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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions on labor protection for an electromechanic of telephone and telegraph communications. Full Document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation 1. General requirements for labor protection 1.1. Persons not younger than 18 years of age, recognized as fit for production by a medical examination, having at least one year of work experience in these jobs and a telephone category of at least III, who have been trained and tested knowledge of the rules, are allowed to work as a communications electrician (telegraph and telegraph shop), norms and instructions on labor protection, including this instruction, as well as those who have a certificate for the right to carry out these works, who have received instructions at the workplace on safety during the performance of work. 1.2. The communications electrician must: 1.2.1. Comply with the rules of internal labor regulations; 1.2.2. Know and comply with the rules on labor protection when working at telephone enterprises in the scope of the duties performed, annually confirm the III electrical safety group; 1.2.3. Know the procedure for checking and using manual mechanical and power tools, devices to ensure safe work (ladders, ladders, etc.), protective equipment (dielectric gloves and carpets, tools with insulating handles, voltage indicators, safety glasses); 1.2.4. Perform only the work that is defined in the operating instructions for the equipment or job descriptions approved by the administration of the enterprise, and provided that safe methods of doing it are well known; 1.2.5. Know and be able to provide first aid to victims of electric current and other accidents; 1.2.6. Follow the instructions on fire safety measures. 1.3. When servicing automatic telephone exchanges and telegraph lines, the following hazardous and harmful production factors are possible:
1.4. The victim or eyewitness immediately notifies the immediate supervisor of each accident at work. 1.5. The electrician is responsible for the preparation of the workplace, including, but not limited to, carrying out work without de-energizing. 1.6. For non-compliance with this instruction, the perpetrators are held accountable in accordance with the internal labor regulations or penalties determined by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. 2. Labor protection requirements before starting work 2.1. Put on and carefully tuck in the special clothing (dressing gown) and technological footwear (slippers) established in accordance with current standards, avoiding hanging ends and constraint when moving. 2.2. Check and verify the availability and serviceability of the fixed tool, devices to ensure safe work performance, personal protective equipment, fire extinguishing equipment. 2.3. Check the condition of general and ordinary lighting. 2.4. Do not carry out any work on the repair of fixtures, equipment, etc., if this is not part of the employee's responsibilities. 2.5. Report all shortcomings and malfunctions found during the inspection at the workplace to the shift supervisor for taking measures to eliminate them completely. 2.6. Place the tool in the workplace with maximum ease of use, avoiding the presence of unnecessary items in the work area. 2.7. Check the availability of a first aid kit. 3. Labor protection requirements during work 3.1. Work only in serviceable and carefully fitted overalls and safety shoes and use personal protective equipment required at the workplace in accordance with current standards. 3.2. Maintenance of devices located in the upper parts of the cabinets should be carried out only from serviceable marked stepladders. 3.3. It is necessary to install the stepladder firmly, checking its stability before lifting. Ladders with a height of 1,3 m or more must be equipped with a stop. 3.4. It is forbidden to work from the top two steps of stepladders that do not have railings or stops, as well as to be on the steps by more than one person. 3.5. The replacement of signal lamps on the scoreboard should be carried out from ladders with a height of at least 2 m. 3.6. Do not leave loose objects on the ladders and throw them down. 3.7. Movable ladders (ladders) with upper roller sliding, used when working in two-tiered crosses, must be secured with stoppers. 3.8. Changing individual fuses should be done with only one hand, and the second or part of the body should not touch grounded structures. 3.9. The replacement of an ordinary fuse must be carried out by two persons, one of whom is allowed to stand at the bottom of the stepladder, with the obligatory fulfillment of the requirements of clause 3.8., Use insulating pliers or dielectric gloves, safety glasses. 3.10. When working on cabinets of subscriber kits, it is necessary to remember that there is an inductive current with a voltage of 75-95 V on the cabinets and that the voltage of 220 V from the line can reach the cabinets. 3.11. Pliers with insulating grips should be used when changing the individual fuses on the cabinet. 3.12. All repair work on the non-removable devices of the cabinets, cleaning of the mounting, safety frames, yells, etc., should be carried out with the cabinet fuses removed. 3.13. Equipment racks that have voltages greater than 42 V AC and 110 V DC should be provided with dielectric mats. 3.14. All enclosures and covers of equipment that cover 42 VAC contacts must display the electrical voltage symbol to alert service personnel to the danger of electrical shock. 3.15. Magnetic heads on electronic exchanges are cleaned with alcohol or compressed air from special cartridges. 3.16. Elimination of damage and repairs on the equipment must be carried out when the voltage is completely removed from the equipment. 3.17. When working in the EATS-200 machine room, before work, you must make sure that there is no extraneous voltage on the cabinets, since there are sockets with a voltage of 220 V in each row. All these works are carried out in the order of current operation. 3.18. The portable power tool used (soldering iron, step-down transformer) must be tested and have an inventory number, systematically and timely checked and repaired. 3.19. During an external examination of power tools and appliances, it is necessary to pay attention to the integrity of the insulation of the wires, the absence of bare current-carrying parts. 3.20. Checking for the absence of a short circuit to the case and the condition of the insulation must be carried out by a specially appointed person at least once every 1 months. 