Why are we fooling everyone on April 1st? Detailed answer

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Why are we fooling everyone on April 1st? Detailed answer

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Why are we fooling everyone on April 1st?

The origins of some traditions, customs, holidays are difficult to trace. We try and fail to explain where they came from. The origin of the April Fool's tradition is explained in different ways. A similar day exists in almost all parts of the world. On this day, they make fun of friends and acquaintances, sending them on stupid assignments or forcing them to do stupid things.

It is believed that this tradition comes from France. When the calendar was changed, the first country to adopt it was France. Charles IX ordered in 1564 that the year should begin on 1 January. And before that, the New Year holidays and the change of year were associated with April 1. After Charles introduced this decree, the New Year began to be celebrated on January 1st.

But there were people who resisted such a change and refused to follow it. The others laughed at this. They did it in the following way: they sent joking gifts, came to visit them, invited them to their place so that, jokingly, they would all celebrate the arrival of the New Year together - and all this on April 1. In other words, it was the April Fools who celebrated the arrival of the New Year on April 1st. So, the custom of fooling someone on this day began with comic gifts and comic congratulations of these people.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Who organized the first zoo?

A zoo is a place where various animals are kept and shown. Why do we keep animals in zoos? The main reason is that everyone is interested in animals. Another purpose of zoos is to enable scientists to study the life of animals. The first known zoo in history appeared a very long time ago, in 1150 BC. e., by order of the Chinese emperor, and there were many animals, birds, fish in it. Although it was somewhat similar to our current zoos, there is still one very big difference.

Apparently, it was closed to the general public, and served only for the entertainment of the emperor and his courtiers. Since the organization and maintenance of the zoo costs a lot of money, in the old days only kings and wealthy lords were engaged in this. Many of them had collections of rare birds, fish, and all kinds of animals.

The first public zoo in the world opened in Paris in 1793. It was the famous Jardin de Plan. Animals were kept here, there was a museum, a botanical garden. The next major zoo was opened in 1829 in Regent's Park in London.

It was followed by the Berlin Zoo, opened in 1844, which became one of the best and most beautiful in the world. We have many zoos in England. The Whipsnade Zoo in Bedfordshire is home to animals from all over the world, roaming freely throughout the picturesque area. The fences here are used only for security. Two more famous zoos are located in Bristol and Edinburgh.

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Created Pure Red LEDs 14.05.2020

Electrical engineers from the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology have created pure red LEDs.

Creating pure red LEDs from nitride crystals is a task that has so far frustrated engineers. However, these LEDs are vital for creating the next generation of energy-saving micro LED displays to match OLEDs and for creating color customizable lighting.

"Electrical engineers can already make bright LEDs from different materials to produce different colors. But to improve display technologies, engineers must integrate the three primary color LEDs - red, green and blue - into a single chip," explains electrical engineer Daisuke Iida. This means that they need to find one material that is suitable for making all three colors. The material must be able to reproduce each color with high intensity and ideally it should have a high power output but use a relatively small battery voltage.

The best candidates for creating all three colors are a family of compounds called nitride semiconductors. These are nitrogen-containing crystals that could theoretically be used to create LEDs that emit light at wavelengths ranging from ultraviolet to infrared, which includes the entire visible spectrum. Engineers usually use gallium nitride to make blue and green LEDs, but it took them a very long time to make bright red LEDs with this die. "Red light was almost impossible to achieve, other groups were only able to achieve orange," said Kazuhiro Okawa, head of the research team. "Now we have developed a crystal growth system to create pure red LEDs."

Replacing a large portion of gallium with indium gives the desired red color, but this is difficult to do because indium readily evaporates from the crystal. So Iida, Okawa and colleagues designed a reactor with additional indium vapor above the crystal surface, a process known as organometallic vapor deposition. This added pressure prevents the indium from escaping in the crystal. "This gives us a higher concentration of indium on the surface," says Okawa. "It's our secret!"

But there was another hurdle to overcome. Indium is made up of larger atoms than gallium, so when it is injected, it creates defects in the crystal, degrading the quality of the output light. The team's challenge was to add aluminum, which has small atoms. "The introduction of small atoms reduces the load on the crystal, which leads to a decrease in the number of crystal defects," says Iida.

"Another advantage is that LEDs run at about half the voltage of their competitors," says Okawa. "This will extend battery life."

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