Reverse gear. Drawing, description

PERSONAL TRANSPORT: GROUND, WATER, AIR
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Reverse gear. Personal transport

Personal transport: land, water, air

Directory / Personal transport: land, water, air

"I purchased a ZID engine, I'm going to use it on a microtractor. But I ran into difficulties in arranging the power transmission from the engine to the wheels, as well as reversing the movement. Maybe someone has already solved this problem?"

I have been involved in technical work for ten years. During this time, he built five microtractors of various modifications. The latter - with an engine from a motorized carriage FDD and a home-made reversing mechanism as a rear axle gearbox.

The gearbox has a gear ratio of 1:4,62, which made it possible to unload the engine gearbox and get good not only traction, but also driving characteristics: on the road, the microtractor develops a speed of up to 25 km/h.

There are already several similar cars in our city. They are reliable helpers in personal plots; for many years of operation - not a single breakdown!

It is possible that our reverse mechanism will be of interest to DIYers involved in the manufacture of motorized means of mechanization of agricultural labor, as well as constructing various all-terrain vehicles. The gearbox fits well with any motorcycle (and not only motorcycle) engines that have an asterisk on the output shaft for a conventional roller chain. Moreover, it can be used as a purely reversible gearbox (with torque transmission from the engine output shaft to the rear axle by a cardan shaft) or as the rear axle itself (with one-wheel drive), as is done on our microtractors.

(click to enlarge)

Rice. 1. Gearbox layout (click to enlarge): 1 - gearbox housing, 2 - driven gear (2 pcs.), 3 - hub (2 pcs.), 4 - reverse bushing, 5 - bearing No. 7506, 6 - end cap, 7 - splined shaft, 8 - right gearbox cover, 9 - gasket package (4 pcs.), 10 - bearing housing, 11 - bearing housing cover, 12, 22 - cuff plugs, 13, 23 - sealing cuffs, 14 - drive sprocket, 15 - M8X25 bolt (6 pcs.), 16 - spacer washers, 17 - M10X25 bolt (8 pcs.), 18 - bearing No. 208 (2 pcs.), 19 - drive gear with shank, 20 - left gearbox cover , 21 - bearing No. 206 (6 pcs.), 24 - M8X30 bolt (12 pcs.), 25 - splined shaft cover, 26 - M8X20 bolt (12 pcs.), 27 - M10X20 bolt (12 pcs.), 28 - reverse fork, 29 - splined flange, 30 - reverse engagement mechanism, 31 - reverse engagement lever

The gearbox is assembled using parts of the final drive of a decommissioned GAZ-69 car. The driving bevel gear (its shank is installed in bearings No. 208) receives rotation from the drive sprocket mounted on the shank. Further, the torque is transmitted to one of the two driven bevel gears rotating in bearings No. 206 on the splined shaft. At any given moment, one of them works, which is engaged with the reverse sleeve on the central splines of the shaft. From the latter, the movement of the cardan is transmitted either to the differential or directly to the drive wheel of the vehicle.

The body of the reversible gearbox is made of a thick-walled gas pipe Ø 273 mm. The rest of the parts are machined from steel 3, except for the hubs, sprocket, stem, fork and reverse bushings - these are made of steel 45 with subsequent hardening. Particular attention was paid to the cams of the hubs and the reverse bushing, as they carry significant dynamic loads.

Rice. 2. Reducer housing (click to enlarge): 1 - pipe, 2 - ring (2 pcs.), 3 - bearing assembly flange

Reverse gear
Rice. 3. Left gearbox cover: 1 - cover, 2 - bearing housing

Rice. 4. Reverse engagement mechanism (click to enlarge): 1 - lining, 2 - bushing, 3 - stem, 4 - casing, 5 - nut M16x1,5, 6 - reverse fork, 7 - threaded head, 8 - plug screw M12x1,75 ,9, 10 - spring, 11 - ball, XNUMX - stem fork

The degree of pressing the drive gear to the driven ones is regulated by gaskets between the housing and the flange of the bearing assembly.

The reverse sleeve is thrown to the right or left (according to the drawing) with a fork sitting on the rod of the reverse mechanism. The final ("forward" or "backward") and intermediate ("neutral") positions of the fork are fixed by a spring-loaded ball entering the stem grooves. The latter is connected to the reverse lever, which controls the reverse gear.

Author: N.Korchagin

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