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The energy of an electron entering water was measured

11.02.2018

Employees of several US research organizations have improved methods for calculating the energy released when an electron hits liquid water. Based on them, they obtained the most accurate estimate of this quantity at the moment. This information will help in the study of chemical reactions occurring in the aquatic environment.

Getting into the water, the electron is captured by it and after some time begins to participate in the chemical reactions taking place in it (in fact, they all represent the transfer of electrons from one molecule to another). This releases some energy. In previous studies, it has tended to be determined largely theoretically. At the same time, computer simulation of the reactions of interaction of electrons with water molecules required large computing power. And the experimental data were extremely incomplete due to the difficulty of measuring this parameter.

The authors of the article under discussion improved the algorithms for calculating the interaction energy of an electron entering water with its molecules and applied new computer models for calculations, and also used some new experimental methods for determining this energy. So they found out that it depends on where the electron falls - into the surface layer of water or into its thickness. In the first case, the energy is 0,8 electron volts, in the second it is noticeably less - from 0,1 to 0,3 electron volts. These values are significantly different from those obtained earlier, in connection with which researchers critically review the existing concepts for their calculation.

The information obtained during the study will help to better understand the dynamics of chemical reactions occurring in the aquatic environment. Water dissolves a huge variety of substances, and most of the studied reactions take place in it. Knowledge of their mechanisms is needed not only for chemical production, but also for biology: almost all chemical processes in living systems take place in liquid water.

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