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BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
Strategy and tactics of behavior during an attack. Basics of safe life
Directory / Basics of safe life While a person is in a familiar environment, he acts based on familiar rules. But as soon as a dangerous, extreme situation (ES) occurs, changes can occur to a person. In ES, the psychological load increases many times over and, as a result, behavior changes, criticality of thinking decreases, mismatch of movement coordination occurs, attention is scattered, the acuity of perception is lost, and emotional reactions change. Although perhaps nseveral options:
Disorganization of behavior is manifested in the loss of acquired skills, brought, as it seemed, to automatism. The reliability of movements decreases: they become impulsive, fussy and erratic. The logic of thinking is disrupted, and the awareness of the fallacy and unreliability of one’s actions sometimes only aggravates the situation. A sharp inhibition of actions and movements, numbness (stupor) make it difficult to find an effective solution, while increasing the effectiveness of actions when an emergency occurs is desirable, as it improves self-control, clarity of perception and assessment of what is happening, allows the development of actions, and adjusts to the adequacy of situations. This form of response is the most preferable, but, as practice shows, it is not typical for everyone. You shouldn’t place any special hopes on quickly increasing your psychophysical potential in ES; it’s better to have some preparedness in reserve. It’s good if this is the experience of participating in a special training, but it’s also not bad if you only have a theoretical acquaintance with some of the features of ES and methods of behavior in them based on adequate perception. How does the ES work? Its main elements are place, time, attacker (hereinafter referred to as opponent or ES partner) and you. These four elements can be very diverse, and it is on their possible combinations that your specific ES depends. 1 place. This could be a room (familiar or not), a street (deserted or with few passers-by). 2. Time. At night, the threat of using force is perceived differently than during the day. The idea that violence is more often committed at night may be triggered here. And in general, darkness itself keeps some people in a state of heightened tension. 3. Forward and you. How many of them are there for you? When there are several of them, it is, of course, more difficult than if there was only one, since the possibility of combat is sharply reduced. And having a conversation with several aggressive opponents is much more difficult, if not impossible. But it's worth a try. First of all, you need to determine which of the attackers is the leader and concentrate your attention on him. Everything that will be said about a lone attack is applicable and legitimate for communicating with a leader, but you should not forget that he will focus not so much on you as on “his own.” But, nevertheless, it is necessary to enter into dialogue, at least in order to determine whether all members of the group are of the same mind. Any remark, gesture, or nod of any of the group members can play a big role here. When you notice someone's empathy, try to start a dialogue with them, or engage them in a dialogue with the leader, or use their remarks in an argument addressed to the leader. Particular attention should be paid to that member of the group who expressed a “very favorable disposition” towards you - perhaps this is a technique designed to lull your vigilance, and it is from this person that you should expect the main danger. The behavior characteristics, physical characteristics and equipment of the attacker, the nature of his clothing to a certain extent can indicate whether the enemy was preparing for this situation and whether it corresponds to his intentions. In loose-fitting clothes, for example, you can easily hide a weapon of violence, which this person can later use. It should be said that the diagnosis of the enemy can be fragmentary or quite complete, depending on the characteristics of the situation. It is hardly advisable to find out the level of intelligence or the presence of a sense of humor in a person who has raised his hand to strike. Three pillars of diagnosing the enemy are important in this situation: physical characteristics, mental status and prevailing emotions, as well as options for his behavior in this regard. Persons from whom the threat of attack comes can be classified into three categories. psychological status groups: 1) mentally normal people who are in a state where there is no deviation in behavior; 2) mentally normal people who are under the influence of alcohol or drugs; 3) people with pathological mental disorders. Physical data - height, weight, build; characteristic signs indicating any special training. A boxer, as a rule, takes an open, but still boxing, stance, involuntarily clenching his fists, often tapping the fist of his leading hand on the open palm of the other (here, by the way, you can get a visual idea of whether he is left-handed or right-handed). Boxers often have characteristic changes in the structure of their nose as a result of repeated trauma to the bridge