Why is the element promethium named after the titan Prometheus? Detailed answer

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Why is the element promethium named after the titan Prometheus? Detailed answer

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Why is the element promethium named after the titan Prometheus?

The element promethium got its name in memory of the path traveled to master the energy of the atomic nucleus.

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How do we know what is at the center of the earth?

Since scientists (even with the help of instruments) cannot penetrate very deep into the bowels of the Earth, they are forced to use other methods to study its internal content. One of these methods is the study of volcanic eruptions. They eject hot gases and molten rocks to the surface, which indicates that the interior of the Earth is very hot.

Another method is the study of earthquakes. The waves generated during earthquakes create an X-ray image of the Earth's interior. When an earthquake occurs, various types of vibrations propagate in all directions through the rocks. These waves are called seismic waves. They travel through different materials at different speeds, and their direction changes as they go from one type of rock to another.

By studying these waves with very sensitive instruments, scientists can find out what is inside the Earth. They noticed that at a depth of 2880 km there is a sharp change in the direction of seismic waves. Some types of waves change direction, others are completely extinguished. Therefore, at this depth there must be a change in the material. Shock waves from an earthquake reach different seismic stations at different times. This is partly due to the material through which the waves travel. This is another clue to what is inside the Earth.

Here is just a brief answer to the question of what is inside the Earth: the top layer, the crust, is made up of solid rocks. Its thickness is about 48 km under the continents and 5 km under the oceans. Under the crust is the mantle, which also consists of solid rocks. It goes deep into 2880 km. The inner part of the Earth is the core. There is an outer liquid core, mainly composed of molten iron and nickel, inside which is an inner solid metal core, its diameter is about 2560 km.

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New coating changes the properties of glass 15.08.2013

The developed clear coating makes ordinary glass very durable, self-cleaning and incredibly slippery. Glass with such properties is useful everywhere: from smartphone screens to car windows.

Engineers and scientists from Harvard University have created a unique coating based on their own development: a technology for the production of super-slippery porous synthetic films called SLIPS. The new coating is less slippery than older prototypes, but much more durable and completely transparent. This allows you to create useful materials that repel almost all types of dirt and at the same time protect the glass from scratches and do not obstruct your view. Imagine how convenient car windows and mirrors would be, from which water and dirt roll off without stopping. In addition, the new coating can be used to make durable, scratch-resistant eyeglass lenses, self-cleaning windows and solar panels, as well as new medical diagnostic devices.

To create the new SLIPS coating, the researchers placed tiny spherical polystyrene particles on a flat glass surface. Then the particles were filled with liquid glass, up to about half the height of the polystyrene spheres. As the glass solidified, the bursting spherical polystyrene particles formed a honeycomb of an array of tiny craters, which were then filled with a special liquid SLIPS lubricant. The honeycomb structure gives the new coating mechanical strength, and the thin layer of liquid lubricant allows any liquid to easily flow over the glass surface. A similar function is performed by a thin layer of melted water under the blade of a skater's skates.

When developing SLIPS technology, scientists were inspired by the unique features of the carnivorous Sarracenia plant, which lures insects to the surface of the leaves, so slippery that even the prehensile paws of insects cannot hold on to them. Scientists have succeeded in creating a synthetic analogue of the coating of sarracenia leaves, which, unlike previous water-repellent materials, repels even oil and sticky liquids such as honey. The new coating also resists the formation of ice and bacterial biofilms.

Currently, scientists are improving the technology for the production of a new coating, to transfer it to industry. Experiments are also being carried out with the coating of various materials, such as plexiglass, as well as glass products of complex shape.

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