By what deeds did the Viking Thorvald, his son Eirik Raudi and grandson Leif Eirikson enter the history of geographical discoveries? Detailed answer

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By what deeds did the Viking Thorvald, his son Eirik Raudi and grandson Leif Eirikson enter the history of geographical discoveries? Detailed answer

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By what deeds did the Viking Thorvald, his son Eirik Raudi and grandson Leif Eirikson enter the history of geographical discoveries?

The Norwegian family, of which these persons are representatives, has accomplished an outstanding feat: in just three generations it has crossed the entire North Atlantic from end to end.

Thorvald, expelled from Norway in 960 for murder, founded a settlement in Iceland.

His son Eirik Raudi (Eirik the Red), also, by the way, expelled (already from Iceland) for the murder of two of his neighbors, went further west and in 981-983 discovered the islands of Greenland, Disko and Baffin Island, Davis Strait and Cape Baffin. Leif Eirikson (Leif the Happy), the son of Eirik the Red, who inherited from his grandfather and father a passion for sailing to unknown lands, in 1004 crossed the Davis Strait and reached the coast of North America, ahead of Christopher Columbus by almost five centuries.

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How did national anthems originate?

The national anthem is a patriotic song sung or played on official occasions as a special sign of respect for the country. National anthems and patriotic songs serve to unite people in their common hopes and ideals. The origin of many national anthems is unknown. Often the melody was already popular as a folk song when someone wrote a patriotic lyrics to it. Only a small number of melodies were specially written for national anthems.

The most famous is the West German anthem, which was originally written for Austria by the great composer Franz Joseph Haydn. Several older national anthems and patriotic songs have the same tune but different lyrics. Some of them were sung as war songs by opposing armies in the same battle. The British anthem "God Save the Queen" has become the tune for patriotic songs in Denmark, Germany, Russia, Switzerland and all the English-speaking countries of the world.

In the United States, the words "America" are sung to the same tune. The tune "God Save the Queen" was first heard in 1619. It was written by the English composer John Bull, and the first public performance of the national anthem took place on September 28, 1745.

The national anthem of the United States was written during the War of 1812. Francis Scott Kay, a Baltimore lawyer, was on board one of the British ships that attacked Fort McHenry. Kei watched the attack all night. When he saw the American flag flying over the Fort at dawn, he was so excited that he wrote the words "Star Flag" on the back of the envelope. As he was thinking about the melody, an old English song called "To Canakreon in Heaven" came to his mind.

"La Marseillaise" - the French national anthem - was a military song during the French Revolution (1789-1815). The words and music were written by Claude-Joseph Roger de Lille, a French army captain. "La Marseillaise" was adopted as the official national anthem of France in July 1795.

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