How did prisons originate? Detailed answer

BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
Free library / Directory / Big encyclopedia for children and adults

How did prisons originate? Detailed answer

Big encyclopedia for children and adults

Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education

Did you know?

How did prisons originate?

We used to think that a prison is a place where people who break the law are kept locked up. But in ancient times things were different.

Centuries ago, titled persons and important political figures were often captured and kept in prison in retaliation for some deed, or until they paid a ransom. It was not until the early XNUMXth century that prisons began to be used to punish and correct people who had committed wrongdoings.

Until that time, people who broke the law were kept in prisons only until the trial. After the trial, the sentence was immediately carried out. The criminals did not have to serve their sentences in prison. The guilty were either executed, or flogged, or subjected to other corporal punishment, or fined.

Gradually, people realized that cruelty cannot prevent crime. As a result, imprisonment has replaced execution and corporal punishment.

In Great Britain and other European countries in 1550 "workhouses" and "houses of correction" began to appear. Beggars, vagabonds, debtors, revelers and other people who committed minor offenses were kept in these places.

In those days, those who committed more serious crimes were also kept there. But "workhouses" were unsuitable for holding criminals serving long sentences, so prisons began to be created where such people would be guarded more carefully.

Most prisons were completely unsuitable for keeping people: they were dirty, dark and cold. The food and medical care was terrible. In one cell, old people and young, seasoned criminals and those who went to prison for the first time sat together. There were no correctional programs, no work: the criminals were sitting idle.

At the end of the XNUMXth century, people began to insist that prison conditions be improved. Since that time, prisons have changed a lot, and today many people are convinced that the prison should help prisoners get on the right path. Now there are programs that provide them with jobs, medical and psychological care, and education.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is the connection between the SQL code airport and the nearby Oracle headquarters?

According to the international classification, the airport of the town of San Carlos in California has the SQL code. Some IT professionals believe that this has something to do with the headquarters of the Oracle Corporation, located in the nearby city of Redwood City, known for the production of software for working with databases (SQL is the most famous database query language). However, the airport had this code long before the formation of Oracle, so this circumstance is explained by a mere coincidence.

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

▪ What is the nitrogen cycle?

▪ Do leeches suck bad blood?

▪ Why don't American theater orchestras play the national march?

See other articles Section Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive

The cost of automotive electronics is on the rise 26.06.2017

Every high-tech car in 2022 will be equipped with electronics worth over $6000, according to Luca De Ambroggi, senior analyst at IHS Markit. This will lead to the fact that in five years the automotive electronics market will reach $ 160 billion. At the same time, the supply of semiconductors for the automotive industry will grow by 7%, electronic devices in general - by 4,5%, and the cars themselves - by 2,4%.

Speaking about the most notable trends in the automotive electronics market, Luca De Ambrogi predicted a move away from traditional CAN bus architectures towards more advanced standards that handle more complex data, share it and increase security.

The development of artificial intelligence, according to the analyst, will allow the design of fully self-driving vehicles. But at the same time, it will take several more years for autopilot technology to meet safety, performance and cost requirements. For example, "smart" systems will have to go beyond object recognition and learn to predict events. Now, according to the expert, even speech recognition technologies used in on-board infotainment systems need to be improved.

However, by 2025, according to IHS Markit, lidars will become standard automotive equipment, which will increase the demand for them to 35 million devices per year. By increasing the complexity of driver assistance systems, their cost will double, but the price of simple all-round cameras, on the contrary, will be halved.

Other interesting news:

▪ SilverStone ECU01 expansion card will add 4 USB 3.0 ports

▪ The energy of an electron entering water was measured

▪ New exotic state of matter discovered

▪ Biodegradable plastic from cotton waste

▪ Moving solar panels are 30% more efficient than stationary ones

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Electronic directories. Article selection

▪ article Who knows how, he does, who does not know how, he teaches (others). Popular expression

▪ How many surnames are there in South Korea? Detailed answer

▪ article Work on phototypesetting equipment. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ article Artificial horn. Simple recipes and tips

▪ article Formulas for calculating transformers. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews