Water lift. Drawing, description

TOOLS AND MECHANISMS FOR AGRICULTURE
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Water lift. Drawing, description

Tools and mechanisms for agriculture

Directory / Tools and mechanisms for agriculture

There is nothing remarkable externally water tower. It has been supplying villagers with spring water for many years. However, coming closer, you will not hear the usual noise of the water pump - it is not here! And although the source is located much lower than the level of the upper tank, the water constantly, only with short breaks, rises up! Isn't it a miracle? No, I just managed to invent and test in practice the original hydraulic installation, which uses ... the energy of the source itself to raise water.

A simple water supply system in rural areas: an electric pump supplies water to a pressure tank, from where it goes to consumers. But electricity for lifting water is often generated by local hydroelectric power plants by converting the pressure of a moving stream. So, in this case, is it possible to do without the help of electricity at all, forcing only the source of water itself to work - a stream, a spring? This can be done using a simple hydraulic installation that operates on the principle of a kind of "swing": the discharge of a certain amount of water ensures that part of it rises to a certain height above the source.

The device of a non-motorized automatic water lift is shown in Figure 1. Its main parts are: a water tank, a source well, pressure and air sealed tanks with valve mechanisms and connecting pipes.

The water from the spring fills the well. As soon as its level reaches the inlet of the connecting pipe 9, it begins to flow into the pressure tank. When it is full, the level in the well will rise to the cutoff pipe 8 and water will flow into the air tank. The pressure of the air compressed there is transmitted through pipe 2 to the pressure tank, and since the height H] is greater than HXNUMX by the amount of pressure loss due to resistance in the pipes, water from there will rise into the pressure tank. The reverse flow of water from the pressure tank to the well will be prevented by the closed check valve A.

Rice. 1. Scheme of the water lift: 1 - air tank, 2 - air pipe, 3 - pressure tank, 4 - well, 5 - spring, 6 - water tank, 7 - pressure pipe, 8 - pressure pipe, 9 - connecting pipe; A, B - pressure tank valves

The water supply to the water tank will continue until the air tank is filled with water. At the same time, its valve mechanism will work and water will go into the drain hole. Then the work cycle is repeated.

The valve mechanism of the air tank (Fig. 2) works as follows. The water flowing through pipe 3, displacing air into the pressure tank, fills the air tank .. Having risen in it to the upper level of the cylinder, the water will raise the float 10, which will close the valve 13, blocking access to the glass of the float 2. It can enter it only through the upper glass cut - when all the air is forced into the pressure tank. When filling the glass, the float with its levers will open the air and drain valves, communicating the pressure tank with the atmosphere, and the air one with the drain pipe 14. The valves will remain open until the tank is empty. And only when the water flows out of the cylinder 12 through a small hole 11, the float 10 will open the drain valve 13 of the glass with its lever. Float 2 will lower, close valves 8 and 15 - the tank is ready for operation again.

water lift
Rice. 2. Air tank valve mechanism: 1 - glass, 2 - float, 3 - pressure pipe, 4 - air pipe, 5, 6, 7 - float levers, 8 - air valve, 9 - lever, 10 - float, 11 - cylinder , 12 - bypass, 13 - valve, 14 - drain pipe, 15 - drain valve

The performance of such a water lift depends on the flow rate of the source, the height of the water rise, and the diameter of the pipes. The operating installation with a water drop H1 = 8,2 m and a head H2 = 7 m has a capacity of 21 liters of water per day. One tank charging cycle takes 312 minutes and delivers 15 liters to the water tower, draining 222 liters from the air.

The plant is simple in design and can be made from available materials in small machine shops. Reliability, non-failure operation and autonomy make it possible to operate such a water lift far from power lines, use it to create artificial reservoirs, irrigation systems, and other household needs. Thanks to the automatic mode, the system can work for a long time without human supervision.

The diagram shows only one version of such an installation, operating on the principle of a hydraulic compressor. To obtain a greater pressure, the system can be made two-stage: with a sequential rise of water in two pressure tanks. The lack of hydraulic connection between the air and pressure tank allows the unit to operate on two sources of water, when, for example, a clean spring has a small capacity, and a swift mountain stream flowing nearby is unsuitable for drinking. Then spring water can only flow into the pressure tank, and from the stream - into the air tank, creating the necessary pressure in the system.

Author: L.Cherepnov

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