Free technical library

Instructions on labor protection for personnel of x-ray departments. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

 Comments on the article

1. General provisions

This instruction was developed in accordance with the requirements of the current "Radiation Safety Standards NRB-99" SP 2.6.1.758-99 (recognized as not requiring state registration, letter of the Ministry of Justice of Russia dated July 29.07.99, 6014 No. 99-ER), "Basic Sanitary Rules for Ensuring Radiation Safety OSPORB-2.6.1.799" SP 99-01.06.00 (recognized as not requiring state registration, letter of the Ministry of Justice of Russia dated 4214 No. 09.01.96-ER), Federal Law dated 3 No. 17.01.96-FZ "On Radiation Safety of the Population" (published in "Rossiyskaya Gazeta" 31.07.00), Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated 298 No. 15.08.00 "On Approval of the Regulations on the Unified State System for Controlling and Accounting for Individual Exposure Doses of Citizens" (recognized as not requiring state registration, letter from the Ministry of Justice of Russia dated 6948 No. 2.6.1.802-YUD), SanPiN 99-20.03.00 "Ionizing radiation, radiation safety. Hygienic requirements for the arrangement and operation of X-ray rooms, apparatus and X-ray examinations" (recognized as not requiring state registration, letter of the Ministry of Justice of Russia dated 1887 .XNUMX No. XNUMX-ER).

The instruction contains the main provisions on labor protection for the personnel of X-ray diagnostic departments.

On the basis of this instruction, in each medical institution that has an X-ray department, internal job descriptions for labor protection should be developed, taking into account specific working conditions.

2. General safety requirements

2.1. Individuals at least 18 years of age who have undergone special training and are assigned by order of the institution to category A personnel are allowed to work independently in X-ray diagnostic departments, in accordance with the requirements of the "Basic Sanitary Rules for Ensuring Radiation Safety OSPORB-99" SP 2.6.1.799-99.

2.2. When conducting x-ray studies, two groups of exposed persons are distinguished - A and B.

Group A includes employees directly involved in conducting x-ray diagnostic studies (radiologists, radiologists, nurses, engineers and technicians for setting up and operating x-ray equipment).

Group B includes employees who are exposed to ionizing radiation due to their working conditions: employees working in rooms adjacent to the X-ray room, specialists who are not included in their official duties in the staff of the X-ray department, but participate in X-ray examinations.

2.3. The staff of the department of groups A and B must know and comply with the maximum permissible doses of radiation. Thus, for group A personnel, the effective exposure dose should not exceed 0,02 Sv per year on average for any consecutive 5 years, but not more than 0,05 Sv per year. The effective dose for personnel should not exceed 50 Sv for the period of labor activity (1,0 years). For group B personnel, the basic dose limits are equal to 1/4 of the values ​​for group A personnel in accordance with the "Radiation Safety Standards. NRB-99".

2.4. Female staff should be released from work in the department for the entire period of pregnancy from the moment of its medical confirmation.

2.5. In accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health and Medical Industry of Russia dated December 10.12.96, 405 No. 31.12.96 "On conducting preliminary and periodic medical examinations of employees" (registered in the Ministry of Justice of Russia on December 1224, XNUMX No. XNUMX), in order to prevent diseases, the staff of the department must undergo a medical examination upon admission to work and periodic medical inspections at least once a year. Persons who do not have medical contraindications to work with ionizing radiation are allowed to work.

2.6. Personnel employed in X-ray diagnostic departments must have the I qualification group for electrical safety and undergo an annual knowledge test. Assignment of group I is issued in the prescribed manner.

2.7. Newly admitted, as well as persons temporarily assigned to work in the department, must undergo an introductory briefing by a labor protection engineer or a person responsible for labor protection and appointed by order of the institution.

The results of the briefing should be recorded in the logbook of the introductory briefing on labor protection. Based on the results of the briefing, the person responsible for working with personnel makes the final registration of the newly arriving employee and sends him to the place of work.

2.8. Each newly hired to the department must undergo an initial briefing on labor protection at the workplace. Re-briefing of personnel must take place at the workplace at least twice a year, and unscheduled - in case of changes in working conditions, violations of labor protection and accidents.

These briefings should be conducted by the head of the department or a person appointed by him. The results of the briefings must be recorded in the logs, the personal card of the instructed, the work permit or other documentation authorizing the production of work.

