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Siberian fir. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Content

1. Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
2. Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
3. Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
4. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
5. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Siberian fir, Abies sibirica. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Fir (Abies)

Family: Pine (Pinaceae)

Origin: Siberian fir is endemic to Siberia, also common in some parts of Europe and Asia.

Area: Siberian fir grows in central Siberia, Western and Eastern Siberia, Kamchatka, Japan, the Kuril Islands, Sakhalin, China and Mongolia.

Chemical composition: Fir resin is a source of many useful substances, such as tannins, essential oils, bitterness, tannins and phytoncides.

Economic value: Siberian fir is used in construction and for the manufacture of paper, as well as in the furniture industry. In medicine, fir extract is used to treat diseases of the upper respiratory tract, including to reduce the symptoms of cough and nasal congestion. In cosmetology, fir extracts have been used as antioxidants, as well as to strengthen hair and nails.

Legends, myths, symbolism: In the culture of the Siberian peoples, Siberian fir was a sacred tree and was used in ceremonies and rituals. The plant was believed to have magical properties and help provide protection from negative energy and evil spirits. In the symbolism of Siberian fir, it is associated with health and longevity. It is believed that the plant helps to improve health and prolong life. In the culture of some peoples, Siberian fir is associated with spiritual purity and wisdom. It is believed that the plant helps to find spiritual harmony and blessing.

Siberian fir, Abies sibirica. Description, illustrations of the plant

Siberian fir, Abies sibirica. Botanical description of the plant, areas of growth and ecology, economic importance, applications

Pine family, coniferous masses, Gymnosperms department.

Fir is the main tree of the dark coniferous taiga. It forms taiga dark coniferous forests, can grow in parks and mixed forests.

Fir is a tall, more than 30 m tree with a narrow conical crown and smooth dark gray bark. In the axils of the needles in the upper part of last year's shoots, spikelets with pollen are located. At the ends of last year's shoots sticking up, there are female cones, consisting of numerous woody seed and short membranous covering scales.

Fir lives up to 300 years.

Fir grows on fertile soils and does not develop well on waterlogged ones. In the Far North and high in the mountains or in conditions of strong shading, the plant takes the form of an elfin creeping along the ground. Fir withstands severe frosts in winter, lack of light in summer, but suffers from spring and autumn frosts. It is very sensitive to air and soil pollution. Where this tree grows, there is a good ecological situation.

On the shoots of fir, perennial needles are spirally located. The needles are flat, blunt, 2–3 cm long. Their upper side is dark green, and the lower side has two whitish stripes. The needles are kept on the shoots up to 10-12 years. In cones, each seed scale contains two winged seeds. Ripe cones crumble, and the central core of each cone remains on the tree.

Fir is widely used in construction, its wood is also used for paper production. Medicines are made from needles and fir branches.

Authors: Kozlova T.A., Sivoglazov V.I.

Siberian fir, Abies sibirica ledeb. Botanical description, habitat and habitats, chemical composition, use in medicine and industry

Siberian fir: 1 - general view; 2 - branch with male cones; 3 - branch with female cones; 4 - mature cone

The genus fir contains about 40 species distributed in the northern hemisphere; in our forests, there are 9 species, of which Siberian fir, common in the northeast of the European part of Russia, in the Urals, Western and Eastern Siberia, is of commercial importance. It is the main breed of the dark coniferous taiga. It is an evergreen tree up to 30 m high, slender, of the pine family (Pinaceae), with a smooth dark gray bark.

The shoots of the tree are covered with needles 2-3 cm long, green above, with two whitish stripes below. Male stripes are located in the axils of needles in the upper part of last year's shoots, female cones are located at the ends of last year's shoots singly, ripen during the summer, cone scales crumble in autumn or winter, releasing seeds.

Seed production begins at the age of 70 years of the tree, and twice as early in open areas. The tree lives up to 300 years. Fir needles contain 1,3-2,35% essential oil, which serves as a raw material for the synthesis of camphor.

For industrial purposes, camphor laurel was previously used - young leafy shoots.

Range and habitats. Asian look. Northwestern (Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region) and Northeastern (Heilongjiang) China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan (Mongolian and Kazakh parts of Altai, Tarbagatai, Dzungarian Alatau). The range in Russia is Siberia (where it reaches the upper reaches of the Aldan), the Urals, the east and northeast of the European part, to the Arkhangelsk, Kirov, eastern parts of the Vologda, northern Nizhny Novgorod, left-bank parts of the Kostroma and Ivanovo regions, but is practically absent in the Yaroslavl and Leningrad regions areas. Siberian fir grows wild in the left-bank (relative to the Volga) parts of the republics of Mari El, Chuvashia and Tatarstan

Chemical composition. Fir needles contain 1,3-2,35% essential oil, which serves as a raw material for the synthesis of camphor. For industrial purposes, camphor laurel was previously used - young leafy shoots.

The leaves contain 0,8-1,8% essential oil, the branches 0,8-2%; the main component of the essential oil of the leaves is camphor (up to 75%), branches - safrole, camphor and cineole.

Up to 4,2% essential oil was found in wood, containing up to 80-85% camphor; the roots also contain essential oil (up to 8%), the main components are camphor, safrole and cineol.

In addition to camphor, the essential oils of the plant contain camphene, bisabolene, camphorene, etc., as well as acetylaldehyde and organic acids. A significant amount of solid fatty oil was found in the seeds, which include glycerides of lauric, capric and oleic acids.

