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Grapefruit. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Content

1. Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
2. Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
3. Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
4. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
5. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Grapefruit, Citrus paradisi. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Citrus (Citrus)

Family: Rutaceae (Rutaceae)

Origin: South Asia

Area: It grows in tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world, including South and Central America, Africa, Australia and Asia.

Chemical composition: Grapefruit contains vitamins C, A, B6, dietary fiber, calcium, potassium, folic acid, niacin and thiamine. It also contains phenolic compounds such as naringin, bergamotin and dichodroxycolic acid.

Economic value: Grapefruit is used in the food industry for the production of juices and marmalades. Its essential oils are used in perfumery and aromatherapy. Grapefruit is also considered a healthy food product, as it contains many vitamins and minerals, and can also help lower blood cholesterol levels.

Legends, myths, symbolism: In Chinese culture, grapefruit is associated with wealth and prosperity. In Chinese, the word "grapefruit" sounds like "wealth comes", so grapefruit is often used as a symbol of wealth and prosperity. In Chinese medicine, grapefruit is used to treat various ailments such as coughs, colds, and headaches. In Christian symbolism, grapefruit is associated with purity and newness. In some Christian countries, grapefruit is used as a symbol of chastity and new life. In some ceremonies, grapefruit is also used for purification and consecration. In Mexican culture, grapefruit is associated with resistance and endurance. In Mexican folklore, the grapefruit is depicted as a fruit that can withstand heat and survive in difficult conditions, which is why it is often used as a symbol of endurance and resistance.

Grapefruit, Citrus paradisi. Description, illustrations of the plant

Grapefruit, Citrus paradisi Macf. Botanical description, history of origin, nutritional value, cultivation, use in cooking, medicine, industry

Evergreen fruit tree up to 12 m high, with a well leafy crown; branches with small spines. The leaves are alternate, large, oval, leathery, shiny. The flowers are fragrant, white, solitary or collected in a brush. The fruits are large, rounded. The pulp is juicy, fragrant, with a strongly pronounced bitter taste, yellow or greenish-yellow. Blooms in early April.

Grapefruit in the wild is unknown. It is believed that it appeared for the first time in India and is a hybrid of sheddock and orange. In the Mediterranean countries, it was introduced into culture in the XNUMXth century, and in the XNUMXth century it began to be widely cultivated. Most of all is now cultivated in the countries of South America, in Italy, Spain, Morocco and Greece.

Grapefruit belongs to the genus Citrus. The plant is both cold-resistant and heat-loving, like a lemon: it tolerates heat well, is not afraid of direct sunlight, withstands frosts down to -20 ° C, and is resistant to dry winds. The tree begins to bear fruit in the fourth or fifth year, lives up to 100 years. Fruits differ in keeping quality and good transportability. Under a thick peel, their taste qualities are preserved throughout the year.

Grapefruit is a valuable dietary product. The fruits contain a lot of juice - up to 98% of the mass of the pulp, a large amount of vitamins C and P. They contain citric acid, pectin, coloring and mineral substances, vitamins B1, D, PP, essential oil and sugars. Grapefruit often surpasses orange in sugar content. Glycosides naringin and limonin, which accumulate most of all in the peel and internal films, give bitterness to the fruits. On the outer side of the peel are glands filled with essential oil. Flowers and leaves contain essential oil and glycosides.

Grapefruit fruits have the ability to stimulate appetite, restore strength after a debilitating illness, with physical and mental overwork, improve digestion, lower blood pressure, and partially eliminate functional disorders of the liver. Glycosides contained in grapefruits have an anti-sclerotic effect.

Grapefruit is a wonderful delicacy used both fresh and canned. Candied fruits are made from the peel, pectin and essential oil are also obtained from it, which is used in cooking, confectionery and alcoholic beverage industries, as well as in the perfume industry.

Authors: Kretsu L.G., Domashenko L.G., Sokolov M.D.

Grapefruit, Citrus paradisi Macf. Botanical description, distribution, chemical composition, features of use.

The rue family is Rutaceae.

A low-growing tree 200-500 cm high. Compressed leaves and a peculiar type of fruit are characteristic. The pistil is multi-fruited.

The fruit is a multi-celled berry. In the fleshy outer pericarp there is a large number of glands with essential oil.

The inner pericarp is white, spongy. The pulp consists of juicy spindle-shaped processes growing from the walls of the carpels. Seeds usually contain several embryos.

It is found in South and North America, North Africa, Southern Europe and the Mediterranean Sea.