2.9. Department staff must:

• be guided by job descriptions;
• comply with the internal labor regulations;
• avoid deviations from the established technological process of working with sources of ionizing radiation;
• comply with the requirements of the main regulatory documents listed above, technical descriptions, operating instructions for the equipment installed in the department, as well as these instructions;
• own the principles of operation and operating conditions of the technological equipment of the office;
• know how to provide first aid;
• report to the immediate supervisor on each equipment malfunction or accident;
• keep the office clean and tidy;
• prevent cluttering the office with unused equipment and furniture.

2.10. The staff of the department is obliged to comply with the requirements for compliance with work and rest regimes.

2.11. The staff of the department must know the rules of protection against the impact of the following hazardous and harmful production factors:

• increased level of ionizing radiation in the working area;
• increased concentration of toxic components of protective materials on working surfaces and in the air of working premises;
• increased concentration of ozone, nitrogen oxides and from air electrical discharges in high-voltage devices;
• dangerous level of voltage in electrical circuits;
• increased noise level generated by electric drives, air fans.

2.12. The use of personal protective equipment is mandatory if personnel are in the treatment room. The norms for the use of personal protective equipment are established depending on the purpose of the X-ray diagnostic room.

2.13. Personal protective equipment must have stamps and marks indicating their lead equivalent and the date of inspection. The check of protective properties is carried out once every two years by the radiation safety service.

2.14. Personal protective equipment must be wet-handling.

If lead dust is detected, indicating a violation of sanitary and hygienic requirements for the operation of protective equipment, wet cleaning should be carried out using a 1-2% solution of acetic acid.

2.15. When working with a diagnostic device with a horizontal position of the turntable-tripod, all persons participating in the study must use collective and individual protective equipment.

2.16. It is forbidden for an X-ray laboratory technician to simultaneously service two or more X-ray machines operating in different rooms, even if there is a common control room.

2.17. The department is subject to general safety requirements for sources of electricity and household electrical appliances.

2.18. In the event of an accident or malfunction of equipment, fixtures and tools, personnel must turn off the main power switch and inform the head of the department about this.

2.19. Department staff must:

• in the event of a fire, call the fire brigade, the police and take measures to extinguish the fire with primary fire extinguishing means;
• in other emergencies (short circuit, open circuit, damage to the radiation protection of the device, breakdown of communication systems for water supply, sewerage, heating and ventilation), stop work and call the appropriate
• emergency repair services.

2.20. The staff of the department must observe the rules of personal hygiene.

2.21. Department personnel are prohibited from:

• work without overalls, protective devices, personal protective equipment, personal dosimeters;
• use damaged or expired personal protective equipment;
• work with disconnected water supply, sewerage, ventilation systems;
• eating and smoking in work areas.

2.22. The staff of the department should store food products, home clothes and other items not related to work, only in specially designated places.

2.23. At the entrance to the treatment room of the X-ray diagnostics room at a height of 1,6 - 1,8 m from the floor or above the door, a white-red "Do not enter" light board (signal) should be placed, which automatically lights up when the X-ray machine is turned on. It is allowed to apply a radiation hazard sign to the light signal.

2.24. The head of an enterprise, institution, organization must ensure that each employee studies the instructions on labor protection.

2.25. If necessary, persons who have violated the instructions are subject to an extraordinary test of knowledge on labor protection and unscheduled briefing.

2.26. This instruction is accepted for a period of five years, the validity of which can be extended for no more than two terms.

3. Safety requirements before starting work

3.1. Before starting work, the staff of the department must check the presence of individual dosimeters, make sure that there are no unauthorized persons in the treatment room and conduct a visual check of the X-ray machine (moving parts, electrical wiring, high-voltage cable, ground wires in the office, etc.). Then you should check the electrical voltage of the power line and make a trial inclusion of the X-ray machine in various operating modes.

3.2. It is forbidden to work with faulty locking devices and measuring instruments of X-ray machines.

3.3. When the X-ray machine is connected to the electrical network, the X-ray laboratory assistant does not have the right to leave the X-ray room.

3.4. Before starting the study, persons working with X-ray sources must put on individual protective equipment, depending on the range of protective equipment intended for work in a specialized room.

3.5. The staff of the department must make sure that the ventilation, water supply, sewerage and electric lighting systems are in good condition. In case of detection of malfunctions, he must inform the head of the department.

3.6. Before starting work, personnel must check the serviceability of equipment, reagents, the operation of interlock devices, the safety of radiation protection equipment, and the integrity of ground wires. If a malfunction is detected, it is necessary to suspend work and call a service that performs maintenance and repair.

3.7. During shift work of the X-ray room, the procedure for handing over and receiving a shift is determined by the internal instruction developed by the head of the department, taking into account the functional features of each room.