Application in medicine. From the needles of young branches (fir legs) and cones, essential fir oil is obtained by steam distillation (depending on the age of the tree, its content ranges from 0,8 to 4,75%), which is half bornyl acetate. The bornyl acetate fraction can be used for the semi-synthesis of medical camphor, used as a means of enhancing the activity of the heart, and as an external agent (camphor alcohol, camphor oil). It is also used in the perfume and soap industries.

The needles contain 200-900 mg% of ascorbic acid. The maximum content of ascorbic acid is observed in April.

Other uses. There are no resin passages in fir wood; it is light, soft, light yellow in color, easy to process. The stock of wood in middle-aged fir forests with a stand density of 0,6-0,9 is 175-330 m3/ha.

Fir gives logs for the production of lumber, the production of masts, poles and piles. Ranges: deck (for the manufacture of boats and decks of ships), resonant (for musical instruments), riveting (for the production of parts for jellied and dry barrels), sleeper, plywood and even aviation. Mine longitude and mine rack are necessary for fixing the vaults of mine workings.

Turpentine is obtained from resin.

The bark of freshly cut trees contains essential oil and tannins.

Fir balsam, contained in large resinous receptacles called "nodules", contains up to 30% essential oil and 70% resin, is processed and used in medicine (for the preparation of a number of preparations) and in optics for gluing elements of optical systems. To obtain a balm, the nodules are pierced and squeezed.

One of the most valuable conifers for landscape gardening in the north. It stands out among other conifers with the beauty of a narrow pyramidal crown with a sharp top, which is also preserved in old trees. The period of special decorativeness is spring, when young cones are purple in color, and male oval inflorescences are brownish-red or bright yellow with a reddish bloom.

Life expectancy is no more than 150-200 years, as the trunk is affected by rot. Up to 10 years it grows slowly.

Authors: Turova A.D., Sapozhnikova E.N.

Siberian fir, Abies sibirica. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

Ethnoscience:

• Cough treatment: for the treatment of cough, you can prepare an infusion of Siberian fir cones. To do this, pour 1 tablespoon of crushed Siberian fir cones with 1 glass of boiling water and leave for 15-20 minutes. The resulting infusion should be drunk 1/3 cup 3 times a day.
• Bronchitis treatment: for the treatment of bronchitis, you can use an infusion of Siberian fir in combination with honey. To do this, pour 1 tablespoon of chopped Siberian fir needles with 1 cup of boiling water and leave for 30 minutes. Then strain the infusion and add 1 tablespoon of honey to it. Take 1/4 cup 3 times a day.
• Cold treatment: Siberian fir can help treat colds. To do this, pour 1 tablespoon of chopped Siberian fir needles with 1 cup of boiling water and leave for 30 minutes. Then strain the infusion and add 1 teaspoon of honey and 1 teaspoon of lemon juice to it. Take 1/4 cup 3 times a day.
• Rheumatism treatment: for the treatment of rheumatism, you can use an infusion of Siberian fir needles. To do this, pour 2 tablespoons of chopped Siberian fir needles with 1 liter of boiling water and leave for 2 hours. Take 1/2 cup of infusion 3 times a day.
• Treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: for the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, you can use an infusion of Siberian fir cones. To do this, pour 1 tablespoon of chopped Siberian fir cones with 1 cup of boiling water and leave for 30 minutes. Take 1/2 cup of infusion 3 times a day before meals.
• Headache treatment: for the treatment of headaches, you can use aromatic oil from Siberian fir. To prepare it, you need to mix 10 drops of Siberian fir oil with 1 tablespoon of jojoba oil. The resulting oil should be massaged at the temples and the back of the head.

Cosmetology:

• Mask for the face: mix 1 teaspoon of chopped Siberian fir needles with 1 teaspoon of honey and 1 teaspoon of olive oil. Apply the resulting mask on your face for 10-15 minutes, then rinse with warm water. This mask will help moisturize and soothe the skin, as well as reduce inflammation and irritation.
• Hair care product: mix 1 tablespoon of chopped Siberian fir needles with 1 cup of boiling water and leave for 30 minutes. Then strain the infusion and use it to rinse your hair after washing. This remedy will help strengthen the hair and reduce hair loss.
• Body cream: add a few drops of Siberian fir essential oil to your favorite body cream. This cream will help moisturize and soothe the skin, as well as reduce inflammation and irritation.
• Aromatic spray: Mix 10 drops of Siberian fir essential oil with 1 cup of water in a spray bottle. Use this spray to refresh your face and body, and to create a pleasant fragrance indoors.
• Massage Oil: add a few drops of Siberian fir essential oil to the massage oil. This oil will help hydrate and soothe the skin, as well as reduce inflammation and irritation.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Siberian fir, Abies sibirica. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Siberian fir (Abies sibirica) is a beautiful conifer often used in landscaping and as a source of wood for furniture and other household items.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing Siberian fir:

Cultivation:

• Siberian fir prefers sunny places with well-drained soils.
• To ensure sufficient growth and development, Siberian fir needs regular watering and feeding.
• Siberian fir is propagated by seeds or cuttings.

Workpiece:

• Siberian fir wood is used in the production of furniture, building materials and other household items.
• It is recommended to harvest Siberian fir wood after the full maturity of the tree.
• Care should be taken when processing Siberian fir wood, as it can cause allergic reactions in some people.

Storage:

• Storing Siberian fir wood requires certain conditions, including low humidity and good ventilation.
• Storing Siberian fir wood in a dry place at room temperature can prolong its life.

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