The composition of fruits includes sugars (up to 7%), citric acid and other organic acids (about 3%), mineral salts, pectin substances, noringin glycoside, vitamins - ascorbic acid, rutin, ergosterol, carotene. The peel contains 1-2% essential oil.

Grapefruit fruits are a good vitamin dietary product. Fruits and juice are consumed fresh, they are used to make jams, liqueurs; Candied fruits are made from the peel of the fruit and pectin and essential oil are obtained. Grapefruit stimulates appetite, improves digestion, eliminates functional disorders of the liver, has a tonic and hypotensive effect.

As a spice, grapefruit is used in the preparation of fruit salads, various confectionery products, sauces, fish, poultry, and rice dishes.

Authors: Dudchenko L.G., Kozyakov A.S., Krivenko V.V.

Grapefruit, Citrus paradisi. Methods of application, origin of the plant, range, botanical description, cultivation

Grapefruit fruits are consumed fresh, they are used to make juice or preserve segments.

Originated several hundred years ago. Grapefruit was first described on about. Barbados in 1750, then Jamaica in 1814. Unknown in the wild.

Introduced to Florida (USA) at the beginning of the XNUMXth century. The origin of the grapefruit is not known. Some researchers believe that this is a hybrid of pompelmus and sweet orange, which arose spontaneously already in the New World, the West Indies; according to others, it originated from the seeds of Citrus grandis previously crossed with Citrus sinensis. However, no one has been able to reproduce it artificially.

But its industrial culture began only after 1880 in the USA. In the XX century. he took a leading position in the world fruit market, which led to a rapid increase in production. Currently, grapefruit is cultivated in many countries of the subtropical and tropical zones. Cultivated in the Caribbean, USA (Florida, California, Texas, Arizona), Brazil, Israel, South Africa and other subtropical regions, but grows in all tropical countries.

The conditions of a humid tropical climate are unfavorable for grapefruit, as the quality of fruits and the productivity of trees are declining, so commercial plantations are mainly concentrated in the subtropical zone (USA, Mediterranean countries, Argentina, Australia, etc.).

In the tropics, the best produce comes from regions with a relatively dry climate during fruit ripening (Island of Huventud in Cuba, Jamaica, and others). In the equatorial zone, grapefruit is cultivated at an altitude of 900-1300 m, although the quality of the fruit is somewhat worse here (acidity is higher, less juiciness, thicker peel).

Grapefruits are cultivated on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, in the regions of Western Georgia.

Grapefruit is a vigorous tree with an extensive crown.

The fruits are large, rounded, the color is most often yellow tones. The peel is much thinner than that of the sheddock. The pulp is yellowish, sometimes pink, juicy, contains 7,3% sugars, 2,4% citric acid, 33,6-44,2 mg / 100 g of vitamin C.

The taste is sweet and sour with characteristic bitterness. It is explained by the presence of naringin, a biologically active substance that strengthens the walls of blood vessels, improves digestion, increases appetite and the general tone of the human body. However, naringin surpasses even quinine in bitterness and is found in aqueous solutions already at a concentration of 1:50.

Naringin is the predominant glycoside of grapefruit and sheddock. Found also in trifoliata and a number of varieties of sour orange. Grapefruit seeds are often multi-seed.

Grapefruit flowers, like oranges, once a year, after the dry season. In a relatively uniform tropical climate, it also blooms in other months, but this bloom is usually insignificant. This phenomenon is often observed in Puerto Rico, Cuba, India.

A characteristic feature of grapefruit fruiting is the "bunches" of fruits, from where it got its name (from the English "grape" - a bunch of grapes). Of all the flowers in the inflorescence, only one produces a ripe fruit. But since inflorescences or single flowers are placed close to each other on a branch, when ripe, it seems that they were formed on one inflorescence.

The duration of fruit ripening ranges from 9 to 12 months. The last term was noted in the gardens of Cuba and the USA (Southern California), where for several months ripening fruits and young ovaries hang on the tree at the same time. Unlike oranges, grapefruit fruits easily lose their green color even in warm climates.

Marsh is the most widely cultivated variety, containing 0 to 8 seeds per fruit. The popular variety Thompson (Pink Marsh) with pink pulp has 3-5 seeds per fruit, originated as a bud mutation in Florida (USA), Ribi and Webb are varieties with pink pulp, which are bud mutants from the Thompson variety. Grapefruit hybrids include tangelo (tangerine x grapefruit).

The fruits are kept in bed for several months; the optimum storage temperature is 7-10 °C at a relative humidity of 85-90%.