of the nose. The wrestler usually stands with his shoulders slightly lowered; arms are located along the body, but can be bent; fingers seem ready to grab; feet are shoulder-width apart or slightly wider. The movements are usually smoother than those of a boxer. The overall stance can be perceived as threatening. A person practicing karate can take (involuntarily) one of the stances of this sport. The arms and legs occupy a characteristic position. The fingers are not always clenched into fists, but if they are clenched, they are much tighter than those of a boxer. As a rule, all these people have a good physique and developed muscles, move well and look at the enemy, recording the slightest change in his behavior. By the way, recording the external signs of the enemy is extremely important, since it is possible that you will have to contact law enforcement agencies and any little detail can be useful. If time and conditions allow, it is advisable, in addition to the above, to pay attention to hair color and hairstyle features, eye color, shape of the forehead, nose, lips, chin, ears. It is important to remember the enemy’s clothing and, most importantly, special features, such as: moles, scars, tattoos, physical defects, manner of speaking, gestures, peculiarities of voice, pronunciation, vocabulary, etc., which in the aggregate are characteristic only of this person. After the ES has ended, it is necessary to record this information in writing or in another way while it is fresh in your memory. What can you expect from a person who is “out of his mind”? Often, an ES partner is a person under the influence of drugs or alcohol. Alcohol or drugs lead the psyche to a state of increased excitability, sharply reduce the level of self-control, but act differently. Therefore, it is important to be able to determine exactly what kind and how much “doping” the enemy took. The signs of alcohol intoxication are so well known that there is no need to describe them in detail, but it is important to know: the most dangerous are the mild and moderate stages of intoxication, which often cause increased aggressiveness. Some take alcohol “for courage,” thereby overcoming the feeling of fear, the signs of which (see below), nevertheless, remain noticeable. When intoxicated, the criticality of perceiving what is happening is greatly reduced; such a person has difficulty perceiving argumentation, if at all he is able to perceive it at all. The movements are intensified and can quickly turn into an attack. But most often in such situations, the attack is preceded by shouts, abuse, and threats. A person in a state of drug intoxication looks practically like any normal person, so someone inexperienced in these matters may not notice this feature of the enemy. An ES partner may be a person suffering from a mental disorder. Very conventionally, such people are divided into four categories: 1) patients with paranoid schizophrenia; 2) patients with manic-depressive psychosis; 3) patients with antisocial personality type; 4) persons with inappropriate behavior. Now you need to consider the features of each category and your possible actions in the ES. If your opponent belongs to the first category, then you should take into account that such people have practically lost contact with reality. They often experience auditory and visual hallucinations. A feature of the condition of such people is the presence of delusions: grandeur or persecution. In the presence of delusions of grandeur, a person considers himself endowed with special qualities, as a result of which he places himself much higher than others. With persecution mania, a person is sure that he is being watched, hunted, etc. - again, because of his special mission, chosenness. A manic person may want to rid the world of you because he considers you a great sinner. These are people with fairly developed intelligence. Therefore, it is necessary to be extremely careful in attempts to deceive the enemy, to mislead. The best tactic is to agree with his statements as completely fair. There is no need to try to argue with such a person, to convince him, much less to say that he is wrong. Try to demonstrate that you understand his feelings and experiences, but in no case play along with him: these people recognize any falsehood very well. People in the second category are usually so deeply depressed that they lose touch with the real world. They often consider themselves unworthy to live, but they are ready to take others with them to another world, sincerely believing that they will do them a favor by saving them from the horrors of earthly existence. The speech of such a person is unusually slow; to answer the simplest questions it takes him from 15 to 30 seconds, or even more. The movements often resemble a movie in slow motion. Spontaneous “improvements” in the condition may occur, when a person suddenly says quite calmly: "Okay, now I know what to do." Don't rejoice ahead of time, stay alert. When you come into contact with such a person, try not to force the conversation. Your overly hasty speech, and even more so your attempt to somehow speed up the receipt of answers, can cause a very aggressive reaction. Be patient while waiting for answers, and, in addition, use pauses to bring yourself back to normal, to make an