of the blood vessels that feed the wounded area is applied by bending the limb at the joints, as well as with fingers, a tourniquet or a clamp. In case of heavy bleeding, you should immediately call a doctor.

5.5. If a fire occurs, start extinguishing with the available fire extinguishing equipment. If necessary, call the fire department.

5.6. Follow the instructions of the head of work to eliminate the emergency.

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