Economic and environmental aspects of the use of power plants based on heat pumps. Scheme, description

Free technical library

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Free library / Schemes of radio-electronic and electrical devices

Economic and environmental aspects of the use of power plants based on heat pumps. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Free technical library

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources

Comments on the article

The cost of a heat pump station (HPS) with a capacity of 100 to 10000 kW in Western Europe is 600-700 USD / kW, while the cost of heat pumps of Energia JSC in the same range of capacities with approximately equal energy efficiency and turnkey delivery "is 600-700 thousand rubles / kW. The reduction in the cost of heat produced at HPS compared to traditional heat supply ranged from 1,5 to 2,5 times, depending on the temperature of the low-grade source, and the total fuel savings from all HPS put into operation amounted to about 32 thousand tons of fuel equivalent. m. The payback period for most HPS does not exceed two years.

The experience of HPS operation in Russia has shown that due to the longer heating period compared to, for example, Western Europe, as well as the much more acute problem of fuel transport, the economic efficiency of HPS use in Russia is greater than in other countries.

The possibility of using ozone-friendly freons, in particular freon 142 (R-142 c), has been proven. Thus, a HPS with a screw compressor with a unit capacity of 2 MW and a working fluid R-142 operates in Kaunas, although the thermodynamic properties of this freon required extraordinary solutions when creating a HPS with a screw compressor.

Taking the specific consumption for the generation of 1 kWh of electricity equal to 300 g of reference fuel, it is not difficult to give a comparative assessment of harmful emissions for the heating season (5448 hours) from various heat sources with a thermal power of 1,16 MW (see Table 2.1.1.) .

Table 2.1.1

Type of harmful emissions, t/year	Boiler house on coal	Electric heating	ТН, with an average annual COP = 3,6
SOx	21,77	38,02	10,56
NOx	7,62	13,31	3,70
Solid particles	5,8	8,89	2,46
Fluorine comp.	0,182	0,313	0,087
Total	34,65	60,53	16,81

Harmful emissions from the use of a heat pump are emissions at the place of electricity production (TPP is taken as the source of electricity); there are no harmful emissions directly at the place of installation of heat pumps. This situation is most favorable for recreational areas. Thus, a coal-fired boiler house with a thermal capacity of 1,16 MW (1 Gcal/h), operating in the resort area of Altai - Belokurikha, emits at least 4880 tons of harmful substances during the heating season (31 hours). Heat pumps with a total heat output of 1,2 MW, installed in the radon clinic on the waste heat of used radon water with a temperature of 32 ° C, have an average annual conversion factor of 7,2 and do not produce harmful emissions in Belokurikha itself. At a thermal power plant located 70 km from the resort, harmful emissions from the production of electricity necessary for this HPS, in terms of 4,18 GJ (1 Gcal) of heat generated by it, will amount to only 4,31 tons during the heating season.

Below are the average annual conversion factors of heat pump installations for the West Siberian region (heating period 5448 h) depending on the temperature of the low-potential source:

Low-potential source temperature, °C	5	10	15	20	25	30	35	40
COP average annual	3,6	4,1	4,6	5,3	5,9	6,6	7,2	7,9

With the same heat output, for example, 1 Gcal / h (1,16 MW), the specific fuel economy when using HPS will be compared to: with electric heating 0,277 - 0,335 tce; from a coal-fired boiler (efficiency = 0.65) 0,113 - 0,121 tce; with a natural gas boiler (efficiency = 0,8) 0,072-0,130 tce, where the first value refers to the use of a low-grade heat source with a temperature of 5°C in the heat pump, the second - with a temperature of 40°C.

See other articles Section Alternative energy sources.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Alcohol content of warm beer 07.05.2024

Beer, as one of the most common alcoholic drinks, has its own unique taste, which can change depending on the temperature of consumption. A new study by an international team of scientists has found that beer temperature has a significant impact on the perception of alcoholic taste. The study, led by materials scientist Lei Jiang, found that at different temperatures, ethanol and water molecules form different types of clusters, which affects the perception of alcoholic taste. At low temperatures, more pyramid-like clusters form, which reduces the pungency of the "ethanol" taste and makes the drink taste less alcoholic. On the contrary, as the temperature increases, the clusters become more chain-like, resulting in a more pronounced alcoholic taste. This explains why the taste of some alcoholic drinks, such as baijiu, can change depending on temperature. The data obtained opens up new prospects for beverage manufacturers, ... >>

Major risk factor for gambling addiction 07.05.2024

Computer games are becoming an increasingly popular form of entertainment among teenagers, but the associated risk of gaming addiction remains a significant problem. American scientists conducted a study to determine the main factors contributing to this addiction and offer recommendations for its prevention. Over the course of six years, 385 teenagers were followed to find out what factors may predispose them to gambling addiction. The results showed that 90% of study participants were not at risk of addiction, while 10% became gambling addicts. It turned out that the key factor in the onset of gambling addiction is a low level of prosocial behavior. Teenagers with a low level of prosocial behavior do not show interest in the help and support of others, which can lead to a loss of contact with the real world and a deepening dependence on virtual reality offered by computer games. Based on these results, scientists ... >>

Traffic noise delays the growth of chicks 06.05.2024

The sounds that surround us in modern cities are becoming increasingly piercing. However, few people think about how this noise affects the animal world, especially such delicate creatures as chicks that have not yet hatched from their eggs. Recent research is shedding light on this issue, indicating serious consequences for their development and survival. Scientists have found that exposure of zebra diamondback chicks to traffic noise can cause serious disruption to their development. Experiments have shown that noise pollution can significantly delay their hatching, and those chicks that do emerge face a number of health-promoting problems. The researchers also found that the negative effects of noise pollution extend into the adult birds. Reduced chances of reproduction and decreased fertility indicate the long-term effects that traffic noise has on wildlife. The study results highlight the need ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Surface Mount AMMP Chips 16.01.2005

AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES has announced additional surface-mount AMMP chips for portable radios up to 20 GHz.

These add-on chips are the AMMP-5618 amplifier, AMMP-6530 mixer, AMMP-6420 power amplifier, AMMP-6220 low noise amplifier, and AMMP-6120 frequency multiplier. In total, this series includes 16 chips, on which you can build portable radio stations for various purposes.

Other interesting news:

▪ Plastic sleepers

▪ The author's fee will depend on the pages read

▪ Propolis reduces blood pressure

▪ Super glue that can withstand record temperatures

▪ Apacer AH650 Flash Drive with Capacitive Fingerprint Sensor

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Radioelectronics and electrical engineering. Article selection

▪ article Holography. History of invention and production

▪ article When and where was execution by lot used in the army? Detailed answer

▪ article Blackberry gray. Legends, cultivation, methods of application

▪ article Ekron - tube amplifier with shielding grid control. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Stable crystal oscillator operating in a wide range of supply voltages. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews