What vitamins do we need? Detailed answer

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What vitamins do we need? Detailed answer

Big encyclopedia for children and adults

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What vitamins do we need?

The answer to this question is quite simple: we all need them. If the body does not receive any vitamin, a special pathological condition develops, called deficiency disease (avitaminosis). Vitamins have a different chemical structure, but they are all substances that the body itself cannot produce, although it really needs them.

Thus, vitamins are vital for the normal functioning of the body and therefore must be regularly supplied to it along with food. This is how different vitamins affect us.

Vitamin А necessary for the normal growth of the body, for vision, for the normal nutrition of the skin and mucous membranes (eyes, respiratory tract, etc.). It is found in milk and dairy products, eggs, liver, fruits and vegetables.

Vitamin V1 (thiamine) ensures the proper absorption of carbohydrates by the body and is necessary for the functioning of the nervous system. It is found in whole grain bread, milk, vegetables, beans, nuts, and pork.

Vitamin С prevents scurvy and is essential for teeth, gums and blood vessels. It is extracted from fresh fruits and vegetables.

Vitamin called niacin, or a nicotinic acid, is necessary to prevent a dangerous disease called pellagra, which causes great suffering to people who receive less of it in food. It is found in meat, vegetables and whole grain cereals.

Vitamin D prevents rickets. It is formed in the body under the influence that sunlight has on the skin. This vitamin is currently synthesized artificially and is often added to the milk we buy in the store.

Scientists have also isolated other vitamins, for example Е, К и riboflavin. Each of them performs a specific role in ensuring the normal functioning of the body. That is why a person needs a balanced diet that provides them with all the vitamins.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How many aggregate states does a substance have?

Three - what could be easier? Solid, liquid or gaseous?

In fact, there are at least fifteen of them, and the list continues to grow almost every day.

Here are our latest "best efforts":

Solid, amorphous solid, liquid, gaseous, plasma, superfluid, supersolid, degenerate matter, neutronium, strongly symmetric matter, weakly symmetric matter, quark-gluon plasma, fermion condensate, Bose-Einstein condensate and strange matter.

If you do not go into incomprehensible (and for most of us, absolutely unnecessary) details, one of the most amusing aggregate states of matter is the Bose-Einstein condensate.

Bose-Einstein condensate (often referred to as "Bose condensate", or simply "back") occurs when you cool a chemical element to extremely low temperatures (usually just above absolute zero, minus 273 degrees Celsius). , is the theoretical temperature at which everything stops moving).

This is where strange things begin to happen to the substance. Processes normally seen only at the atomic level are now taking place on scales large enough to be observed with the naked eye. For example, if you place a "back" in a beaker and provide the desired temperature, the substance will begin to crawl up the wall and eventually get out on its own.

Apparently, here we are dealing with a futile attempt by the substance to lower its own energy (which is already at the lowest of all possible levels).

The theoretical possibility of the existence of a Bose condensate was predicted by Albert Einstein back in 1925, after studying the work of Shatyendranath Bose, but it was only possible to obtain it experimentally in 1995 in America - for this work, its creators were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001. The very same manuscript of Einstein, considered lost, was discovered only in 2005.

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