How did the Ancient Greek state arise and what were the periods of its formation? Detailed answer

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How did the Ancient Greek state arise and what were the periods of its formation? Detailed answer

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How did the Ancient Greek state arise and what were the periods of its formation?

The history of Ancient Greece can be divided into 5 periods:

1) the Aegean, or Cretan-Mycenaean (III-II millennium BC), the period of decomposition of the tribal system, the emergence and development in certain areas of early class slave states, which ceased to exist as a result of the Dorian migration;

2) Greece X-IX centuries. BC e. - period of temporary revival primitive communal relations after the Dorian conquest and the subsequent pan-Greek development of class relations based on the ancient form of property;

3) archaic period (VIII-VI centuries BC) - continuation of the previous period, the time of formation of the ancient slave society, the emergence of policies;

4) classical period (V-IV centuries BC) - the highest development of slave relations in ancient policies.

5) the Hellenistic period (second half of the XNUMXth - mid-XNUMXst century BC) represented the further development of slave society in the vast areas of the Middle East after the Greco-Macedonian conquest of the Persian power. This period ended with the conquest of the western part (up to the Euphrates) by Parthia.

According to ancient Greek traditions, preserved in the Homeric poems and among Greek historians, the most significant tribes among the most ancient population in these areas were the Pelasgians. Herodotus considered them to be relatives of the Greeks. Cretans can be named among the most ancient island tribes.

In the XNUMXst millennium BC. e. the ancient Greek tribes finally formed and settled as follows: in the north of Greece and Central Greece - the Aeolians; The eastern part of central Greece, Attica, and the islands of the central Aegean Sea were inhabited by the Ionians. The Achaeans held out in the north and center of the Peloponnese. The rest of the Peloponnese was inhabited by the Dorians.

The Greeks did not have a common language for a long time and spoke numerous dialects that were equally understandable to the vast majority.

Balkan Greece, after the Dorian migration, socially degraded towards the widespread distribution of tribal relations. The Achaean states disappeared. The slang writing was forgotten. Surviving the defeat of Attica returned to tribal relations.

Author: Irina Tkachenko

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