3.21. The passage between the front side of the power distribution equipment must be at least 1,2 m. There must be no foreign objects in the passage. 3.22. Dielectric mats should be placed on the side of opening doors of power cabinets and near the switchboard. 3.23. The length of the hose wire for connecting the step-down transformer to the network must not exceed 2 m. 3.24. Cases of portable household and measuring instruments, step-down transformers, displays and printers for a voltage of 220 V must be grounded. 3.25. For soldering, use electric soldering irons with a voltage not higher than 42 V. 3.26. It is necessary to use backlights for 60 V DC and not higher than 42 V AC, provided that the body of the backlight is made of insulating material and has a protective screen. 3.27. In the production of work on soldering devices with solder in the adjusting workshops, there should be special tables equipped with local suction (exhaust), electric lighting and a fire-resistant stand for a soldering iron, containers for alloys and fluxes. 3.28. When performing work on technological equipment, the presence of other workers in the immediate vicinity of the soldering point is prohibited. Soldering processes are accompanied by air pollution with harmful substances. There is lead contamination of surfaces and skin of the hands, as well as the oral cavity. When performing soldering at non-fixed workplaces, it is necessary to use trays to place soldering irons, solder and other materials on them. 3.29. The doors and windows of the machine room must always be kept closed. 3.30. Hands, clothes, shoes of personnel should always be dry. 3.29. When working with video terminals: 3.30.1. Personnel using spectacles should be provided with spectacles rated for a distance of 550-700 mm to work on the display. 3.30.2. The screen should be located at a distance of 400-800 mm from the eyes in the center of the field of view. 3.30.3. It is forbidden to be at the video terminal, performing work not related to its operation. 3.30.4. The mode of work and rest should depend on the nature of the work performed: when entering data, editing programs, reading information from the screen, the continuous duration of work on the display should not exceed 4 hours with an 8-hour working day. After each hour of work, it is necessary to introduce a break for 5-10 minutes, and after 2 hours - for 15 minutes. During breaks, it is necessary to carry out sets of physical exercises to relieve mental and muscular consolation, exercises for the eyes. 3.30.5. If any malfunctions are found, work with the display should be stopped. 3.31 When working in cross-country: 3.31.1. During a thunderstorm, work on the switchboards is prohibited. 3.31.2. If the thermal coil burns out, it is necessary to check with a voltage indicator that there is no extraneous voltage on the line. If it is, insulation must be installed. Replace the thermal coil only if there is no extraneous voltage. 3.31.3. Connecting and subscriber lines in case of contact with extraneous voltage should be disconnected from the station equipment using a disconnector (fiber gasket or plug made of insulating material). 3.31.4. Distribution workers must warn the lineman about the presence of extraneous voltage on the line. After the damage is eliminated, it is necessary to check the absence of extraneous voltage on the line with a voltage indicator. 3.31.5. On the cards of subscriber overhead communication lines that have intersections with power lines, an appropriate note should be made about this. 4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations 4.1. Each employee who discovers violations of the requirements of this instruction and labor protection rules or notices a malfunction of the equipment that poses a danger to people is obliged to report this to the immediate supervisor. In cases where a malfunction of the equipment poses a threatening danger to people or the equipment itself, the employee who discovered it is obliged to take measures to terminate the operation of the equipment, and then notify the immediate supervisor about this. Troubleshooting is carried out in compliance with safety requirements. 4.2. If an accident occurs during work, it is necessary to immediately provide first aid to the victim, report the incident to your immediate supervisor and take measures to preserve the situation of the accident, if this is not associated with a danger to life and health of people. 4.3. In case of electric shock, it is necessary to release the victim from the action of the current as soon as possible, in case of working at height, take measures to prevent him from falling. Switch off the equipment using switches, a plug-in connector, cut the supply wire with a tool with insulated handles. If it is impossible to turn off the equipment quickly enough, other measures must be taken to free the victim from the action of the current. To separate the victim from current-carrying parts or wires, use a stick, board or some other dry object that does not conduct electricity, while the caregiver must stand on a dry, non-conductive place, or wear dielectric gloves. 4.4. If a fire occurs in a technical room, you should immediately start extinguishing it with the available means (carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, asbestos blankets, sand) and call the fire department. 4.5. If extraneous voltage is detected at the workplace, it is necessary to immediately stop work and report to the shift supervisor. 4.6. In the event of a power failure while working with a power tool or a break in work, the power tool must be "Unplugged". 4.7. If you detect a smell of gas, you must immediately call the emergency gas service, inform the management of the enterprise, organize the evacuation of personnel from the ATS building, do not turn on or turn off the current collectors, and ensure natural ventilation of the room. 5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work 5.1. It is necessary to tidy up the workplace, tools and fixtures. 5.2. Inform the shifter (shift supervisor) of all malfunctions noticed during work and the measures taken to eliminate them 5.3. Overalls (robe and slippers) must be removed in a specially designated place. 5.4. Wash your face and hands thoroughly with warm water and soap, rinse your mouth well. In the case of performing work related to soldering with alloys containing lead, it is imperative to neutralize lead with a 1% solution of acetic acid or OP-7 paste before washing hands.
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