Which continent has the largest population of wild camels? Detailed answer

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Which continent has the largest population of wild camels? Detailed answer

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Which continent has the largest population of wild camels?

Australia has the largest population of wild camels - about 300 thousand individuals, where they were brought in the 19th century. It even exports both the animals themselves and camel meat to the Middle East.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

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Which of the Lucas and why was awarded an Oscar?

The creator of the Star Wars and Indiana Jones franchises, George Lucas, has not received a single Oscar. His wife Marcia won this award for Best Editing for her work on the fourth episode of Star Wars.

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A new value for the upper limit of the neutrino mass has been established 23.12.2019

An international team of researchers using a new highly sensitive spectrometer has found a new upper limit on the mass of elusive neutrino particles. Until recently, it was believed that neutrino particles do not have mass at all, but the results of some studies indicate the fallacy of such a judgment. And, of course, the next logical step should be to determine this mass, and this is done by gradually narrowing the range between the upper and lower limits of this value.

Scientists have long been able to find evidence that the mysterious neutrino particles exist in reality, their number, according to assumptions, is a billion times greater than the number of atoms in the universe. However, despite such an abundance of these particles, scientists have only made limited progress in studying their properties. And these properties must include a lot for our understanding of the physics of processes occurring at the smallest level.

Let us return to the measurement of the neutrino mass. There are currently three different methods for this. The first method uses the analysis of cosmic microwave background radiation, the second method is looking for very rare cases of neutrinoless double beta decay of certain elementary particles, and the third method is to try to directly measure the neutrino mass in exotic ways that do not rely on any of the existing theoretical models.

It is this third method of measuring the neutrino mass that was used by scientists working in the framework of the KATRIN (Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino Experiment) experiment conducted by researchers from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in Germany. The key instrument of this experiment is a huge 200-ton electron spectrometer, which is used to study the decay of tritium, a radioactive isotope of hydrogen. When tritium decays, it creates a single electron and a neutrino at the same time. Knowing the initial energy of tritium and measuring the energy of this electron using a highly sensitive spectrometer makes it possible to calculate the neutrino mass with a sufficiently high accuracy, exceeding the accuracy of previous similar measurements.

The data collected during the experiment indicated that the value of the upper limit of the neutrino mass is 1.1 electron volts, which is approximately half of the value previously determined. And this, one might say, is a very small mass, which is 500 thousand times less than the mass of an electron, which also cannot be called a large and heavy particle.

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