Means of control, measurement and accounting

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Section 2. Electrical equipment and electrical installations for general purposes

Chapter 2.11. Means of control, measurement and accounting

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Rules for the technical operation of consumer electrical installations (PTE)

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2.11.1. This chapter applies to systems for monitoring the technological parameters of equipment, means for measuring its operating modes (stationary and portable), as well as means for accounting for electrical energy (active and reactive energy meters).

2.11.2. The scope of equipment of electrical installations with control systems, technical means for measuring and accounting for electrical energy must comply with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation and provide: control over the technical condition of the equipment and its modes of operation; accounting of generated, supplied and consumed electricity; compliance with safe working conditions and sanitary norms and rules; control over environmental protection.

2.11.3. Systems for monitoring the technological parameters of equipment, its modes of operation, accounting for electrical energy and information-measuring systems must be equipped with measuring instruments and technical means that meet the established requirements, including metrological support, organized on the basis of rules and regulations that provide for the unity and required accuracy of measurements.

It is allowed to use non-standardized measuring instruments that have passed metrological certification in the prescribed manner.

2.11.4. Installation and operation of measuring instruments and metering of electrical energy is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the rules for the installation of electrical installations and the instructions of manufacturers.

2.11.5. For periodic inspection and preventive maintenance of measuring instruments and metering of electric energy, supervision of their condition, inspection, repair and testing of these instruments, the Consumer, in accordance with state standards, may create a metrological service or other structure to ensure the uniformity of measurements.

If such a service exists, it must be equipped with calibration and repair equipment and exemplary measuring instruments in accordance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documents.

2.11.6. All means of measuring and accounting for electrical energy, as well as information-measuring systems must be in good condition and ready for operation. For the period of repair of measuring instruments or metering devices with operating technological power equipment, reserve means must be installed instead of them (except for the cases specified in clause 2.11.17).

2.11.7. Prior to the commissioning of the main equipment of the Consumer, information-measuring systems must be metrologically certified, and during operation they must be subjected to periodic verification.

Use as settlement information and measuring systems that have not passed metrological certification is not allowed.

2.11.8. Working measuring instruments used to control technological parameters for which measurement accuracy is not standardized can be transferred to the category of indicators. The list of such measuring instruments must be approved by the head of the Consumer.

2.11.9. Verification of settlement means of accounting for electric energy and exemplary measuring instruments is carried out within the time limits established by state standards, as well as after the repair of these means.

2.11.10. The timing of verification of electrical measuring instruments built into power equipment (current and voltage transformers, shunts, electrical converters, etc.) must correspond to the overhaul intervals of the equipment on which they are installed. The scope of equipment repairs should include the dismantling, verification and installation of these measuring instruments.

2.11.11. Passports (or journals) are drawn up for measuring and metering of electrical energy, in which notes are made on all repairs, calibrations and verifications.

The frequency and scope of verification of settlement meters must comply with the requirements of current regulatory and technical documents.

Positive results of the meter verification are certified by a verification mark or a verification certificate.

The frequency and volume of calibration of settlement meters are established by local instructions.

Calibration of the settlement meter at the place of its operation, if provided for by local instructions, can be carried out without violating the verification mark by a certified representative of the energy supply organization in the presence of an employee responsible for electricity metering at the energy facility. Calibration does not replace the verification provided for by normative and technical documents. Calibration results are documented in an act.

2.11.12. Stationary measuring instruments, by which the operating mode of electrical equipment and power lines is controlled, must be marked with a mark corresponding to the nominal value of the measured value. The dimensions and method of marking must comply with the requirements of state standards for measuring instrument scales. Devices powered by an external source must be equipped with a voltage signaling device.

2.11.13. Each electrical energy meter (meter) must have an inscription indicating the name of the connection on which electricity is metered. It is allowed to make an inscription on the panel next to the counter, if it is possible to unambiguously determine the belonging of the inscriptions to each counter.

2.11.14. Monitoring of the operation of electrical energy measuring and metering instruments, including recording instruments and devices with automatic recording acceleration in emergency modes, at electrical substations (in switchgears) should be carried out by operational or operational and repair personnel of departments, determined by the decision of the Consumer responsible for the electrical economy.

2.11.15. Responsibility for the safety and cleanliness of the external elements of measuring instruments and metering of electric energy lies with the personnel servicing the equipment on which they are installed. All violations in the operation of measuring instruments and metering of electric energy must be immediately reported by the personnel to the unit that performs the functions of the metrological service of the Consumer. Opening of electrical measuring instruments, not related to work to ensure normal recording by registering devices, is allowed only to the personnel of the department that performs the functions of the metrological service of the Consumer, and measuring instruments for settlements with suppliers or Consumers - to the personnel of the department together with their representatives.

2.11.16. The installation and replacement of measuring current and voltage transformers, to the secondary circuits of which settlement meters are connected, is carried out by the personnel of the Consumer operating them with the permission of the energy supply organization.

The replacement and verification of settlement meters, according to which settlements are made between energy supply organizations and Consumers, is carried out by the owner of the metering devices in agreement with the energy supply organization. At the same time, the time of unmetered electricity consumption and the average power consumption should be fixed by a bilateral act.

2.11.17. The Consumer is obliged to immediately notify the energy supply organization about all defects or cases of failures in the operation of settlement meters of electric energy.

The personnel of the power facility is responsible for the safety of the settlement meter, its seals and for the compliance of the electricity metering circuits with the established requirements.

Breaking the seal on the settlement meter, if it is not caused by force majeure, invalidates the electricity metering carried out by this settlement meter.

2.11.20. The power supply organization must seal:

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terminal blocks of current transformers;

covers of transition boxes where there are circuits to electric meters;

current circuits of settlement meters in cases where electrical measuring instruments and protection devices are connected to current transformers together with meters;

test boxes with clamps for shunting the secondary windings of current transformers and the junction of voltage circuits when the calculated meters are turned off for their replacement or verification;

lattices and doors of chambers where current transformers are installed;

lattices or doors of chambers where fuses are installed on the high and low voltage side of the voltage transformers to which the calculated meters are connected;

devices on the handles of the voltage transformer disconnector drives, to which the calculated meters are connected.

In the secondary circuits of voltage transformers to which settlement meters are connected, the installation of fuses without monitoring their integrity with an effect on the signal is not allowed.

Verified settlement meters must have the seals of the organization that performed the verification on the fastening of the casings, and the seal of the energy supply organization on the cover of the meter terminal block.

To protect electrical measuring instruments, switching devices and detachable connections of electrical circuits in metering circuits from unauthorized access, they must be marked with special signs of visual control in accordance with established requirements.

See other articles Section Rules for the technical operation of consumer electrical installations (PTE).

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