Powerful power supply, designed for load current up to 10 amperes. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Powerful power supply, designed for load current up to 10 amperes. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Power Supplies

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A radio amateur needs a safe 220 V power source, with which he can adjust and test self-assembled electronic devices, as well as repair industrial devices.

Such a power supply, powered by a 220 V lighting network, must support operation at a load current of up to 10 A and have a backup power supply to ensure uninterrupted operation if necessary. This may be required, for example, in rural areas, when the mains voltage is unstable or periodically switched off.

On fig. 1.1 shows the electrical circuit of a power supply that meets all these requirements.

Rice. 1.1. The electrical circuit of the power supply, designed for a load current of up to 10 A (click to enlarge)

The voltage regulator on the transistor VT3 and zener diodes VD2-VD5 is assembled according to the classical scheme.

The power supply is switched on "manually" by the switch (toggle switch) SB1. When power is applied to relay K1, it operates and closes the power circuit of the primary winding of transformer T1.1 with contacts K1. The voltage rectified by the diode bridge VD1 is supplied to the source stabilizer, then to the current amplifier on transistors VT1, VT2 and then to the load device.

At the same time, the recharging voltage is supplied to the car battery (battery), which serves as a backup power source, through the diode VD6 and the limiting resistor R4. A small battery recharging current depends on the degree of discharge of the battery, given its high energy capacity of 55 Ah, it does not disable the battery even with a long (multi-day) recharging mode.

In this case, the SB2 switch can forcibly disconnect the battery from recharging.

In emergency mode (lack of 220 V lighting network voltage), the K1 relay is de-energized, and the voltage from the backup power source (battery) is supplied through the closed contacts 5 and 6 of the K1.2 contact group of the K1 relay, bypassing the voltage stabilizer assembled on the elements VT1, VT2, VT3, VD2, VD3, VD4, VD5, R2, R3. To protect the source from overvoltage and short circuits, fuses FU1 and FU2 are installed, respectively, at the input and output of the power source.

If there is no need for backup power, then the battery is not connected, but the device is used as a stabilized powerful power source.

The body of the device is made of fiberglass, but can also be made of other dielectric material.

Transistors VT1, VT2 can be replaced by KT808, KT819 with any letter index. It is desirable to use these transistors in a metal case with a "cap" diameter of 23,5 mm. They are installed on heat sinks with a cooling area of at least 100 cm2, isolating the heat sink from the device case. Transistor VT3 can be replaced by KT815, KT817 with any letter index.

The standard transformer T1 with an output power of at least 100 W must provide an alternating voltage on the secondary winding (under load) of 14-16 V. This voltage is obtained from terminals 7 and 16 of the transformer TN-54-127 / 220, while jumpers must be installed between pins 8-9, 10-11 and 13-14. The primary winding of the transformer T1 - conclusions 1 and 2.

Battery - a standard storage battery with a nominal voltage of 12 V. Relay K1 - for a response voltage of 200-220 V with two or more groups of contacts and a switching current of at least 3 A.

Mains fuse FU1 type. VP-1-3, PC-30-3 for a current of 3 A.

Fuse FU2 for a current of 10 A type DPK-1-2.

Diode rectifier bridge type KTs405A, KTs407A or assembled from discrete elements - diodes D231, D242 with any letter index. Diode VD6 can be replaced by KD202, KD213, KD258 with any letter index and the like. Zener diodes VD2-VD5 it is desirable to install in accordance with those indicated in the diagram. Stabilization and the level of the output voltage depend on their parameters.

Capacitors C1, C2 type K40-U9, K10-17 or similar, designed for an operating voltage of at least 250 V.

Oxide capacitors type K50-ZB, K50-24 or similar.

Fixed resistors R2, R3 - type MLT-0,5. Resistors R1, R4 type PEV-10, VZR-10.

Switches (toggle switches) SB1 and SB2 are any suitable, for example, TV2-1.

Author: Kashkarov A.P.

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