UPS automated inverter-charger 12/220 volts 1 kilowatt. Scheme, description

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UPS automated inverter-charger 12/220 volts 1 kilowatt. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Protection of equipment from emergency operation of the network

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How often in everyday life is it necessary to urgently recharge the battery, or in the absence (cutoff) of electricity, perform some urgent work that requires a 220v / 50Hz network. Or also maintain the power of some devices for which a power outage is critical. For these purposes, it is proposed to repeat the automated inverter-charger developed by me. In other words, UPS.

Technical specifications

Mains supply voltage: 220V.
Power supply frequency: 50Hz.
Output voltage in the absence of a network………………………220V +_10%
Battery voltage, at which normal operation of the device is ensured: 10.5 ... .14.5V
Battery charge mode: constant voltage.
Permissible maximum capacity of rechargeable batteries….200A/h
Autonomous power transition mode: automatic.
Battery charge time when the battery is completely discharged: 15 hours.
Rated inverter output power: 750W.
Maximum (short-term) load capacity: 1500W.
Offline frequency: 50Hz +_1%

Schematic diagram

(click to enlarge)

The power part of the device is built on powerful transistor switches of the 2TK235-50-2 type, two switches per arm in parallel, included in a push-pull switching circuit. Darlington transistors (composite) KT827A are used as a buildup. The master oscillator is made on a TL494 series chip, and provides a power switch control frequency of 50 Hz.

Switching of operating modes occurs automatically and is provided by the TKE-52 relay used in the circuit. A toroid from a 9A laboratory auto transformer was used as a power transformer, the transformer winding was left as is, and used as a secondary winding. The upper adjusting strip with the lacquer removed was again insulated with oil parquet lacquer and carefully dried, after which the winding was wrapped with two layers of lacquer fabric. 2x12 turns of a copper bus with a cross section of 10 mm/sq. After that, the entire transformer was impregnated with the same oil varnish for sound insulation and placed in a dryer. When winding the primary winding 1x2vit, special attention should be paid to the symmetry of the arms, the number of turns in the two half-windings must be the same and correspond to the parameters described above. The master oscillator is built according to the classical scheme taken from the technical description of the microcircuit (datasheet). The task of the generator is to provide two anti-phase control signals for power switches with a frequency of 12 Hz, I think it is not worth describing in detail the logic of its operation.

Switching of operating modes of the device is provided by relay Rel1. The relay is powered directly from the 220V network through a quenching capacitor C2 and a VDS diode bridge. If there is a 220V network at the input of the device, the relay is turned on, respectively, the mains voltage is applied to the output of the device and to the power transformer, which provides the battery charge voltage through a two-arm rectifier VD1, VD2. The master oscillator in this mode is de-energized and there are no pulses that open the transistor switches. When the network is turned off, the relay de-energizes, releases, disconnects the city network line from the primary winding of the power transformer, simultaneously supplying 12V power to the master generator, which begins to generate key control pulses. The converted voltage is applied directly to the output of the device and continues to power the load. When a network appears at the input of the device, the process occurs in the reverse order, the relay is activated, turning off the power to the generator and simultaneously connects the transformer winding and the output of the device to the city network.

A few words about the design of the device, transistors - power switches must be placed on radiators with an area of \u250b\u3bat least 25 cm / sq each, I used ready-made aluminum radiators from VL diodes. It is also desirable to provide buildup transistors with small radiators. All radiators must be isolated from each other. I used a XNUMXmm thick textolite as an insulating mounting panel. The master oscillator is assembled separately on the printed circuit board. The case of the device was welded from squares XNUMX current. in two "floors", at the bottom there was a transformer, at the top there were relay radiators and a master oscillator board. Outside, the frame was "sheathed" with copper-coated getinax sheets to the outside, which were then painted with nitro enamel.

Author: Artur (Lefty); Publication: cxem.net

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