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What language is taught in music schools? Detailed answer

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What language is taught in music schools?

Traditional Italian. Italy is the birthplace of a beautiful and easy-sounding style of singing - bel canto. All inscriptions on the scores relating to the peculiarities of the performance of a particular work are made in Italian.

Author: Mendeleev V.A.

 Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What color is the universe?

a) Black with silver dots.
b) Silver with black dots.
c) Pale green.
d) Beige.

Officially, the universe is beige.

In 2002, after analyzing the light from 200 galaxies collected by Australian specialists as part of the Redshift Galactic Mapping project, American scientists from Johns Hopkins University concluded that the color of the universe is pale green. If we take the Dulax palette of colors as a basis, then this color will be somewhere between "Mexican mint", "jade cluster" and "Shangri-La silk".

True, within a few weeks after the report to the American Astronomical Society, scientists had to admit that an unfortunate error had crept into their calculations and that in fact the color of the Universe was closer to some dull shades of gray-brown.

Back in the XNUMXth century, the greatest and most inquisitive minds pondered the question: why is the sky dark at night? After all, if the Universe is infinite and an infinite number of stars are evenly scattered in its space, then everywhere you look, there will definitely be some kind of star, which means that the night sky should be as bright as during the day.

In science, this riddle is known as the "photometric paradox of Olbers" - in honor of the German astronomer Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers, who described (but not the first in history) this mysterious phenomenon in 1826.

However, until today no one has found a truly convincing answer to this question. Perhaps the number of stars in the Universe is still finite, or maybe the light from the most distant stars simply has not reached us yet. Olbers solved the problem in his own way: in his opinion, not all stars shone in the distant past, and one fine day something nevertheless "turned on" them.

Edgar Allan Poe, in his prophetic poem Eureka (1848), was the first to suggest that light from the most distant stars is still on its way to us.

In 2003, an interesting experiment was carried out: the wide-angle camera of the Hubble Space Telescope photographed a section of the night sky that seemed to be the most empty. The effective exposure of the image was one million seconds (about eleven days).

The resulting image showed tens of thousands of hitherto unknown galaxies, each consisting of hundreds of millions of stars disappearing into the far reaches of space.

 Test your knowledge! Did you know...

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Random news from the Archive

Li-ion solid electrolyte transistor 22.11.2020

One of the hottest areas of applied physics, spintronics, deals with devices that use the spin of electrons to perform useful functions. However, measuring this fundamental quantum property and, in general, manipulating it remains a difficult task.

The results of the study, undertaken by a team of scientists from the University of Tokyo and the National Institute of Materials Science (NIMS), should help address some of the limitations of current spintronic devices, such as excessive power consumption, low operating temperatures, and the need for rare and expensive materials.

Japanese engineers have presented a simple yet effective strategy for changing the angle of magnetization in a typical ferromagnetic material, magnetite (Fe3O4).

The team was able to design a redox (redox) transistor containing a thin film of magnetite on magnesium oxide and a solid lithium silicate electrolyte with a micro-zirconium addition. The introduction of lithium ions into a solid electrolyte made it possible to achieve rotation of the magnetization angle at room temperature and significantly change the density of electron carriers. This rotation of the magnetization is caused by a change in the spin-orbit coupling due to the injection of electrons into the ferromagnet.

Unlike previous attempts to control the angle of magnetization, which used strong external magnetic fields or spin currents, the new approach is based on a reversible electrochemical reaction. After applying an external voltage, lithium ions migrate from the top electrode (lithium cobalt oxide) through the electrolyte into the magnetite layer. The ions are introduced into the structure of this material, forming the compound LixFe3O4 and cause a noticeable rotation of its magnetization angle due to changes in charge carriers.

Using this effect, it was possible in experiments to reversibly change the magnetization angle by about 10°. The authors were able, by increasing the voltage, to turn the magnetization even by 56°, however, such changes were no longer completely reversible due to distortions of the crystal structure caused by its supersaturation with lithium ions.

The resulting device has a relatively simple design, it is easy to manufacture industrially. The ability to control the magnetization at room temperature significantly brings the appearance of economical spintronic equipment for a wide range of practical problems closer.

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