Tornado. Travel Tips

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Tornado. Travel Tips

Tourist tips

Tornado (or tornado from Spanish tornado "tornado") - an atmospheric vortex that occurs in a cumulonimbus (thunderstorm) cloud and spreads down, often to the very surface of the earth, in the form of a cloud sleeve or trunk with a diameter of tens and hundreds of meters. The development of a tornado from a cloud distinguishes it from some externally similar and also different in nature phenomena, for example, whirlwinds and dusty (sandy) whirlwinds. Usually, the transverse diameter of the tornado funnel in the lower section is 300-400 m, although if the tornado touches the water surface, this value can be only 20-30 m, and when the funnel passes over land, it can reach 1,5-3 km.

Inside the funnel, the air descends, and outside it rises, rotating rapidly, creating an area of very rarefied air. The rarefaction is so significant that closed objects filled with gas, including buildings, can explode from the inside due to the pressure difference. This phenomenon enhances the destruction from the tornado, makes it difficult to determine the parameters in it. Determining the speed of air movement in a funnel is still a serious problem. Basically, estimates of this quantity are known from indirect observations. Depending on the intensity of the vortex, the flow velocity in it can vary. It is believed that it exceeds 18 m / s and, according to some indirect estimates, can reach 1300 km / h. The tornado itself moves along with the cloud that generates it. This movement can give speeds of tens of km/h, usually 20-60 km/h.

Tornadoes can appear in many shapes and sizes. Most tornadoes appear as a narrow funnel (only a few hundred meters across), with a small cloud of debris close to the earth's surface. A tornado can be completely hidden by a wall of rain or dust.

gusty tornado (gustnado)

Vortices of this type arise along a gusty thunderstorm front and are characterized by noticeable displacements along the front. Gusty tornadoes are much weaker than "classic" tornadoes and are short in time, since they are not associated with intense deep fusion of ascending air currents. One of the features of a gusty tornado is its unpredictability, because it can occur quite by accident anywhere in the gusty front.

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