Wind turbine. Drawing, description

PERSONAL TRANSPORT: GROUND, WATER, AIR
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Wind turbine. Personal transport

Personal transport: land, water, air

Directory / Personal transport: land, water, air

Have you heard of such a ship? We confess not. And we learned from a letter from the Leningrad schoolboy Kolya Norkin, who has been closely following the latest in shipbuilding for several years. In one of the Polish magazines, he saw the design of an unusual vessel. He became interested in the design and even tried to build a model. But... it didn't work out. “It seems that there was not enough experience,” Nikolai complained. According to the sketch sent, having turned to the consultants for help, we figured out the design. It turned out to be really interesting, that's why we decided to offer a model of an unusual vessel to all the guys.

(click to enlarge)

What is a turbine, of course, you know. It generates electricity in power plants. As a prime mover, it is successfully used in aircraft, shipbuilding and even automotive industry. You are also familiar with the propeller. So, on our wind turbine they work as a pair. The wind turns the turbine, which in turn drives the propeller. And so that the ship has less resistance, it is put on floats. Original design solution, isn't it; and fuel is not needed, and everything is in order with the environment. True, the sea is calm. How adult designers solved this problem, we do not know. Kolya Norkin suggests installing batteries that will power the propeller engine in calm weather. And the same turbine will recharge them. Well, the arguments of the young shipbuilder are not without common sense. But let's build a simplified model first.

As you can see, she is without a hull and deck superstructures. After all, the main thing in a wind turbine is the "turbine - propeller" unit. We'll talk about it.

Let's start with turbine 4. It should be light, otherwise, to keep the model afloat, it is necessary to increase the size of the floats, and therefore the resistance to movement.

We think that a diameter of 205 mm is quite sufficient for a turbine, and we will choose a drum with a thickness of 85 mm.

The turbine is assembled from two discs and six blades. For disks, use thin cardboard, and cut out the blades from drawing paper. Before gluing them to the lower disk, mark the slots as shown in the figure. This is a responsible operation, the operation of the turbine depends on it. When the glue is dry and you are sure that the blades are firmly fixed, glue the top disc. Poke holes under the shaft with an awl, strengthen these places with tin washers, gluing them with BF-2 or Moment glue.

Now let's deal with casing 3. It is made in the form of a weather vane. Guessed why? To ensure that the turbine blades are always located in the wind. The easiest way is to solder the casing from a thin wire (do not solder the lower jumpers yet - they will be needed to put the casing on the sleeve during assembly). Glue the cylindrical and tail parts with thin paper or foil, as shown in the figure. Try on the casing for the turbine, mark the holes for the shaft 5. It can be a flat steel spoke.

Model 7 surface hull and 9 floats are easiest to make from foam. They are interconnected by wire braces 2, mounted on tin clamps 6. To keep them more securely on the body, make a shallow groove in it (see Fig.).

Now let's start making the propeller. As you know, the number and profile of the section of its blades depend on the type and purpose of the vessel. For our model, a two- or three-bladed convex propeller will do. We'll tell you how to make a three-bladed one.

On a sheet of tin or thin brass, draw a circle with a diameter of 50-65 mm with a compass. Without changing the solution of the compass, divide it into three equal parts. Connect the resulting points to the center. Then cut the workpiece along the circumference and make cuts along the radial marking, not reaching the center 3-4 mm. These are future blades. Oval their wings. Make a shaft from a bicycle spoke. Bend one end 3 mm long at a right angle. Drill a hole in the center of the screw blank. Put it on the bent end of the shaft and solder it. Thoroughly clean the place of soldering with a file and fine sandpaper. To make the propeller throw water better, bend the blades to the side by 30-35 °. Even better if you can give them a convex profile. Now select the holder-coupling according to the diameter of the shaft, solder the braces to it.

It remains to cut out the steering wheels 10 from the foam. You ask: why are they so complicated? Isn't it easier to use strips of tin by attaching them to the floats? Of course, you can do that too. But the foam rudders-airplanes increase the buoyancy of the model and, thanks to the horizontal tail, improve its stability. So it's better to work hard. And besides, the dimensions of both rudders and floats will have to be selected experimentally, since they depend on the weight of the surface part.

A few words about assembly. Install turbine 4 with casing 3 on shaft 5 so that the upper end of the shaft rises slightly above the casing. Remove the cover and fix the shaft on the turbine by soldering according to the marks. Put a celluloid washer on its free end - it will act as a bearing. Then, leaving a gap of 1-1,5 mm, solder the support washer 11 to the shaft.

From a piece of plastic, make a sleeve 12 and install the casing support ring in its groove. To make the casing rotate freely, fill the groove of the bushing with thick grease. Now it is possible to install the body 7 assembled with floats and rudders on the shaft (braces 2 are attached to the floats with nuts 8). Tape the top surface of the casing with paper and lower the model into the water.

"And the propeller?!" - you ask. We will now install it. Connect the turbine and propeller shafts with a nipple rubber tube. Lower the propeller into the water so that the blades are completely submerged, and fix the propeller shaft by soldering in this position.

Now you can test the model on the go. After waiting for the wind, let her sail. Regardless of its direction, your wind turbine will always go forward (see positions A and B).

According to the magazine "Young Technician"

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