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Magnolia. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Content

1. Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
2. Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
3. Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
4. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
5. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Magnolia, Magnolia. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Magnolia (Magnolia)

Family: Magnoliaceae (Magnoliaceae)

Origin: The genus originates from the northern tropical regions of South and Southeast Asia, as well as from eastern North America.

Area: Representatives of the Magnolia genus are common in many countries, including Japan, China, Korea, Vietnam, the USA and Canada.

Chemical composition: Various parts of magnolias contain various biologically active compounds, including lignans, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and others. Certain members of the Magnolia genus contain essential oils.

Economic value: Some representatives of the Magnolia genus are used in landscape design and as ornamental plants. Certain species are also used medicinally, including magnolia oval (Magnolia officinalis) and magnolia chinensis (Magnolia biondii), which are used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat a variety of ailments. Some magnolias are also used in perfumes and cosmetics.

Legends, myths, symbolism: In ancient Chinese mythology, magnolia is associated with beauty and femininity. Legend has it that the beautiful daughter of Magnolia was the beloved wife of one of the Chinese emperors. She was as beautiful as the flowers of her parent tree, and her beauty was so amazing that people began to call her "magnolia". In China, magnolia also symbolizes eternity and longevity. In Japanese culture, magnolia is a symbol of spiritual beauty and perfection. It is also associated with the beginning of spring and acquaints the Japanese with the onset of cherry blossom season. In European culture, magnolia is associated with nobility, elegance and beauty. In the Victorian era, the magnolia was a symbol of sophistication and luxury, and was used to decorate luxurious rooms and gardens.

Magnolia. Magnolia. Description, illustrations of the plant

Magnolia. Legends and tales

According to Chinese legends, in ancient times, evil Honghuzi attacked a peaceful Chinese village, killed men, old people and children, took cattle, destroyed rice crops, and one hundred of the most beautiful girls were tied up and left in the square. Ninety-nine days and nights the invaders had fun, and every morning they killed one of the captives.

When the time came to die last, she hugged the ground on which the dead bodies of her friends lay, and began to lament bitterly: “Native land! You raised our fathers and mothers, you saw death and our torment. Do not allow decay to devastate our young bodies. Don't let us disappear forever!"

And when the drunken hunghuses woke up the next morning, there was not a single girl in the square, only a large beautiful tree grew there, and a hundred beautiful white and pink buds were ready to open on it in all their splendor. The robbers in wild anger cut the tree into pieces and scattered it on fast horses over the steppes and foothills. But where a part of the magic tree fell, a new plant appeared in that place, on which a hundred tender buds, a hundred resurrected girlish hearts, bloomed every spring.

This tree was a magnolia.

Magnolia. Botanical description, plant history, legends and folk traditions, cultivation and use

Many types of magnolias are among the popular trees and shrubs bred for ornamental purposes.

Everyone arriving on the Black Sea coast of the Crimea and the Caucasus notices first of all the magnolia. However, one hundred - one hundred and fifty years ago, there were no magnals either in Sukhumi or in other cities of southern Russia. And two hundred and fifty years ago they were not even in Europe.

The first magnolia was brought to Europe from America only at the end of the XNUMXth or at the beginning of the XNUMXth century. And when the Europeans met her, their delight was indescribable. A "magnolia fever" began, similar to "tulip fever" in Holland. Gardeners began to steal flowering trees from each other and ship them to Holland in exchange for tulip bulbs.

The Garden of Curiosities on Mill Hill in Midessek, owned by an Englishman, a friend of Carl Linnaeus P. Collins, suffered greatly at the same time. This garden has been robbed twice. Theft took such proportions that newspapers intervened. On July 4, 1768, the English newspaper The Daily Advertiser appealed to Parliament with a request to stop the robbery of thieves.

The name "magnolia" was given to this ornamental plant by Carl Linnaeus in honor of the director of the botanical garden in Montpellier, P. Magnol. The Americans call magnolias either cucumber trees, because their fruits resemble cucumbers, or umbrella trees, because the leaves of the tree, collected at the ends of the branches, form an umbrella. Of these, the most attractive magnolia large-leaved. Its leaves are up to a meter long, and under one leaf it is quite possible to hide from the rain, and there are six or seven of them in an umbrella.

American magnolias have white or cream flowers.

In Asia, magnolias grow, the flowers of which are pink or red, and they bloom when there are no leaves on the trees. One of the Asian magnolias grows on Kunashir, one of the islands of the Kuril chain.

Its leaves are green above and bluish-white below, similar to letter paper, and were previously used instead of postcards.

