Prospects for the use of wind power plants. Scheme, description

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Wind power installations. Prospects for the use of wind turbines. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources

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Use of wind energy in public power systems

In America and Europe, government organizations subsidize research and development aimed primarily at the use of wind turbines in regional high voltage power systems. For several years already, wind turbines with a capacity of up to 200 kW have been successfully operating, and installations with a capacity of up to 3 and 4 MW have been created. It is believed that the service life of such generators will exceed 20 years and the electricity generated by them will be cheaper than at thermal power plants using liquid fuel. In early studies, it was believed that wind turbines should be installed on hills, but practice has shown that even better conditions for their operation can be in open flat places, especially if several wind turbines are installed nearby. Later, based on this new concept of choosing the location of wind turbines, it was proposed to install systems from many installations at sea in shallow water areas.

Autonomous wind turbines

Wind turbines with a capacity of 10 to 100 kW can be used to supply power to residential premises, farms, and various organizations. Their use is economically justified where other sources of energy (such as oil) are expensive, or if the electricity they generate is at least half the price of electricity in the public grid. The greatest demand for wind turbines of this capacity is in countries with a high standard of living and high energy costs, in which the average wind speed is more than 6 m / s and the rural population is large.

New technology

The fundamentals of energy from renewable sources show that it imposes completely different restrictions on production processes than traditional thermal and nuclear energy. This is most clearly seen in the example of wind energy. The use of dispersed and inherently very variable wind energy is based on fundamentally different approaches than the use of energy from stable and intensive sources, and the main thing here is the need to vary energy consumption in accordance with its production. To overcome this limitation, efficient and cheap methods of energy storage are needed.

Expensive stabilized electricity is used for lighting and powering electronic equipment, and cheap unstabilized energy is used for heating and water heating. During periods of very strong winds, wind energy is used to heat greenhouses or heat water in a swimming pool. Electricity from wind turbines is also used to charge the batteries of electric vehicles. Despite the strong winds, the energy generated by wind turbines is still not enough, and satisfactory living conditions are provided thanks to well-insulated houses, economical use of electricity and special distribution systems.

In the presence of wind from the wind turbine, the batteries are charged and the DC and AC loads are powered through the inverter (Fig. 4.1). At the same time, batteries can be recharged from a photovoltaic module, which can be used, for example, several included FSM-40s. In the absence of wind and discharged batteries, the load is powered and the batteries are charged both from solar panels and from the engine-generator. After the batteries are charged, the engine-generator is switched off. This mode of operation allows saving liquid fuel and increasing the service life of the engine-generator.

Wind power installations. Prospects for the use of wind turbines
Fig.4.1. Structural diagram of the power supply system based on wind turbines of the WINDEC series.

The control over the operating modes of all elements of the system is carried out by a multifunctional microprocessor control unit, which uses battery voltage, load current and battery charge time from the engine-generator as controlled parameters.

Low-power uninterruptible power supply systems are required both for mobility and rapid deployment, and for low cost for mass use. In any case, these should be highly reliable systems with high energy-mass characteristics, i.e. should have a small mass and dimensions, at a given power.

Author: Magomedov A.M.

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