Budget law. Government debt of the Russian Federation (most important)

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Budget law. Government debt of the Russian Federation (most important)

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16. Public debt of the Russian Federation

State debt of the Russian Federation its obligations to individuals and legal entities, foreign states, international organizations and other subjects of international law are recognized, including obligations under state guarantees provided by the Russian Federation. The Russian Federation acts as a borrower of funds on the terms of repayment and compensation. Borrowed funds must be returned by the state to the population, business entities, other lenders within a certain period and on the conditions specified in the contract (agreement). The state debt of the Russian Federation is fully secured by all federally owned property constituting the state treasury (Article 97 of the RF BC).

External public debt - this is the state's debt for outstanding external loans and unpaid interest on them. It consists of the debt of a given state to international and state banks, governments, private foreign banks, etc.

Domestic public debt - this is the internal debt of the state to organizations, enterprises and the population, formed in connection with the attraction of their funds for the implementation of government programs and orders, the issuance of paper money, government bonds and other government securities, as well as due to the presence of deposits of the population in state banks.

According to Art. 98 BC RF The state debt of the Russian Federation exists in the following forms:

1) credit agreements (contracts) with credit organizations, foreign states and international financial organizations;

2) government loans made by issuing securities on behalf of the Russian Federation;

3) contracts and agreements on the receipt by the Russian Federation of budgetary loans from the budgets of other levels of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation;

4) agreements on the provision of state guarantees by the Russian Federation;

5) agreements and agreements on the prolongation and restructuring of the debt obligations of the Russian Federation of previous years.

The composition of the external public debt of the Russian Federation includes:

1) the volume of obligations under the state guarantees of the Russian Federation;

2) the amount of principal debt on loans from foreign governments, credit institutions, firms and international financial organizations received by the Russian Federation.

The composition of the internal public debt of the Russian Federation includes:

1) the principal nominal amount of the debt on government securities of the Russian Federation;

2) the amount of principal debt on loans received by the Russian Federation;

3) the amount of principal debt on budget loans received by the Russian Federation from budgets of other levels;

4) the volume of obligations under state guarantees provided by the Russian Federation.

By maturity, the debt obligations of the Russian Federation are classified into short term (up to 1 year), medium term (from 1 year to 5 years) and long-term (over 5 years). The maturity limit for Russian debt obligations is 30 years. At the same time, the RF BC contains a ban on changing the terms of a state loan put into circulation, including the terms of payment and the amount of interest payments, as well as the term of circulation.

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