|
Arabic
Bengali
Chinese
English
French
German
Hebrew
Hindi
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Malay
Polish
Portuguese
Spanish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese|
CULTURAL AND WILD PLANTS
Crowberry black (chokeberry crowberry, crowberry). Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application
Directory / Cultivated and wild plants Content
Crowberry black (black crowberry, crowberry), Empetrum nigrum. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism Sort by: Crowberry (Empetrum) Family: Heathers (Ericaceae) Origin: Northern Hemisphere, Europe, North America, Asia. Area: It grows in northern latitudes, in the tundra, forest and tundra zone, on stony and sandy soils. Chemical composition: The fruits are high in vitamin C, as well as phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, and carotenoids. The leaves and shoots also contain significant amounts of flavonoids and other beneficial compounds. Economic value: Crowberry fruits are often used to make jams, preserves, juice and tinctures. Leaves and shoots can be used to make tea and other drinks. The plant also has medicinal properties and is used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. In some countries, such as Canada, Crowberry is used as an ornamental plant. Legends, myths, symbolism: In ancient Greek mythology, crowfish (Nymphs) are nature spirits that live in forests, rivers, mountains and lakes. Black crowberry, like other types of water lilies, is considered a symbol of purity, nobility, innocence and beauty.
Crowberry black (black crowberry, crowberry), Empetrum nigrum. Description, illustrations of the plant Black crowberry (black crowberry), Empetrum nigrum. Botanical description of the plant, area, methods of application, cultivation
The genus name comes from the Greek words en "on" and petros "stone" - and is associated with the habitat of the plant. The Russian name for crowberry is given to the plant, most likely due to the small amount of pulp and the large amount of unleavened juice. The names in other languages - in English - Crowberry, in German - Krahenbeeren, in Finnish - Variksenmarja, in French - Camarine - can be literally translated as crowberry. Another Finnish name for the plant is sianmustikka (literally translated as "pork blueberries"). Crowberry is a creeping evergreen shrub, whose height rarely exceeds 20 cm, and the length of the shoots can reach 100 cm. It grows in patches - clumps, each of which is a single individual. Extensive thickets of crowberry - crowberry, or crowberry tundra - are characteristic of the islands of the Murmansk coast of the Barents Sea and the treeless islands of the White Sea (lud). The stem is dark brown in color, densely covered with leaves, covered with brownish hairs at a young age; branches strongly, while the branches form adventitious roots. The curtain gradually occupies more and more space, while in its center the branches gradually die off. The branches are glandular or glabrous, green, brown or reddish in color. Branches up to 1 m long are mostly hidden in a moss pillow, covered with dotted glands of white or amber color. The leaves are simple, alternate, leathery, small, with very short petioles, narrowly elliptical, 3-10 mm long. The edges of the leaf are bent down and almost closed, because of this, the leaves look like needles, and the plant itself looks like a dwarf Christmas tree. Each leaf stays on the branch for up to five years. Plants are monoecious or dioecious. Flowers unisexual or bisexual, axillary, inconspicuous; with double actinomorphic perianth, with three pink, red or purple petals and three sepals; single or in a group of two or three pieces. Stamen flowers have three stamens. The stigma is radiant, the ovary is superior, it has from 6 to 12 sockets. Pollination - with the help of insects: crowberry flowers are visited by butterflies, flies and bees. Like some other representatives of the heather family, crowberry cannot do without symbiosis with mushrooms: from them it receives some minerals, in return supplying them with photosynthesis products. The fruit is a black (with a bluish bloom) or red opaque drupe berry up to 5 mm in diameter with hard skin and hard light brown seeds, outwardly similar to a blueberry. One berry contains from 6 to 9 hard seeds. The taste of the berries is sour, they contain a lot of juice, which can replace water. Ripens in August. The juice is purple. The berries remain on the shoots until spring. Crowberry is distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere - from the temperate zone to the subarctic zone (Russia, continental Western Europe from Finland to Spain, Great Britain, Iceland, Greenland, USA, Canada, Japan, Korea, northern China, Mongolia). Crowberry is also found in the Southern Hemisphere - in the Chilean Andes, on Tierra del Fuego, on the Falkland (Malvinas) Islands, as well as on the islands of Tristan da Cunha.
