Fire danger of electric light sources. Scheme, description

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Fire danger of electric light sources. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Free technical library

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Electrical safety, fire safety

In incandescent lamps, electrical energy is converted into light and heat energy, and heat makes up a large proportion of the total energy, and therefore the bulbs of the lamps heat up significantly. For example, the temperature on the surface of the bulb of a lamp with a power of 100 W, depending on the moment of measurement, will be: after 2, 10, 20 minutes, respectively, 150, 290 and 300 °C.

Heating when the lamp is on is distributed unevenly over its surface. For example, for a gas-filled lamp with a power of 200 W, the vertical temperature is distributed as follows: on the base 82 ° C, at the middle of the height of the bulb 165 ° C, at the bottom of the bulb 85 ° C.

If the lamp bulb comes into contact with bodies with low thermal conductivity (fabric, paper, wood, etc.), strong local overheating is possible in the contact zone. For example, a 100-watt light bulb wrapped in cotton cloth heats up to 1 ° C after 70 minute after being turned on in a horizontal position, up to 2 ° C after 103 minutes, and up to 5 ° C after 340 minutes, after which the fabric begins to smolder. This may cause a fire.

Fluorescent lamps are less dangerous in terms of fire, however, in the event of malfunctions in the control gear (sticking of the starter, etc.), they can become very hot. In practice, the heating of the lamp reached 190-200 ° C, and the chokes - up to 120 ° C.

Starters pose a fire hazard, because they contain flammable materials (paper capacitor, cardboard gaskets, etc.) inside them. Fire safety regulations require that the maximum overheating of the supporting surfaces of luminaires does not exceed 50 °C. For the purpose of fire safety, in lamps of the NOV, NOG, VZG type (increased reliability against explosion and explosion-proof), a spark-proof cartridge with a spark-extinguishing chamber is used. The same version of the cartridge has miner increased reliability lamps such as RP-25, RP-60.

Author: Korshevr N.G.

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