Production of measuring probes. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Measuring technology
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In amateur radio practice, you often have to use an avometer (multimeter). Over time, the probes of the device wear out and become unusable. You can, of course, buy new ones at the nearest radio parts store. But purchased, despite the attractive appearance and price, often have a number of disadvantages.
Firstly, such probes have thick, short and blunt tips, which is why when working in close installation they are inconvenient and even dangerous due to accidental short circuits with neighboring parts; in addition, they easily slide off the mounting pads of the board, and if the board turns out to be covered with insulating varnish, difficulties are likely to increase.
Secondly, they have a too small cross-section of the connecting wires, which in some cases can lead to noticeable errors in the measurement results. Thirdly, the length of the wires is insufficient. All this brings inconvenience to the measurement process.
Therefore, it makes sense to repair old probes, and even better - to make new ones that would meet all the requirements of a demanding user. The probes must have the necessary mechanical strength, be easy to use, electrically safe, and have a high intrinsic electrical conductivity. Tips (replaceable or permanent) should be made of hard metal and sharpened.
Very good quality styli are easy to make from Kimek plastic collets. The collet securely fixes the tip and allows you to complete the probe with a set of several easily replaceable tips (from the "point" to the "crocodile" clip). The body color in a pair of probes should be contrastingly different - black and white (or yellow), blue and red. If there are pencils in cases of the same color, they can be marked by sticking circular strips of adhesive tape in the corresponding color.
The wires should be used with the color of the probes corresponding to the color of the insulation. If this is not possible, both wires can be of the same color. The plastic case of a ballpoint pen that has served its time is also a good basis for a probe. A steel knitting needle must be fixed in the case. This can be done in various ways: melt it into plastic inserts glued into the case or fill it with epoxy resin (or other self-hardening mass), but the best way, in my opinion, is to use a glue gun rod. The body of the future probe is filled with finely crushed rod material and a spoke heated in the flame of a gas burner is fused. There is no need to warm up the case.
Before fusing the spokes, a connecting wire is soldered to it. By fusing the needle, its passage and exit along the axis of the body end are controlled. The optimal length of the protruding part of the tip is 30 mm on both probes of the pair. After the glue has hardened, the tip is cleaned and the end is sharpened.
The length of the connecting wire is chosen within 90 ... 95 cm, the cross section for copper is 0,5 ... 0,8 mm2. The insulation must be flexible and not damaged. At the free end of each wire, the pin part of the connector is mounted for connection to the device.
In conclusion, it can be noted that the measured value of the electrical resistance of the factory-made probes is 1,5 ohms, and home-made is 0,3 ohms.
Author: A. Goryachkin
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