Play first violin. Meaning, origin, examples of the use of phraseological units

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Winged words, phraseologism. Meaning, history of origin, examples of use

Winged words, phraseological units

Directory / Winged words, phraseological units

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play first fiddle

Proverbs and sayings

Phraseologism: Play first violin.

Meaning: To be the leading, most influential person in the execution of any business

Origin: The expression arose from the speech of musicians when the first violin played the leading role in the orchestra.

Random phraseology:

Twilight of the Gods.

Meaning:

About the loss of power (strength, influence, etc.) by people who were once fully invested with it (ironic).

Origin:

The title of a book by the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900).

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Random news from the Archive

Selenide phonon 15.12.2015

Thermoelectrics are materials that convert heat into electricity. To do this, it is necessary that one side of such a material be significantly warmer than the other, that is, it must conduct heat poorly, and electricity well. Usually these two properties are related: the higher the thermal conductivity, the higher the conductivity, and vice versa. Tin selenide is considered a promising material among thermoelectrics: both properties of it turned out to be disconnected. Why is not clear.

To unravel this mystery, researchers from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory of the US Department of Energy, led by Oliver Delaret, used a supercomputer to build models, and a neutron source from the Oak Ridge reactor - from the pattern of scattering of neutrons passed through the sample, one can follow the vibrations of the crystal lattice. They are the main ones in this matter: it is the quanta of such vibrations - phonons - that transfer heat in a solid, and electrons are scattered on them.

Usually atoms vibrate harmonically - with equal amplitude in each direction from the lattice site. Such harmonic phonons travel without interaction. But if anharmonicity appears - in one direction with each vibration the atom deviates more strongly than in the other, then the phonons begin to interact and get stuck in each other. As it turned out, tin selenide exhibits very strong anharmonicity of vibrations at temperatures below 810°C: the lattice behaves like accordion bellows. Because of this, phonons quickly get stuck and cannot provide temperature equalization.

Thermoelectrics are the most important material of the 60st century: it is believed that with their help it will be possible not only to create silent, economical refrigerators or elements for utilizing the heat of the Sun, but also to collect those XNUMX% of the heat that devices created by man senselessly dissipate in the environment. The instability of the tin selenide lattice suggests which direction should be taken when optimizing such materials.

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