artificial horn. simple recipes

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FACTORY TECHNOLOGIES AT HOME - SIMPLE RECIPES
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artificial horn. Simple recipes and tips

Factory technologies - simple recipes

Directory / Factory technology at home - simple recipes

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Imitation horn achieved by various ornamental masses. Celluloid, artificial resin masses, cellulose acetate, galalite, etc. are widely used for imitation of horn. Here we present only those methods for obtaining imitations in which the indicated masses are not the starting material.

For the production of horn-like masses, a good material is the waste of natural horn in the form of horn shavings and sawdust. This material is obtained as waste from the mechanical processing of the horn and can be used to obtain a mass suitable for molding. At the same time, it is necessary to distinguish between artificial masses containing natural horn, which are a real imitation of horn, and those masses that contain natural horn, but are not imitation horn, since they do not look like horn in appearance. These last masses may be of high quality and serve different purposes.

The main point in obtaining masses from horny waste is the softening of the horny substance. This softening is achieved by swelling the horn in a cold saturated solution of boric acid, to which is added an equal amount of a saturated solution of arsenic anhydride in diluted hydrochloric acid. Horny waste is treated with this composition for 6 hours, after which the temperature is raised to 60 °C, at which temperature the material is left for another hour. When the mass becomes soft enough during this treatment, it is quickly washed in warm water, kneaded well and molded in hydraulic presses at a temperature of 120 ° C. Filling substances can be added to the mass.

To soften horn waste, you can also use caustic alkalis. According to this method, horn waste is added to a mixture of lime milk and potash solution (this produces caustic potassium). In this mixture, the horny substance gradually softens into a gelatinous mass. If this state is reached, then the mass is washed and, after removing excess water, it is pre-pressed at a temperature of approximately 70-80 °C to remove residual moisture. Then they are pressed again at a temperature of about 120 °C.

There are other ways to soften horn waste. Some people practice softening with high-pressure water steam. According to one of the methods, softening of the keratin substance (horny waste, hair, etc.) is achieved by treatment with dilute mineral acids at a highest temperature of 70 ° C and subsequent treatment with solutions of caustic alkalis until softening or complete dissolution. Further processing is the same as in the previous case.

In another method, horn waste is treated with phenol or aniline and then various binders (glue, casein, resins, rubber, etc.) and a small amount of glycerin are added to the softened mass. The mass is pressed at a temperature of 120 to 150 °C.

According to the Thompson method, an artificial horn, known as "cornite", can be obtained as follows.

The horn waste is washed, dried and ground into a fine powder. This powder is dyed black with some kind of paint and pressed into sheets in hydraulic presses. Soluble glass can serve as a binder for obtaining masses from horn waste. In this case, 20 wt. hours of bone meal with 25 wt. hours of horn flour. The mixture is stirred well (it is useful to grind again) and kneaded with soluble glass into a mass that can be molded. To this mass, as well as to the others above, it is possible to add filling substances, most often fibrous rock.

Author: Korolev V.A.

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