4. Safety requirements during work

4.1. Medical X-ray examinations should only be carried out by persons who have completed a specialization in radiology, trained in the rules for conducting examinations.

"Ionizing radiation, radiation safety. Hygienic requirements for the design and operation of X-ray rooms, apparatus and X-ray examinations." Means for measuring X-ray radiation must have certificates of verification carried out in a timely manner. Individual dosimetric monitoring should be carried out continuously. Quarterly, the result of dosimetric control is recorded in the work log.

4.3. Individual annual exposure doses should be recorded in the individual dose record card. The worker's dose record card should be handed over in the event of his transfer to a new place of work.

4.4. In case of emergency (emergency) situations, the personnel must act in accordance with the internal instructions developed by the head of the department.

Emergency situations in the X-ray room include:

• damage to the radiation protection of the apparatus or cabinet;
• short circuit and breakage in power supply systems;
• closing an electrical circuit through the human body;
• mechanical failure of the elements of the X-ray apparatus;
• breakdown of switching systems of water supply, sewerage, heating and ventilation;
• emergency condition of walls, floor and ceiling;
• fire.

4.5. It is forbidden to leave the device unattended during operation or entrust supervision to persons not authorized to work on the device.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. In the event of a radiation accident, personnel must:

• notify the head of the department and the person responsible for radiation monitoring;
• evacuate the patient from the room, close the protective door, seal it and hang out a sign about the emergency condition;
• to eliminate the accident, the head of the department must call a repair team.

5.2. If it is suspected that the exposure of personnel is higher than the norms specified in clause 2.3 of this instruction, the head of the department is obliged to organize an urgent check of the causes that caused overexposure, evaluate the dose received, send the victims for a medical examination. Based on the results obtained, the head of the department should determine the possibility of further work of personnel in the field of ionizing radiation.

5.3. In case of a non-radiation accident, the personnel must turn off the main power switch and notify the head of the department.

In the event of an accident, the victims must be provided with first (pre-medical) medical assistance.

6. Safety requirements at the end of work

6.1. Upon completion of work, the staff of the department should:

• tidy up the workplace;
• bring the devices to their original state, turn off or switch to the mode specified in the operating instructions;
• turn off all power supply systems;
• carry out wet cleaning of all rooms, wash the floors and disinfect the elements and accessories of the X-ray machine that the patient and medical personnel came into contact with.

6.2. The head of the department (office) must check the correctness of the accounting records.

 We recommend interesting articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection:

▪ Locksmith for the installation of gas-cylinder equipment on a car. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ telegraphist. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ Knitter of textile and haberdashery products. Standard instruction on labor protection

See other articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive Free Micro Bit Computers to Learn Programming 26.03.2016 The British Broadcasting Corporation BBC has begun deliveries of a Micro Bit single-board mini-computer designed to teach programming to schoolchildren. The Micro Bit platform was introduced exactly a year ago - in March 2015. The hardware component includes an energy-efficient ARM Cortex-M microchip, an accelerometer and magnetometer, a Bluetooth LE wireless adapter, and a matrix of 25 (5 x 5) LEDs. There is a Micro-USB interface and two programmable buttons. The dimensions of a single board computer are only 50 x 40 mm. It can be powered by a AAA battery. As programming environments for Micro Bit, its creators offer Blockly, Python and TouchDevelop. Starting March 22, Micro Bit is being delivered to UK schoolchildren aged 11-12 and teachers whose schools are registered with the BBC programme. In total, the broadcasting corporation intends to supply one million single-board computers free of charge. In the future, Micro Bit will go on sale, so that everyone can purchase the product. The price has not yet been specified, but it is unlikely to exceed $10.

Other interesting news:

▪ Recorder XORO HSD-R545 - heavy artillery DVD

▪ Nanotechnology for strengthening concrete

▪ Smart bracelet shock therapy

▪ A new type of tectonic activity has been discovered on Venus

▪ Sneakers with GPS

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Grounding and grounding. Selection of articles

▪ article Lux - a unit of measurement of illumination. video art

▪ article Why is a collection of songs called an album? Detailed answer

▪ article MHD generator. Children's Science Lab

▪ article Knots of amateur radio equipment. Modulators. Directory

▪ UHF article for St. receiver. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages ​​of this page

Arabic	Hebrew	Polish
Bengali	Hindi	Portuguese
Chinese	Italian	Spanish
English	Japanese	Turkish
French	Korean	Ukrainian
German	Malay	Vietnamese

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews

www.diagram.com.ua
2000-2024