But the most famous is the evergreen magnolia of the south. The height of an adult tree reaches thirty meters. Hung with glossy leathery leaves and white cup-shaped flowers, it resembles a brightly lit Christmas tree. The smell of flowers is spicy, intoxicating. Oversaturated air can cause dizziness and even fainting.

A valuable essential oil is extracted from the leaves, flowers and young branches of magnolias. And in hot weather, the trees evaporate it in such quantity that it is worth bringing a lit match, as a violet flame flares up.

The Magnolia family includes twelve genera and about two hundred and thirty species, among which there are many amazing plants known since ancient times. Among them is the "sacred ear-flower" of the Aztecs, whose thick fleshy petals with curled edges resemble a human ear.

This is the famous ylang-ylang - "fluttering flower", the oil from the petals of which is highly valued in the production of perfumes; it is also a "masterpiece of nature" - the Inca plant cherimoya, whose fruits have no equal in their exquisite taste and aroma. An amazing plant is also caulifloria, whose flowers grow directly on the trunk; however, the most famous among all is perhaps the nutmeg, an evergreen tree fifteen meters high.

The history of the settlement of nutmeg is full of heroic and dramatic events. First coming from India to Europe in the middle of the XNUMXth century, nutmeg spices are quickly conquering the world market.

Due to the dangerous and long journey from India to Europe, spices were very expensive and were worth their weight in gold, and therefore became a symbol of wealth and were used as money. Despite the dangers, their trade was very profitable, the Europeans tried to take it into their own hands and, without the mediation of Arab merchants, get to the Moluccas - the legendary homeland of spices.

In pursuit of them, the greatest geographical discoveries were made. In 1498, the Portuguese, led by Vasco da Gama, opened a new sea route to India, and at the beginning of the XNUMXth century, the Spaniards, led by Magellan, circumnavigating South America, made the world's first circumnavigation.

The price of nutmeg begins to fall only at the end of the XNUMXth century, when the French manage to break the Dutch monopoly and plant nutmeg trees on other islands in the Indian Ocean.

Japanese archaeologists on the island of Hokkaido discovered a petrified flower that bloomed eighty million years ago. Under the microscope, even the seeds of this plant, similar to one of the varieties of modern magnolia, are clearly visible. Biologists who examined the rare find claim that this is the first known fossil flower of the Mesozoic era.

According to Chinese legends, in ancient times, evil Honghuzi attacked a peaceful Chinese village, killed men, old people and children, took cattle, destroyed rice crops, and one hundred of the most beautiful girls were tied up and left in the square. Ninety-nine days and nights the invaders had fun, and every morning they killed one of the captives.

When the time came to die last, she hugged the ground on which the dead bodies of her friends lay, and began to lament bitterly: “Native land! You raised our fathers and mothers, you saw death and our torment. Do not allow decay to devastate our young bodies. Don't let us disappear forever!"

And when the drunken hunghuses woke up the next morning, there was not a single girl in the square, only a large beautiful tree grew there, and a hundred beautiful white and pink buds were ready to open on it in all their splendor.

The robbers in wild anger cut the tree into pieces and scattered it on fast horses over the steppes and foothills. But where a part of the magic tree fell, a new plant grew in that place, on which a hundred tender buds, a hundred resurrected girlish hearts, bloomed every spring. This tree was a magnolia.

In many places in the Crimea and the Caucasus, you can find entire plantations and streets lined with magnolias. Magnolia streets in Adler, Sukhumi and Sochi are amazing. It's nice that people give them entire avenues. Lush moon-shaped flowers, as if filled with inner light, delight the eye, give these southern cities an unusual charm.

Author: Krasikov S.

Magnolia grandiflora, Magnolia grandiflora L. Botanical description, range and habitats, chemical composition, use in medicine and industry

An evergreen tree with a densely leafy pyramidal crown, 30-45 m high, of the magnolia family (Magnoliaceae).

Leaves are petiolate, alternate, leathery, elliptical or obovate, 12-25 cm long, shiny, dark green above, reddish-brown below.

The flowers are large, white, very fragrant, located singly at the ends of the branches.

The fruit is an elliptical multileaf 8-12 cm long. Seeds 5-8 cm long, obovate or ellipsoidal.

Blooms from May to September.

Range and habitats. The plant is native to North America. In nature, the species range covers the southeastern states of the United States (from North Carolina to Florida and Texas). As an ornamental plant, it is grown in Georgia, the Crimea, Central Asia, some regions of the Krasnodar Territory of Russia, the Astrakhan Region and Kiev.

