Fisherman's airship. Drawing, description

PERSONAL TRANSPORT: GROUND, WATER, AIR
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Fisherman's airship. Personal transport

Personal transport: land, water, air

Directory / Personal transport: land, water, air

At the time when I planned to build a snowmobile, I did not plan any particularly original design solutions for them - the car was needed as an ordinary winter vehicle.

However, when I picked up the necessary units, materials and got down to business, ideas of various constructive solutions for some units began to appear. I even had to suspend work on the construction of snowmobiles for some time and "think over" the entire structure again - on paper. As a result, some solutions turned out to be not only unconventional (maybe not new, but fairly forgotten and not found in modern cars), while others were completely original. I will note the design features.

Firstly - the suspension of the power unit (and not installing it, as usual) Secondly, the "cart" type steering - it is carried out by turning not only the skis, but the entire front axle. And the last Return of the controlled bridge with skis to its original position and keeping it on the course of a direct course is carried out not so much by the steering wheel as by the torsion bar, which acts as a safety arc.

Fisherman's airship

Describing the design of the snowmobile, I’ll immediately make a reservation: due to the lack of argon welding, all joints of parts in the assemblies had to be bolted using bushings and brackets, and in some places riveted.

The frame of the spinal-type snowmobile is single-spar. Docked and connected to the side member, the rear axle beam and the motor mount are supported by struts. The connections of the power elements of the frame are mostly detachable. I made them like this for disassembling the snowmobile and a very large frame for compact summer storage.

The spar and the rack are made of a duralumin pipe with a diameter of 70 mm with a wall thickness of 2,5 mm, and the rear axle beam and struts are also made of a duralumin pipe, but with a smaller diameter and wall thickness - 40 mm and 1,5 mm, respectively. the handrails of the seats also play, although they can only be called handrails conditionally - they are hung on the lodgements of the driver's and passenger's seats, knocked out of a duralumin sheet 2 mm thick. The seats themselves are made of thick foam sheet and lined with tarpaulin.

Another element of the snowmobile can be attributed to the frame - the safety arc. It is made of two segments of a duralumin pipe with a diameter of 50 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm joined by overlays. However, it would be better to make the arc from a single pipe (unfortunately, I didn’t have one at the time of manufacture) because it also plays the role of a shock-absorbing suspension of the front controlled axle and is a kind of strut of the main rack. But about the arc - later.

As for the controlled bridge, as on a cart, I did not make a reservation. It was its simplicity that prompted me to return to this already forgotten steering scheme, besides, it was very combined with a shock-absorbing roll bar and a single-spar frame. The front axle is connected to the front end of the spar by means of a kingpin and a silent block (rubber-metal bushing), the body of which is inserted into the front hole of the spar pipe. The pivot is an M22 bolt.

The connection of the front axle with a safety arc (it is also a torsion bar) was not carried out directly, but by carrying out a piece of pipe with a diameter of 40 mm and a wall thickness of 1,5 mm, cantilevered in the middle of the bridge (perpendicular to it). The free (front) end of the extension is also connected to the front end of the safety arc with a "two-cheek" triangular bracket. The extension length was determined experimentally, within the range of 200 - 250 mm. Its shorter length impairs the "vane" - the self-holding of the car on a straight course, and the longer one makes it difficult to control the snowmobile (turning the steering wheel). By the way, to make it easier to turn the steering wheel, I later attached a silent block to the end of the torsion bar (although it is possible to help with legs, like on an airplane).

When you turn the steering wheel, and therefore the front axle with skis, the safety arc deviates to the side and even twists slightly. After removing the force on the steering wheel, the arc tends to return to its original position, keeping the skis on a straight course.

The steering wheel itself is of a motorcycle type, only it is fixed on the bridge at three points through the lever struts. From the steering wheel, a cable for controlling the "gas" of the engine is laid along the torsion arc. Skis are mounted on the axles at the ends of the front axle (as well as the rear axle). To protect against side impact, the skis are additionally attached to the bridges with struts (it would be better with shock absorbers) through bearing bushings: the front - two, the rear - one (in the rear) and rotate in a vertical plane along with the skis.

Skis homemade - all the same. Riveted from 5 mm sheet duralumin grade D16T with aluminum rivets. To give rigidity in the middle of the ski, a longitudinal strip-wall is welded, and strip struts are also welded to the wall. The sole is made of polyethylene sheet 5 mm thick and 10 mm wider on each side. In the bent part of the toe, the sole is attached to the ski with rivets, and along the length it is simply pressed with a cut from a steel corner so that the sole does not warp due to the difference in thermal expansion. A small part of the rear end of the ski, together with the sole, is also bent up by 50 mm. At the ends of the beams of the bridges, the skis are mounted on rolling bearings, the bodies of which are fixed to the ski racks.

The propeller installation itself is traditional and consists of a power unit from the Buran snowmobile with a capacity of 28 hp. and homemade constant pitch pusher propeller.

A screw with a diameter of 1400 mm, wooden blades with metal fittings at the ends. The maximum thrust created by it on the spot is about 95 kgf, which allows the snowmobile to reach speeds of up to 70 km / h on the ice of a frozen river. The transmission of torque from the engine to the screw is carried out through a four-strand V-belt transmission. The diameter of the drive pulley is 205 mm, and the driven pulley is 380 mm, that is, the gear ratio is 1,85. The tension of the belts is carried out by turning the eccentric axis in the sleeve, followed by fixing one in the other with a clamp.

Mounting the power unit on the frame is not quite usual. Firstly, it is not installed on it, but suspended on a cantilever beam and attached to it through rubber bushings. In addition, the beam is hinged to the rack through the silent block. The additional fastening of the engine to the frame is completely extraordinary - with stretch marks - aviation flexible cables with a diameter of 4 mm with tension tenders. Such a suspension of the propeller installation on the frame practically eliminates the vibration of the snowmobile.

