Glowing colors. simple recipes

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FACTORY TECHNOLOGIES AT HOME - SIMPLE RECIPES
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Glowing colors. Simple recipes and tips

Factory technologies - simple recipes

Directory / Factory technology at home - simple recipes

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Luminous paints are used for the manufacture of watch dials, compasses, fire signals, advertising signs, electrical switches, etc. Their preparation is based on the property of calcined sulfur compounds of alkaline earth metals (calcium, strontium, barium), as well as zinc sulfide mixed with some salts after the action on them sunlight (insolation) emit for some time more or less bright light. Good luminous paints should quickly insolate (charge with sunlight), shine as brightly as possible and last as long as possible after each exposure to the sun.

The main substances for the preparation of these paints, as was indicated, are calcium sulfide, barium sulfide and strontium sulfide; sometimes a mixture of these compounds is used. When preparing paints, it is best not to proceed directly from these compounds, but to obtain them by calcining oxides or carbonic salts of these metals with sulfur. When calcined, sulfur compounds of metals are obtained, and they are more active than finished preparations. To give the luminous compositions the desired color, the corresponding salts are added, mainly salts of sulfuric acid. Below we give several recipes for the preparation of luminous compositions.

Light green tone

2 g of coal lithium salt, 1 g of cadium sulphate, 1 g of sodium sulphide salt and 2 g of starch, ground into powder, are mixed and 2 cm3 of a half-percent solution of nitrogen-bismuth salt in vodka and 2 cm3 of a half-percent solution of nitrogen-rubidium salt or nitrogen-tantalum salt are added. The mixture is well stirred and dried well.

After drying, 6 g of sulfur powder (sulfur-colored), 20% calcium oxide and 20% strontium oxide are added to the mixture. The resulting mixture is thoroughly mixed and heated in porcelain crucibles, muffle or electric ovens (with good air draft) for 3/4 hours at a temperature of 1200 °C. Temperature conditions must be adhered to as precisely as possible, since overheating and underheating greatly affect the quality of the final product.

All products must be chemically pure. Upon cooling, the alloy is ground and sifted through fine sieves. If instead of strontium oxide we take another 20 g of calcium oxide (that is, a total of 40 g of calcium oxide), then the mass will emit a violet-blue color.

A light blue tone can be obtained by taking the same amount of carbon-strontium salt instead of strontium oxide.

red tone

80 g of carbonic barium salt, 12 g of sulfur, 1 g of carbonic rubidium salt and 2 g of carbonic lithium salt are mixed. The mixture is fired as described above.

yellow tone

Mix 200 g of carbon-strontium salt, 30 g of sulfur, 0,4 g of sulphur-manganese salt, 1 g of sodium chloride and 4 g of anhydrous salt. Fired as above.

Sidot glitters (luminous masses with zinc sulfide)

20 g of double sulfate salt of zinc and ammonium are dissolved together with 5 g of sodium chloride and 0,2-0,5 g of crystalline magnesium chloride in 400 g of distilled water, slightly acidified with sulfuric acid. 110 g of 8% ammonia (sp. w. 0,966) are added to the solution in small portions, allowed to settle for 24 hours and filtered.

Hydrogen sulfide gas is passed into the resulting filtrate until precipitation stops. The precipitate is dried together with the filter at a temperature of 100; when the precipitate dries, remove it from the filter and heat it in a porcelain crucible inserted into another fireclay crucible, maintaining a white heat for 30 minutes. Upon cooling, the mass is triturated into powder. This mass emits a yellow-green color.

If 0,005-0,008% manganese salt is added to the initial solution, the color will be golden yellow. To obtain a green tone, take 100 g of double salt of zinc and ammonium, 20 g of sodium chloride, 1 g of sulfur-magnesium salt and 0,02 g of nitrogen-uranium salt. In the future, the above proportions are used.

Compositions containing zinc sulfide can be insolated not only by daylight, but also by the light of arc lamps and cathode radiation. If we proceed from ready-made sulfur compounds, then the luminous masses can be obtained according to the following recipes. In all cases, it is necessary to use active calcium sulfide capable of emitting light.

purple tone

Sernobarium salt 10,2 wt. hours;
Ultramarine violet 2,8 wt. hours;
Calcium sulfide 36 wt. hours;
Arsenic cobalt oxide salt 9 wt. h.

Green tone

Sernobarium salt 10 wt. hours;
Chrome green 8 wt. hours;
Calcium sulfide 34 wt. h.

Sulfur tone

Sernobarium salt 10 wt. hours;
Carbonaceous salt 9 wt. hours;
Blue ultramarine 0,5 wt. hours;
Zinc sulfide 0,5 wt. hours;
Calcium sulfide 36 wt. h.

White tone

Sernobarium salt 6 wt. hours;
Carbonaceous salt 6 wt. hours;
Zinc sulfide 12 wt. hours;
Calcium sulfide 36 wt. h.

To prepare paints from the luminous masses obtained according to the above recipes, the latter, after grinding and sifting, are mixed with alcohol white varnish, drying oil, turpentine varnish, liquid glass, gelatin solution, etc. When charging (insolation) objects covered with luminous paint, you need to have in mind that charging is faster in direct sunlight than in diffused; in heat - faster than in the cold.

Recently, permanently luminous paints have become widespread, which do not require preliminary exposure to light. The preparation of such paints is based on the use of radioactive preparations (salts of radium or mesothorium). 0,001 g of this drug is enough to prepare paint for 600-800 hour dials.

Author: Korolev V.A.

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