Usually confined to swampy forests along river banks, where it occurs together with willow oak (Quercus phellos), black oak (Quercus nigra), chestnut oak (Quercus montana), Ulmus alata, Nyssa biflora, three-petal magnolia (Magnolia tripetala), Liquidambar stiraciflna and other breeds. It reaches its largest size in the Mississippi River valley on rich soils along the coastal hills.

Chemical composition. Magnolia leaves contain up to 0,59% essential oil containing esters (up to 10,6%), phenols (about 3%), carbonyl compounds D%), cineole, citral and a mixture of sesquiterpenes. The leaves also contain glycosides 0,24%), including rutin. The bark contains magnoflorin base. Up to 0,016% essential oil was found in flowers; essential oil was found in the fruits, up to 42,5% fatty oil, consisting of myristic, palmitic, stearic, peanut, oleic and linolenic acids.

Application in medicine. Magnolia grandiflora leaf tincture has antihypertensive properties.

Liquid extract of magnolia grandiflora is used in the early stages of hypertension.

Other uses. It is widely used in green building to create groups, alleys and for single landings.

Leaves, flowers, young branches can be used to obtain essential oil.

Authors: Turova A.D., Sapozhnikova E.N.

Magnolia, Magnolia. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

Ethnoscience:

• magnolia sinensis (Magnolia officinalis) is used to treat anxiety, depression, insomnia, headache, arthritis, dyspepsia and other ailments. The bark and fruits of Chinese magnolia contain magnolol and herricidin, which have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
• Magnolia nude (Magnolia virginiana) is used in folk medicine to treat stomach pain, headache, rheumatism and other ailments. Magnolia naked bark contains hydroxycarboxylic acid and essential oil, which have antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effects.
• Magnolia star (Magnolia stellata) is used to treat allergic reactions, runny nose, headaches and other ailments. Star magnolia flowers contain essential oils and alkaloids that have a calming and anti-inflammatory effect.

Cosmetology:

• Facial oil: mix 1 tablespoon of jojoba oil, 1 tablespoon of almond oil and 3-4 drops of magnolia oil. Apply to face and neck after cleansing skin.
• Hand cream: withstir in 2 tablespoons of coconut oil, 1 tablespoon of shea butter and 5-6 drops of magnolia oil. Apply to hands before bed.
• Magnolia hair mask: Mix 2 tablespoons of coconut oil, 1 tablespoon of honey and 3-4 drops of magnolia oil. Apply to hair for 30 minutes before shampooing.
• Body Scrub: Mix together 1/2 cup sea salt, 1/4 cup olive oil, and 3-4 drops of magnolia oil. Massage the skin of the body in circular motions, then rinse with water.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Magnolia, Magnolia. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Magnolia (Magnolia) is a beautiful tree or shrub with large fragrant flowers, which are often used in landscaping.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing magnolia:

Cultivation:

• Magnolia prefers a sunny or semi-shady place. It can grow in a variety of soil types, but it does best in light, well-drained soils with a neutral to slightly acidic pH.
• Magnolias need a lot of room to grow. They can grow up to 10-15 meters in height and have a width of 6-10 meters.
• Magnolias are best planted in the fall or spring when the soil is warm enough. They need a deep hole with well-drained soil, which should be twice the size of the root.
• Plants should be planted at least 3-4 meters apart to give them enough room to grow.
• Planting holes should be filled with humus, compost or humus to ensure good drainage and nutrition for the plants.
• Magnolias need moderate watering, especially during times of drought. But waterlogging the soil should be avoided, as this can lead to root rot.
• Magnolia needs regular feeding in spring and summer to ensure healthy growth and development. It can be fertilized with organic or mineral fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
• Pruning a magnolia is not required, but if you want to change its shape or remove damaged or diseased branches, then you should do this during the dormant period, before the start of spring.
• During dry periods, special attention should be paid to the control of pests and diseases such as spider mites, mealybugs and bacterial leaf spot.

Workpiece:

• Magnolia flowers can be used to create fragrant bouquets or as decorative items.
• Flowers can be picked at the moment of their full disclosure, when they are at the peak of their beauty and fragrance.

Storage:

• Cut magnolia flowers keep fresh in vases with water for a few days to a few weeks.
• Magnolia flowers can also be frozen for further use in cooking and decoration.

Magnolia is a beautiful plant that can be grown in your garden or in pots on your balcony. Follow these tips to grow, harvest and store magnolia and use it as a decorative or aromatic item.

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