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BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
What are pigeons? Detailed answer
Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? What are pigeons? Pigeons are found in all areas with tropical and temperate climates. There are more than 300 varieties of this bird, but only a few of them are found in the UK. One of the most interesting species is the postman, or carrier pigeon. If you let him go free, then his instinct will always lead him to his native dovecote. This allows you to use it as a postman to transmit various messages, and a person has long used this feature of the bird. Did you know that some Roman emperors used carrier pigeons to keep in touch with their troops on the battlefield? And in the twelfth century, the Sultan of Baghdad established a regular postal message with the help of pigeons! In our time, they find their greatest use, perhaps, during wars and were able to come in handy when sending correspondence even during the Second World War. Americans have a curious and unfortunate experience with one type of pigeon, the passenger pigeon. This bird was once found throughout North America. In colonial times, passenger pigeons were found in such numbers that the trees bent under their weight. Up to 100 nests of this dove could be counted on one tree. When the flock rose, a sound was heard, as during a tornado, and the sky darkened. It is hard to believe that a bird that existed in such huge numbers could ever disappear, but that is exactly what happened. Birds were shot, killed with sticks, caught with nets and sold in heaps in the markets. Year after year, during three centuries of uninterrupted hunting, their flocks became smaller and smaller. Eventually, in 1914, the last bird in captivity died in Cincinnati, Ohio. The passenger pigeon had a length of 40 centimeters, and the plumage was gray-blue. The weeping pigeon, which is almost a foot long, has a very mournful voice and resembles the extinct passenger pigeon so much that they are often confused. By the way, pigeons are not such good-natured birds. They often fight during the mating season, angrily bumping into each other. Author: Likum A.
Who Invented Brands? Have you ever wondered why they are called "postage stamps"? To answer this question, we need to go back to the old days, when parcels and letters were carried across the country by relay. Stations where one messenger passed mail to the next were called "posts" ("post"). Accordingly, the English word "postage" meant the postal service. The word "stamp" (English "stamp" - print) comes from the way the letters were sealed. Wax was dripped onto the letter and, before it had time to harden, they made an impression of a seal or a ring on it. This established the identity of the sender of the letter. The idea of using stamps for the delivery of correspondence was first proposed in the 30s by the Englishman Roland Hill. He believed that with the introduction of stamps, the volume of postal correspondence would increase sharply, which means that the income of the state would increase. He also proposed big innovations related to the price of sending letters. Until that time, the price of sending a letter depended on the number of sheets in the letter and the distance to which it was sent. The further the letter went, the higher was the price of its forwarding for each sheet. Hill proposed a standard mailing rate based on weight alone. The distance it traveled was not to be taken into account. The first country to use postage stamps in 1840 was Great Britain. From here, this idea spread very quickly to other countries, in particular Switzerland, where postage stamps were introduced in Zurich and Geneva. The country that did this first in the Western Hemisphere was not the United States, but Brazil! There, stamps were issued in 1843, and the United States followed suit in 1847. In fact, however, some local postmasters and private American letter forwarders issued their own stamps from 1842 until the government took over this function.
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