Authors: Baranov V.D., Ustimenko G.V.

Grapefruit. reference Information

A tree up to 12 m high of the rue family. The fruits are large, rounded, with a yellow skin and a peculiar smell. The flesh of the fruit is light yellow or greenish-yellow, with a pleasant specific odor and a bitter-sweet taste.

Grapefruit is native to India. Introduced into culture at the end of the XNUMXth century. Successfully cultivated on the Black Sea coast (Georgia).

The composition of fruits includes sugars (up to 7%), organic acids (about 3%), mineral, pectin substances, vitamins A, C, D, P.

Grapefruit fruits are a good vitamin dietary product. Fruits and juice are consumed fresh, they are used to prepare jams, canned food, liquors; Candied fruits are made from the peel of the fruit and pectin and essential oil are obtained.

grapefruit stimulates appetite, improves digestion, lowers blood pressure, helps to eliminate functional disorders of the liver, increases the overall tone of the body, and reduces the feeling of fatigue.

Authors: Dudnichenko L.G., Krivenko V.V.

Grapefruit, Citrus paradisi. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

Ethnoscience:

• Treatment for runny nose and cough: grapefruit contains a variety of vitamins and antioxidants that can help boost the immune system. To prepare an infusion of grapefruit, you should take a few slices of fresh grapefruit, pour 500 ml of boiling water and leave for 20-30 minutes. Then strain and drink 100 ml several times a day.
• Headache and migraine treatment: grapefruit contains menthol, which can help relieve headaches and migraines. To prepare an infusion of grapefruit, you should take a few slices of fresh grapefruit, pour 500 ml of boiling water and leave for 20-30 minutes. Then strain and drink 100 ml several times a day.
• Constipation treatment: grapefruit contains soluble pectins, which can help improve digestion and prevent constipation. To prepare an infusion of grapefruit, you should take a few slices of fresh grapefruit, pour 500 ml of boiling water and leave for 20-30 minutes. Then strain and drink 100 ml several times a day.
• Treatment of urinary tract infections: grapefruit contains vitamin C, which can help boost the immune system and fight urinary tract infections. To prepare an infusion of grapefruit, you should take a few slices of fresh grapefruit, pour 500 ml of boiling water and leave for 20-30 minutes. Then strain and drink 100 ml several times a day.

Cosmetology:

• Face tonic: grapefruit contains vitamin C, which helps to strengthen collagen and protect the skin from oxidative stress. You can make a grapefruit facial toner by mixing equal parts water and freshly squeezed grapefruit juice. Tonic can be used after cleansing the skin of the face.
• Body Scrub: Grapefruit contains acids that help remove dead skin cells and improve skin texture. You can make a grapefruit body scrub by mixing equal parts fine salt and freshly squeezed grapefruit juice. Scrub is applied to the damp skin of the body and massaged in a circular motion, then washed off with warm water.
• Mask for the face: grapefruit contains antioxidants that help protect the skin from oxidative stress and prevent premature skin aging. You can prepare a grapefruit face mask by mixing freshly squeezed grapefruit juice and olive oil in equal proportions. The mask is applied to the face and aged for 10-15 minutes, then washed off with warm water.
• Hand cream: grapefruit contains vitamin C, which helps to firm the skin and protect it from oxidative stress. You can make grapefruit hand cream by mixing avocado oil and freshly squeezed grapefruit juice in equal proportions. The cream is applied to the hands and massaged until completely absorbed.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Grapefruit, Citrus paradisi. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Grapefruit is a large citrus fruit with a sweet and sour taste and bright pink or yellow skin.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing grapefruit:

Cultivation:

• Grapefruit is grown from seeds, which should be planted in moist sand to a depth of about 2 cm.
• Seedlings should be grown in boxes or pots, providing them with bright light and moderate watering.
• After the appearance of 2-3 true leaves, seedlings can be transplanted into open ground.
• Grapefruit needs a warm and humid climate, as well as well-drained soil.
• The plant needs regular feeding, especially during flowering and fruiting.

Workpiece:

• Grapefruit can be eaten fresh or used to make juice, desserts and meals.
• To get more juice, the grapefruit needs to be warmed up a bit before using.
• Grapefruit peel can be used to flavor teas, drinks, and foods.

Storage:

• Grapefruit can be stored at room temperature for up to several weeks.
• For longer storage, grapefruit should be refrigerated at 5 to 10°C.
• Ready grapefruit juice can be stored in the refrigerator in a closed container for up to several days.

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