There is no screw guard yet. Of course, a rotating propeller is a dangerous thing. But if you make a simplified fence, then it can play a "cruel joke" with the person operating the sled, and even more so with the passenger. Psychologically, they will think that they are protected. In fact, the likelihood of injury from a rotating propeller remains. If we are to make a fence, then it is complete - in the form of a thin lattice on both sides and around the circumference.

And so that the propeller does not touch the snow, especially ice, when the rear of the snowmobile falls, a tail is made - a thinner pipe is inserted into the rear of the spar.

The dry weight of the snowmobile is about 140 kg. Full curb (two people and 20 liters of fuel) - approaches 300 kg. The snowmobile does not have brakes, the stop is carried out quite quickly due to the friction of the soles of the skis on the snow after the "gas" is released

Snowmobile with a suspended propeller group and a "trolley" front axle (details of all positions, except where otherwise indicated, are made of D16T duralumin) (click to enlarge): 1 - engine (from the "Buran" motonart), 2 V-belt four-strand transmission (і = 1,85 .3); 1400 - propeller with a diameter of 4 (wood with metal end edging), 5 cantilever beam, 4 - upper bracing of the engine mount (steel cable with a diameter of 2, 6 pcs.), 70 - main rack (pipe with a diameter of 2,5x7), 5 - bracket .ein connection of the safety arc to the rack (sheet s2, 8 pcs.). 50 - upper part of the roll bar (pipe with a diameter of 2x9), 10 - fastening of the gas cable to the roll bar (rubber, as required), 5 - connecting bracket for parts of the roll bar (sheet s2, 11 pcs.), 50 - inclined part of the roll bar safety (pipe diameter 2x12); 70 - spar (pipe with a diameter of 2,5x13); 14 - steering wheel (motorcycle type), 28 - central steering column (steel pipe with a diameter of 15); 14 side steering column (pipe diameter 2, 16 pcs.); 17 - silent block of the roll bar (from a washing machine), 5 - connection unit of the roll bar and the front axle (sheet s2, 18 pcs.), 30 - extension (pipe with a diameter of 1,5x19), 40 - side brace of the rack (pipe with a diameter of 1,5x2, 20, 21 pcs.), 5 - rear passenger seat (foam rubber in a fabric cover); 22 - back seat lodgement (sheet s30), 1,5 - handrail-strut (pipe with a diameter of 2x23, 5 pcs.), 24 - front seat lodgement (sheet s25); 26 - front seat (foam rubber in a fabric cover), 4 gas cable (from a motorcycle); 2 - lower extension of the engine mount (steel cable with a diameter of 27, 2 pcs.); 28 - thunder (20 pcs.), 29 - fuel tank (64 l), 30 - tail-hook (pipe with a diameter of 31), 2 - rear axle, 32 - rear ski (2 pcs.). 33-platform mount (cord, 2 pcs.), 34 - platform (avisent fabric, 40 pcs.), 1,5,2-beam of the front steering axle (pipe with a diameter of 35x2 pcs.), XNUMX - front ski (XNUMX PC.).

Rear axle and its connection with the frame (click to enlarge): 1 - spar, 2 bracket. Ein-clamp for fastening to the spar of the cross member of the seat frame and struts of the rear axle, 3 - cross member of the seat frame, 4 brace, 5 - ski, 6 - bracket .ein-clamp for attachment to the rear axle of the struts, 7 - bushing for attachment to the rear axle of the ski strut, 8 - rear axle beam (2 pcs.), 9 - strut strut (2 pcs.), 10 - seat frame, 11 - main rack ; 12 - loop for attaching the seat base to the frame (10 pcs.); 13 - bracket for attaching the seat frame and motor mount to the rack, 14 - bracket for attaching the side member to the main rack, 15 - bushing for attaching the seat frame to the side member and the main rack (2 pcs.); 16 - beam connecting bracket (2 pcs.)

Fisherman's airship
Front bridge and ski: 1 - base of the ski, 2 - brace of the ridge. 3 - arch, 4 - ridge; 5 - rivet; 6 - front brace of the rack (2 pcs.), 7 - rear brace of the rack (2 pcs.), 8 housing with a rolling bearing, 9 - rack, 10 - lug for attaching the ski brace to the ridge (2 pcs.), 11 - shoulder with fork, 12 rear strut of the ski (2 pcs.), 13 - bushing for attaching the strut to the axle beam, 14 - bracket for the footboard; 15 bridge beam, 16 - spar, 17 - hinge connecting the bridge beam and the spar, 18 - bracket for connecting the beam and stem, 19 - bracket for connecting the stem and roll bar, 20 - step.

Fisherman's airship
Suspension of the power plant on a cantilever beam and cable braces: 1 - eccentric axle, 2 - bushing (steel, pipe with a diameter of 50x2), 3 - clamp with a clamping bolt, 4 - tie of the upper braces (rubber band), 5 - upper braces, 6 - cantilever beam (steel pipe with a diameter of 40x1,5), 7 - hinge axis (M16 bolt), 8 - silent block, 9 - sleeve-bracket for mounting the motor mount on the main rack, 10 - main rack; 11 - engine attachment to the cantilever beam (4 pcs.), 12 - engine, 13 - bushing stand, 14 - bushing strut (2 pcs.), 15 - beam wing (4 pcs.), 16 - engine output shaft. 17 - lower brace (cable 04, 2 pcs.), 18 - turnbuckle (2 pcs.), 19 - bushing-gasket (rubber, 4 pcs.).

Author: S.Kochanov-Sorokin

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