What is Stonehenge? Detailed answer

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What is Stonehenge? Detailed answer

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What is Stonehenge?

Stonehenge (in English - a stone fence) is the most significant monument of megalithic culture. It is located near the English city of Emsbury (Wiltshire) in the center of the Salisbury Plain. Stonehenge is a unique complex of three structures built at different times.

The oldest of these structures (2280-2075 BC) consists of a round earthen rampart and a ditch about 100 meters in diameter, inside of which there are pits with the remains of cremation. Around 1700-1600 BC, 38 pairs of stones were placed inside the ancient rampart in two concentric circles. An earthen road with a length of about 500 meters was laid to them. In 1500-1400 BC, a structure was added from stone slabs vertically dug into the ground up to 8,5 meters high and weighing up to 22 tons. Each stone is carefully hewn from all sides; in general, they form a vicious circle with a diameter of 30 meters. Inside the circle are five triliths (peculiar stone gates) surrounding the altar stone lying on the ground.

Stonehenge is surrounded by the oldest burials and cemeteries. Three kilometers from Stonehenge is Woodhenge (a wooden fence), built of wood and earth, and also surrounded by a fence of ditches, pits and ramparts, forming six concentric circles with one entrance.

Stonehenge was probably of religious significance, however, contrary to popular misconceptions, modern researchers deny its connection with the Druids. The presence of a northeast-southwest axis at Stonehenge suggests that it was a place of worship to the Sun. Recent studies point to the use of Stonehenge for astronomical observations or the timing of eclipses.

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

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