informed decision about your actions. If you interrupt the speech of such a patient, then do it as gently as possible; try to shift the conversation about “sins” to the topic of his personal interests and hobbies; talk about something more positive. If a person declares that “nobody loves him or feels sorry for him,” ask who this “nobody” is. The question is asked for each person separately and discussed in the same way. As soon as you catch or receive a direct answer from the patient that this “someone” still loves him, try to develop this plot and through it reach a positive conclusion to the ES. The following two categories of people do not belong to the mentally ill, since they do not lose contact with reality, but they can be classified as people with mental disorders. The third type is the classic “manipulator”. Here, one of the most important symptoms is the complete absence of guilt and remorse. Ethics and morality in the universal understanding are alien to such a person, which makes it unlikely that he will be able to treat his ES partner as a person. He often strives for physical pleasure, loves to manipulate people, “present” himself and make the initial impression of a pleasant person. As a rule, he is highly impulsive. Extremely self-centered. It is necessary to constantly stimulate him to discuss the possible onset of harmful consequences of his illegal actions, explaining the meaning of what was said, but in no way intimidating him. And finally, the fourth type is characterized by the fact that it thinks immaturely, although it may be aware of the consequences for itself of its actions. He exhibits inappropriate behavior and considers himself a failure in life, which is noticeable to the naked eye. The incident with you may be an attempt for him to prove something to someone. If you are “lucky” to come into contact with such a person, then you must take into account that a productive conversation with him about the further development of your general situation is quite possible. The main thing is to avoid words and expressions that could even slightly hurt his self-esteem. You should also pay attention to the degree of aggressiveness of the enemy and the emotional state that prevails during the ES that occurs. Fear Sometimes it may happen that the ES partner is very afraid himself. In this case, as a rule, a sharp contraction of the muscles occurs, due to which stiffness is observed. The movements are somewhat uncoordinated. You may notice hand shaking. Tremor of the jaw muscles can not only be seen, but also heard (teeth “chatter”). The eyebrows are almost straight, slightly raised, their inner corners are shifted; the forehead is covered with horizontal wrinkles. The eyes are wide open, the pupils are often dilated; the lower eyelid is tense and the upper eyelid is slightly raised. The lips are tense and slightly stretched. The gaze is perceived as moving. More active sweating occurs - even at a comfortable ambient temperature. Sweat can be observed in the following areas: on the forehead, under the lower and above the upper lip, on the neck, under the arms, on the palms, on the back. The man actively wipes away sweat, his face turns pale. With fear, voice changes may occur. The volume of speech is sometimes reduced to a whisper, the tempo of speech changes - it slows down; noticeable pauses appear between syllables and words, which are often filled with filler words and interjections. Having noted the emotion of fear in the enemy, consolidate, and possibly strengthen it, but maintain a sense of proportion, otherwise you can intimidate the enemy to such an extent that he will be able to do something that was not expected or desired from him. Information about reducing the intensity of the enemy’s feeling of fear is also important, since, having calmed down, the person makes decisions faster and more actively implements them, which can be fraught with consequences for you. Anger often observed with aggressive behavior. The enemy's posture becomes threatening; the person looks as if he is preparing to throw; his muscles are tense, his fists are clenched, but there is no tremor characteristic of the feeling of fear. The face is frowning, the gaze is fixed and expresses a threat. Sharp vertical folds appear on the bridge of the nose, and the eyes are squinted. The nostrils are dilated; the lips stretch - sometimes so much that they expose clenched teeth. The face turns pale or, more often, turns red. Sometimes convulsions run across a person’s face “in anger.” The volume of the voice increases sharply, often to the point of screaming. The man looks like he's about to explode. It should be noted that such a person himself experiences a surge of strength, becomes more energetic and impulsive. Self-control is reduced, there is a greater need for physical action. It is extremely difficult to communicate with an angry person. In this situation, it is especially important to remain calm. Even better is demonstrative relaxation. The fact is that your tension involuntarily causes tension in the enemy. An angry person is in a state of extreme excitement, so conduct the dialogue carefully, with the understanding that it is useless to appeal to the logic of a person’s thinking in such a state. It is very important to find out what exactly caused this