Rules of conduct in conditions of autonomous existence. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Rules of conduct in conditions of autonomous existence in winter. Basics of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

There are a few simple rules to follow when going to winter travel. If you are not completely confident in your abilities, doubt the quality of the equipment or the weather for the next few days, it is better to postpone the trip to a later date.

It is impossible to go on a risky journey without learning how to make a fire in the most unfavorable conditions, without having built several "training" snow shelters with your own hands, without spending the night in them. Well, of course, it is categorically unacceptable to go on an "assault on the polar heights" without testing yourself in two or three easier trips.

In tents, clothes, equipment that you have to take with you, a double supply "for cold" should be structurally laid. Assuming to meet ten-degree frosts on the route, it is necessary to prepare for twenty-degree frosts. Here it is better to err on the big side.

Tents, fuel, food and other vital items of equipment should be evenly distributed among the members of the entire group. It is extremely dangerous to carry two or three tents or the entire food supply in one backpack. The accidental loss of it can put the group in a critical position.

Warm linen, sleeping bags are personal property, they must be carried by everyone in their backpack, not transferring to each other.

Each member of the group should have a small emergency kit with them, which includes: enhanced burning matches ("hunting", "windproof", etc.), a piece of candle or other combustible material, a small piece of plastic wrap, some food, in polar regions - a lightweight hacksaw or a long knife. Moreover, if it is permissible to carry large items in a backpack, but in a place where they can be quickly removed if necessary, then matches and a candle should always be carried with you, for example, sewn into the inner pocket of a windbreaker.

During the trip, you must constantly remember and strictly follow the rules for passing difficult sections, organizing a bivouac. It is impossible to change your initial decisions without extreme necessity, it is categorically unacceptable to hope for a chance!

It is also unacceptable to divide the group into two or more independent subgroups. There are few examples when the division of the group justified itself. In the overwhelming majority of cases, this only exacerbated the gravity of the situation.

While traveling, keep an eye on changes in the weather by listening to weather reports or observing the surrounding nature. Find out from the local population signs of approaching bad weather.

It should not be assumed that people freeze only "somewhere out there" - in the far North or on mountain peaks. Nothing of the kind, a considerable number of victims are collected precisely by suburban forests and even parks. Proximity alone does not guarantee safety. The cold is equally merciless everywhere. Minus thirty - minus thirty everywhere! Therefore, one should not neglect extra clothes and turn away from the offered sandwiches or a thermos with hot tea.

You can not build new roads, cut corners, trying to shorten the path, you must remember: the straight road is not always the shortest. If people have laid a ski track, then there are reasons for that.

You can not travel through the forest at dusk. It is necessary to be prepared for the fact that the weather will worsen, and the ski track will skid. Therefore, it is necessary to "tie" your route to "eternal" landmarks - rocks, single trees, blockages, accumulations of stones, etc.

You cannot walk alone. The fact that the city is one or two kilometers away does not save a person who has broken his leg or lost consciousness as a result of a heart attack. It is necessary to return immediately as soon as a person feels unwell or very tired.

In cold weather, especially with strong wind, it is necessary to constantly monitor your condition, avoiding general or local hypothermia. It is necessary to rub open areas of the skin that are directly exposed to low temperatures and wind, and warm the frozen limbs by all available means - rubbing, heating on the body, wide swings, etc.

Authors: Ivanyukov M.I., Alekseev V.S.

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