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PERSONAL TRANSPORT: GROUND, WATER, AIR
Modular microcar Belka. Personal transport
Directory / Personal transport: land, water, air This small, elegant walking and sports "jeep" can radically change the whole appearance in just half an hour. It is worth rearranging two or three structural elements - and you have a buggy in front of you. And if there is a desire to stop "Squirrel" in a tourist car, then it is enough to install a removable awning-fairing on it. Without much difficulty, it turns into a light truck. If necessary, the car can be easily disassembled and folded into its own cargo body, like in a box.
Despite the relatively small size ("Squirrel" is freely placed even on the desk!), This is not a toy, but a real car. Its speed is about 40 km / h, and the fuel in the gas tank is enough for 100 km. How did the idea of a modular car come about? First of all, we were not satisfied with the timing of the design and construction of "traditional" cars - our boys had time to grow up, finish school and leave the club without ever sitting behind the wheel. The schemes using a frame and non-technological profiled panels under the conditions of a circle were not suitable for us either. Such designs, in addition to the fact that their implementation requires too much time and effort, are also absolutely unchanged - it is very difficult to make another machine based on the old one. Building a new car without using elements of the old one is expensive.
And the last thing that prompted to take up the development of a transformable microcar was the problem of storage. The number of our developments has slowly but steadily increased; we kept a few cars in the laboratory, the rest in the garage. Interest in them disappeared, because the guys wanted to try their hand at building their own car, and gradually the work of several generations of circle members turned into scrap metal. All this made us turn to a fundamentally new idea - to design a multi-purpose block (modular) car. There were, however, objections: some thought that the design of such a machine would put the young designer in a rigid framework that hindered the flight of creative imagination. But most of the guys were inclined to think that this would not happen. On the contrary, design limitations will allow the young car builder to show maximum ingenuity when working out his own version based on a standard set of elements. Now let's mentally open the box-body and consider what makes up the basis of the autoconstructor. The body of the "Squirrel" truck is a box assembled from six-millimeter plywood and edged with a duralumin corner. Above are the details of the driver's seat - the back and seat. They are simple - the base (plywood 6 mm thick) with foam glued on it is covered with red artificial leather. The overall dimensions of the seat are 570x300 mm. Under the details of the seat lies a steel sheet 720x510 mm 2 mm thick, glued on one side with corrugated rubber - this is the bottom of the car. Twelve holes Ø 4 mm along the edge of the sheet are designed for attaching the floor to the body. After removing the bottom, you will find six side panels under it, which are the basis of the car body, since almost all other elements of the body are attached to them. In the center of the box, between the side panels, there is space for four wheels 3,50-5 model V-25 A. They contain eight rims and two hubs with bearings and axles complete with pivot pins and longitudinal rods. Even lower are two rocking chairs of the front axle, welded from gas pipes with an external Ø 20 mm. There is also a sub-frame, which simultaneously serves as the base of the rear axle and its suspension. It is welded from gas pipes Ø 30 mm. In the same box-body, the spinal frame of a square-section car 40x40 mm with lugs welded to it for attaching the rocking chairs of the front and rear axles is also laid. Under the frame are two springs (front - transverse and rear - longitudinal) and four stepladders with an overlay "us for attaching the suspension to the frame. Strips of springs can be picked up from a Moskvich car of any brand. The designer kit also includes a steering wheel, a steering column with brackets and leashes, and transverse rods with hinges. In a separate package - carburetor throttle, clutch and brake pedals. At the very bottom of the body, a hood panel, a windshield, a rear seat back support (it is also a gas tank hood), front and rear fenders, an instrument panel and two steel corner profiles 20x20 mm 720 mm long are laid. A special compartment contains headlights and sidelights, position lights, cables, speedometer, toggle switches, a set of electrical wiring elements and a package of fasteners - bolts, screws, washers and nuts. Socket wrenches and screwdrivers are not forgotten either. The VP-150 engine is packed together with a gas tank, a fuel line hose and a kickstarter in a separate box. A set of car parts is available. Now let's try to put together one of the variants of the autoconstructor, in particular, the microcar "Squirrel" - "jeep". It is best to start assembling with the chassis. To do this, lay the spinal frame on the mounting platform and pivotally connect the sub-frame and front axle rockers to it with two M10 bolts. We insert the ends of the front transverse spring into the support brackets of the front axle rocking chairs, and fix its center with two stepladders on the frame. The motor shaft is inserted into the left bushing of the sub-frame, and it is docked to the frame with two stop bolts. The axis of a free-rolling wheel with bearings and a cage is inserted into the right bushing of the sub-frame. After that, it is possible to mount the rear longitudinal spring, one of the ends of which should be in the support bracket of the under-engine swing frame, and the other is fixed with two ladders on the spinal frame. Now let's start mounting the rear wheels. The first step is to assemble the tire with the camera and both disks with the help of three bolts and nuts and pump up the wheel. The wheels are mounted on the studs of the rear axle hubs equipped with brake pads and discs. The rear axle is thus completely assembled.
The next step is to assemble the front axle. First, two swivel pins with axle shafts of the front wheels are installed on the fists of the rocking chairs, fixed with pivots and cotter pins. Hubs with bearings pressed into them are put on the axle shafts. The assembly of the front wheels is no different from the corresponding operations with the rear ones. It remains to put the steering column and lateral rods in place, and work on the chassis can be considered complete. Now it's the body's turn. To begin with, take a couple of body base panels and fasten them with four-millimeter bolts. Next, we mount the side panels, wings with the obligatory insertion of noise-absorbing elements. In the front and rear parts of the body, in the openings formed during assembly, we install two spacer corners and fix them with four bolts. We screw the bottom to the flanging of the wings. Next, the hood is sequentially fixed (do not forget about the gaskets!), The windshield, the instrument panel (attached with self-tapping screws), headlights and rear position lights. And in conclusion, a gas tank is installed in the finished case, and a speedometer, toggle switches and an ignition switch are installed on the dashboard. The body is almost assembled, it remains to put the pedals and control levers in place and mount the electrical wiring. Now the body can be docked with the chassis, install control cables and a gas line. The car "Squirrel" - "jeep" is assembled. You can hit the road. Author: M.Larkin
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