Garland with a smooth change in brightness. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Garland with a smooth change in brightness. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Beginner radio amateur

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It is hard to imagine the New Year without festive illuminations and a Christmas tree with a mysterious flickering of lights. However, not everyone likes industrial-made electric garlands: monotonous blinking quickly gets bored, and it’s harmful, they say, for health. I propose to replace these "flashing lights" with a homemade device, the bulbs of which shine like candles - with a smooth change in brightness. Its advantages include the simplicity of the circuit diagram, which anyone can assemble, and the absence of scarce or expensive radio components in it.

When connected to the network, the garlands burn in full heat - thanks to the semiconductor diodes VD1, VD3 and VD5. Through the chains (VD2R1, VD4R3, V06R5), the electrolytic capacitors C1, C2 and C3 are charged, creating an increase in the control voltage on the thyristors VS1, VS2 and VS3. With the achievement of equality Uy = UolKp, the corresponding thyristor opens.

In this case, the semiconductor device VS2 is activated. Opening, it causes an increase in the brightness of the glow of the garland HE2. But the charging of the capacitor C2 stops, holding the moment of unlocking VS3, and therefore, contributing to the already ongoing process of charging the electric capacity C3.

The voltage at C3 continues to increase until the opening (through resistor R6) of the thyristor UB1. Opening, it leads to an increase in the glow of the HE1 garland, the termination of the charging of the capacitor C1 and a decrease in the brightness of the lamps in the HE2 garland. As a result, the capacitor C2 is recharged, which creates the conditions for unlocking (through the resistor R4) the thyristor VS3. The NE3 garland begins to glow in full heat, reducing (through the resistor R6) the potential at the control electrode of the thyristor VS1. As a result, the brightness of HE1 decreases.

Garland with a smooth change in brightness
Schematic diagram of the device

Garland with a smooth change in brightness
Circuit board topology

The process continues in turn for HE2, HE1, HE3, again for HE2, and so on. The garlands burn half-heartedly, and then brightly (along the ring). The Christmas tree becomes more elegant and mysterious with them. The rate of change in brightness depends on the time constant of the charge-discharge circuits with the corresponding capacitors. The current passing through the lamps is determined by the parameters of the diodes.

Installation is carried out on a textolite board in a hinged way. It is recommended to adhere to the arrangement of parts corresponding to the circuit diagram.

Author: Yu.Kochkin

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