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PERSONAL TRANSPORT: GROUND, WATER, AIR
Household sleds. Personal transport
Directory / Personal transport: land, water, air As soon as the first snow fell, it turned out that the house did not have such a necessary winter cargo vehicle as a skid. Children's sleds have long been "left" for a well-deserved rest in a pile of scrap metal, and they would be rather weak for carrying heavy loads. I had to take up the manufacture of new sledges, so to speak, household ones - stronger and more adapted for transporting goods (Fig. 1). In the far corner of the yard, under a shed in a scrap yard, I found prudently stocked just in case shackles from the backs of steel beds and some thinner pipes. In the course of the manufacture of these sleds, a whole set of designs for a similar purpose swarm in my head, and not universal ones, but specialized ones. But more about them later. When designing the sled, he provided for such solutions. Firstly, with the rather small size of the sledges themselves, they could carry not only massive, but also overall loads. To do this, their platform must be made in the same plane with the front jumper - a traverse. True, in the course of work, I decided to install the traverse a little higher than the platform so that it served as a front stop for the cargo box. And if necessary, it will not be difficult to lower the jumper to the level of the platform.
Secondly, the platform must be high enough to carry overhanging loads on the sled. Thirdly, it is undesirable to make the platform solid, but it is better to make it lattice, in order to more easily and reliably attach loads to it, passing the rope not only along the edges, but also in the middle. For the transportation of bulk cargo (snow, sand), you still have to use a box or box. And the last. It is also desirable to bend the rear ends of the runners a little - then, if necessary, it will be easy to take the sled back. Here, perhaps, are all the "little tricks" that I tried to foresee in the manufacture of cargo sleds. The very process of their manufacture, as they say, is a matter of technology. First, I prepared individual parts: skids from a pipe with a diameter of 30 mm - from metal beds, racks-portals - from a 20 mm pipe. It is important that the racks are as similar as possible to each other, and the skids are mirrored. The tubes of the portal racks were bent in a vice, and therefore in the places of the bends they were slightly flattened and weakened. For reliability, these places had to be reinforced with struts, also from a pipe, but with a smaller diameter - 14 mm. Although, as an option shown in the drawing, this can also be done with scarves. As for the assembly-welding process, at first I only slightly grabbed the parts, and after careful straightening to set the parallelism of the skids, I welded the joints completely and reliably. The rear ends of the tubes of the runners were closed with welded plugs, and the front ends - with the ends of the plate-shaped cross-beam. Welded seams with sandpaper and finished with a file. In the traverse, near the ends of the runners, I drilled holes (blunting their edges with a drill thicker) under the reins. The platform was made of three longitudinally arranged wooden planks with a section of 100x20 mm. Planks are pine, although it would be better to make them from non-resinous wood. I fastened them with the racks with self-tapping screws, through the corresponding holes pre-drilled simultaneously in both parts. I painted only steel parts in the usual way: first I cleaned rust with a metal brush and sandpaper; then degreased with white spirit; and in the end, primed and painted with NC enamel in two layers with intermediate drying. It should be noted that the sled turned out to be quite good (Fig. 1 and photo), although I made them, one might say, in haste. An attentive reader will notice that there are slight differences in the design of the sled in the drawing and photograph. For example, in the first case, the racks are welded, and in the second, they are bent; in the drawing, the front jumper (traverse) is from a corner, and in the photograph - from a steel strip. This is done in order to show the possibility of variant execution of certain components and parts. Well, while I was making these sleds, I realized that they are of little use for transporting containers with water and other liquids, and this requires a different design. However, he postponed the work until the next weekend, so that without fuss, at his own pleasure, indulge in work with rusty metal. By that time, he had thought over the next design of a water-carrying sled and, having measured a 40-liter aluminum flask intended for use as a container container, he even sketched their sketch (Fig. 2). On the next weekend, he again enthusiastically got down to business and by lunchtime he had completed the manufacture (except for painting) of another sled - a water-carrying one. They are smaller in size than household ones, and simpler in design. They do not have racks - they were replaced by limiters from a thinner pipe - 14 mm in diameter. In principle, they do not even need a platform. The runners of these sledges, made of a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 30 mm, smoothly pass into a traverse welded between them from the same pipe, all three parts look like a single element. As they say, he has already filled his hand, and therefore the matter was arguing. But then the relatives came. They not only positively evaluated my products, but also asked me to make them similar. Without postponing things indefinitely, he began to manufacture the following sledges. At the request of the customers, they were a symbiosis of the previous ones: the size and design of the skids - like those of water carriers, and the racks with a cargo platform - like those of utility ones. Here I note that literally the day before I bought a device for blind rivets. It was on these sleds that he tested it, attaching a platform of 10 mm plywood to the racks with such rivets.
In the evening, on the made sled (Fig. 3 in the photo), the guests took to their apartment a bag of potatoes and vegetables stored in our cellar. But the paint on the sled has not yet had time to dry properly. And yet, no matter how good all the previous sledges are, they are only suitable for "snow-rolled" or "ice" roads. For virgin snow, other sleds are needed. We simply call them drags, but the North American Indians called them more sonorously - toboggan, and this name stuck with them as an international one. Volokush has a different design. Firstly, she does not have skids, and therefore she looks more like a trough. In this design, the drag is difficult to control and it "skids" at every turn, especially at speed, when, for example, it is hitched to a snowmobile. Therefore, my off-road sled is also a symbiosis, only now sled and drag (Fig. 4). The drag runners, like those of the sled, were made from a pipe with an outer diameter of 30 mm, and the loading platform-trough was made from a steel sheet 1 mm thick. On the sides of the trough there are sides, and in front and behind - traverses with holes for the passage of ropes securing the load. Traverses can also be made as flanging of the bottom, for example, by folding its edges in half or even three times. The skids are bent at both ends, that is, the design is made according to the "push-pull" principle. The reins are fixed in holes in the bent ends of the runners, and then the ends are plugged with wooden plugs so that snow does not get into the pipes. I made such a dragger as a gift to my hunter friend as a trailer for a snowmobile. Author: A.Matvejchuk
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