Pocket sundial. Fun physical experience at home

ENTERTAINING EXPERIENCES AT HOME
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Pocket sundial. Physical experiments

Entertaining experiments in physics

Entertaining experiences at home / Physics experiments for children

Great care is required in the manufacture of pocket sundials, because their dimensions are small. Make the dial diameter the same as in Figure 108, approximately 30-50 mm. Fasten the back wall to the dial board (along line C) with loops, a piece of cloth or oilcloth, firmly attached to the back of the dial and the back wall.

Pocket sundial

The bottom of the wall should rest on the base board. On the base board, make a groove (along the line D) for attaching the wall vertically to the base.

Pocket sundial

It is necessary that the clock folds comfortably. When bent, the back wall should fit between the dial board and the base. Make watches from thin plywood or even thick cardboard, pasted over for strength on the back side with cloth or oilcloth. The rules for setting the clock are the same as for those described earlier.

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Artificial leaf that captures carbon dioxide 01.02.2022

Engineers at the University of Illinois at Chicago have created a carbon dioxide (CO2) air purification system that uses less energy than a 1W LED light bulb and captures 100 times more CO2 than other artificial leaves. And he does it in a real environment.

"It's scalable, modules can be added or removed to better suit needs and affordable use in homes and classrooms, not just profitable industrial organizations. A small module the size of a home humidifier can remove more than 1 kg of CO2 per day, and four industrial electrodialysis more than 300 kg of CO2 per hour,” said Minesh Singh, assistant professor of chemical engineering at the University of Illinois College of Engineering at Chicago and author of the paper.

American researchers placed a standard unit of artificial photosynthesis in a transparent capsule with water and a semi-permeable outer layer. When sunlight hit the device, the water evaporated through the "pores", and in its place carbon dioxide was drawn in, which the indoor unit converted into carbon monoxide. At the same time, CO can be extracted from the device and used to produce synthetic fuel (made from a mixture of CO and H2). This idea could well interest Elon Musk.

Inexpensive materials have been used to integrate an electrically charged membrane that acts as a water gradient on both the dry and wet sides. On the dry side, the organic solvent combines with the trapped carbon dioxide and converts it into concentrated bicarbonate (baking soda) that accumulates on the membrane. As bicarbonate is formed, the negatively charged ions are attracted through the membrane to the positively charged electrode in the water-based solution on the wet side of the membrane. The liquid dissolves the bicarbonate back into carbon dioxide. An electrical charge is used to speed up the transfer of bicarbonate across the membrane.

The size of this system is about the size of an ordinary city backpack. Its rate of carbon capture compared to the surface area required for the reactions is 3,3 mmol per 1 hour per 4 cm2. This is more than 100 times better than other systems. At the same time, 0,4 kJ/h of electricity is needed to power the reaction. The authors calculated that the cost of 1 ton of carbon dioxide would be $145, which is in line with the recommendations of the Department of Energy ($200 per ton).

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