condition. If the problem, in his opinion, is with you, find out what the real reason is - what your actions are, etc. “Talking” itself can work as a “blow off of steam” and slightly defuse the situation. The enemy’s state must be observed in dynamics. You should not enter into an argument with an angry person, especially in a harsh manner. This can only aggravate the situation. In a fit of emotion, a person may shout: “Now I’ll kill you!” You can answer something like this: “Yes, you can do this, but what will it give you personally, what harm have I done to you?” Questions like these, asked in a calm tone, will help reduce aggressiveness. Contempt, unlike anger, causes sharply impulsive behavior, and that is why the ES partner demonstrating this emotion is dangerous. External signs of contempt: the head is raised, and even if the person is shorter than you, he looks down on you. You can observe a detached posture and a smug facial expression. In posture, facial expressions, gestures, speech - superiority. The particular danger of this emotion is that it is “cold”: aggression is carried out calmly, in cold blood. But if something planned in a given ES does not work out for a person, then anger may flare up, and the combination of these two emotions gives rise to a greater destructive orientation. If this person notices even a drop of fear or servility in your behavior, it is unlikely that the situation will be resolved peacefully. It is extremely difficult to “talk” to such an opponent; he mutters his words through clenched teeth, as if doing you a favor by speaking to you at all. The main topic of the conversation can be expressed as follows: what he is doing now undermines his human dignity. If you managed to force such a person to look you in the eyes, and even without contempt - this is your day, consolidate your success! Disgust - also a negative emotion that can stimulate aggression. At the same time, the person looks very specific - as if something disgusting got into his mouth or he smelled an extremely unpleasant odor. The nose wrinkles, the upper lip is pulled up. Sometimes one gets the impression that such a person’s eyes are “crossed.” The pose is detachment, but without superiority. Try to determine as quickly as possible what is causing this emotion. It is best to ask directly: “Am I somehow disgusted by you?” It is quite possible that this emotion does not concern you personally or is caused by the negative information the enemy has about you. Sometimes bringing clarity in itself dramatically reduces the level of aggressiveness in the ES. In any ES, a lot depends on your ability keep composure, since under this condition an adequate assessment of what is happening with subsequent successful implementation of the decisions made is possible. There are many techniques that allow you to manage your condition. Some take years to master, others take months of systematic training. Let's look at some not indisputable, but in practice very effective express methods of relaxation that do not require much effort, special education or a long time. When ES occurs, look up, taking a full, deep breath, and then, lowering your eyes to the level of the horizon, smoothly exhale the air, while simultaneously relaxing all the “tight” muscles. You can relax your muscles only by regulating your breathing. A few even breaths and exhalations and you are calm. You can train this ability in stressful situations, in which this technique helps very well. The next group of tricks:
A few more general comments. If you are confident that you can provide physical resistance to the enemy using ES, act. However, under a plausible pretext, reduce the distance to the enemy, if any, or distract his attention, for example, by carefully peering behind his back or waving your hand invitingly in the same direction, which will certainly cause a reflexive turn of his head. This is your chance. Well, as for whether it is worth waiting for a real attack in order to successfully repel it, here is one of the rules of the times of Peter I for thought: “But you should not wait for the first blow, since it may turn out to be such that you will forget to resist very much.” A positive exit from the ES is also possible if one is aware of the enemy’s physical superiority. You begin to actively and loudly attract the attention of others (call for help, whistle, shout: “Fire!”, etc., etc.). There is no need to be shy here. Such actions can paralyze the enemy’s activity for some time, or even force him to abandon further actions. In conclusion, I would like to note the inexhaustibility of the topic of behavior in ES, and also wish you not to find yourself in these situations, so that you do not need to apply this knowledge. But life, as a rule, is more complex than schemes and more varied than our expectations, so, regardless of whether you have completed a special training course on survival in ES, remember and never forget behavior algorithm: 1) before deciding something, analyze the situation in which you find yourself; 2) try, as far as possible, to diagnose the ES partner; 3) put yourself in a state that will allow you not only to think, but also to act, and not only to act, but also to think. Authors: Aizman R.I., Krivoshchekov S.G.
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