How did the world originate, according to Homer and the Orphics? Detailed answer

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How did the world originate, according to Homer and the Orphics? Detailed answer

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How did the world originate, according to Homer and the Orphics?

According to the Orphic creation myth, the black-winged Night, responding to the courtship of the Wind, laid a silver egg, from which Eros hatched, which then created the earth, sky, sun and moon. Night settled with him in a cave, manifesting itself in the form of a triad: Night, Order and Justice.

This trinity of goddesses ruled the universe until their scepter passed to Uranus.

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

When did books first appear?

Books as we know them did not appear until the Middle Ages. Papyrus, rolled into tubes, replaced them. Papyrus sheets were glued together and rolled into scrolls. The inhabitants of Rome called them "volyumen": hence the English word "volyum", that is, "volume", came from.

By the middle of the XNUMXth century, papyrus had been supplanted by parchment. It was made from the skin of sheep and goats, and the thinnest parchment was made from calfskin. Text was written on one side, then sheets of the same size were cut and fastened with leather straps. These were the first books, if we can call them that.

But books that even remotely resemble modern ones were first made in the Middle Ages. Four pieces of parchment were folded in half: from each came out, as it were, two sheets. Then they were put one into the other: in total, 8 sheets, or one section, were obtained.

Finished sections were sent to the scribe. He wrote the text. The scribe separated the sheets and worked on each page separately. The parchment was thick enough to write on both sides.

The finished sections were then sent to the binder. He sewed each section with twine along the fold line. Next, wooden covers were prepared. The ends of the twine were threaded through holes in the wood to hold the section and cover together. Then a large piece of leather was glued onto the wooden covers, covering the folds of the sections with it. Finished books were decorated and carefully stored.

Among the first medieval books, the majority were Bibles, sermons and other religious literature. Then came the legal, medical and popular science literature. Historical chronicles and novels came out later. Most books in the Middle Ages were written in Latin.

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REM sleep warms up the brain and saves from hypothermia 22.09.2022

Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles have published a paper in The Lancet providing a new explanation for the role of REM sleep in warm-blooded creatures. The authors of the work believe that it was formed in order to warm up the body and maintain its performance in case of danger.

Scientists have noticed that in nature, warm-blooded creatures with lower body temperatures tend to have longer periods of REM sleep. And in humans and other animals with a higher body temperature, the duration of this phase is usually shorter.

Researchers believe that this ratio is not accidental. During the REM phase, the brain becomes very active, resulting in an increased heart rate and fever. Since REM sleep comes after slow sleep, in which all processes slow down, it is needed to avoid hypothermia, scientists say.

REM sleep can be thought of as a thermostatically controlled heating mechanism for the brain, triggered by a drop in temperature associated with decreased metabolism and energy consumption during non-REM sleep.

It is this reason that can lead to seasonal fluctuations in sleep duration. Even animals that do not hibernate sleep longer in the winter. The same applies to humans: in hunter-gatherer communities, people sleep about an hour longer during the winter months.

To test the hypothesis and learn more about imminent sleep, the researchers want to conduct a series of experiments with animals that only sleep on one hemisphere (like dolphins and fur seals). Such animals do not require additional heating, which means that their lack of REM sleep will confirm the hypothesis.

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