Who was the first king of England? Detailed answer

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Who was the first king of England? Detailed answer

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Who was the first king of England?

Grandson of Alfred the Great.

King Æthelstan (924-939) was the first true "King of All England". His grandfather, Alfred the Great, was only the King of Wessex, even though he called himself - somewhat optimistically - "King of all the English". When Alfred took the throne, England was still five separate kingdoms. During the life of Alfred, Cornwall was annexed to his possessions, but Mercia, Northumbria and East Anglia surrendered to the Viking conquerors.

After one of the battles with the Danes, Alfred was forced to hide in the dense forests of Somerset (where he did not burn any cakes). Alfred subsequently resumed hostilities against the Danes and eventually reclaimed his old kingdom, making peace after a brilliant victory over the Viking commander Guthrum at Ellington in 878. However, at the same time, it is not clear why, Alfred gave the enemy half of the country (its entire part east of the border between London and Chester). From that moment on, it was called "Danelo", or "territory of Danish law". In response to this concession, Guthrum agreed to convert to Christianity.

Alfred sought to ensure that none of the Scandinavian invaders could no longer easily raid his kingdom, and immediately set about creating a whole network of fortress cities to protect his territory.

The plan worked. By the time of his grandson's accession to the throne, Wessex's control over all of England was fully secured. At the Battle of Brunanbur in 937, Æthelstan utterly defeated the armies of the kings of Scotland, Strathclyde, and Dublin and established an Anglo-Saxon kingdom in England.

No one can still say exactly where the Brunanbur was located. The most plausible version seems to be Tinsley Wood, near Sheffield.

The last king of "England" - that is, the last who ruled only England and nothing else - was Harold Godwinson, or Harold II. His successor William was no longer just the King of England, but also the Duke of Normandy, so that until 1558, when Calais was finally surrendered to the French, the English crown controlled a very large part of France.

Author: John Lloyd, John Mitchinson

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How many times is the temperature of a thermonuclear reaction higher than the temperature of the visible surface of the Sun?

The temperature of the visible surface of the Sun is about 6 thousand degrees Kelvin. In the center of the Sun, where a thermonuclear reaction takes place (the transformation of hydrogen nuclei into helium), the temperature, according to modern concepts, reaches values of about 15 million degrees.

Thus, the temperature of a thermonuclear reaction is approximately 2,5 thousand times higher than the temperature of the visible surface of the Sun.

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