Homeland crowberry - Northern Hemisphere. Its current bipolar distribution is due to the southward penetration of the plant during the Ice Age. Typical habitats for crowberry are sphagnum swamps, moss-lichen and rocky tundras, coniferous (usually pine) forests, where the plant often forms a continuous cover. Crowberry is also found on open sands (spits, dunes), on granite outcrops; in the mountains grows in the subalpine and alpine zone. Crowberry contains triterpene saponins, flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, rutin), tannins (up to 4,5%), essential oils, resins, coumarins, benzoic and acetic acids, anthocyanins, vitamin C, carotene, various trace elements, including manganese , sugar. The leaves of the plant contain large amounts of vitamin C, phenol carboxylic acids (including coffee), alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids and anthocyanins, tannins. The soft part of the berries is edible, they quench their thirst well, but the low content of sugars and acids makes them taste rather bland. Berries are also eaten with milk and fermented milk products. They make jam, marmalade, marmalade, stuffing for pies; make wine. Used as a seasoning for fish and meat. In the "Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language" by V. I. Dahl, Kirilka is mentioned - a Siberian dish of crowberry with fish and blubber (seal fat). For the future, crowberry is prepared in ice cream or soaked form. Since the berries contain benzoic acid, they do not undergo fermentation processes and can be stored without additional processing in hermetically sealed glass containers. The composition of shiksha revealed biologically active substances and vitamins that have a positive effect on the human body. As a medicinal raw material, shiksha is used only in folk medicine. Decoctions and infusions prepared on its basis are recommended by healers to relieve headaches and fatigue. This effective remedy helps to overcome overwork and insomnia. Shiksha is also prescribed for edema, dropsy, problems with urination, paralysis, convulsions, gastritis, metabolic disorders of the body, diarrhea, colitis. The plant is known for its vitamin composition, which makes it recommended for the treatment of scurvy. Shiksha has a sedative effect, its decoctions are an effective remedy used in complex therapy in the treatment of nervous disorders and nervous exhaustion. The plant helps with epilepsy, chronic fatigue syndrome. Shiksha is known to be used in Tibetan medicine to treat diseases of the liver and kidneys (internal use); acne, ulcers, wounds, rashes (external use). Also, the plant is recommended as an effective remedy for restoring the nervous system, treating neuropsychiatric diseases, sleep disorders, epilepsy, schizophrenia. In addition, a decoction made from shiksha leaves is an excellent remedy for strengthening hair. Shiksha berries are an effective remedy for the treatment of scurvy, dysentery, and epilepsy. Their use allows you to quickly cope with fatigue and thirst. Treatment of shiksha is carried out only as prescribed by a doctor. Its use is contraindicated during pregnancy, as well as during lactation. Crowberry is included in the traditional diet of some indigenous peoples - for example, the Sami and the Inuit. Some American Indian tribes prepared berries for the winter and ate them with fat or oil; in addition, they prepared decoctions or infusions from leaves and shoots, which were used to treat diarrhea and other stomach diseases, kidney diseases were treated with juice from berries (berries have a diuretic effect), and eye diseases were treated with a decoction from the roots. Shiksha berries are eaten with pleasure by animals, receiving important nutrients and vitamins from them. Because crowberry berries contain a high concentration of the anthocyanin pigment, they have been used as a natural dye. In particular, cherry dye was made from crowberry for dyeing wool. Crowberry is used in landscape design to decorate alpine slides and compositions with stones, as well as an effective ground cover plant (since creeping shoots form a dense shadow, almost all weeds are suppressed by it), but it can rarely be found in culture.
Crowberry black. reference Information
Evergreen creeping shrub 20-100 cm high with ascending branches of the crowberry family. The fruits are globular black berries with a bluish bloom, ripening in August. The chemical composition of the plant is not well understood. It is known that the plant contains vitamin C, tannins, andromedotoxin. The fruits are eaten fresh, harvested; for future use in ice cream or soaked form. They make jam, make marmalade, drinks. In the North, they prepare a dish called "tolkusha" - a mixture of crowberry fruits, chopped fish and seal fat. In folk medicine, the fruits were used as a diuretic and antiscorbutic, the aerial part - for paralysis, migraine, as a sedative and tonic. Authors: Dudnichenko L.G., Krivenko V.V.
Crowberry black (black crowberry, crowberry), Empetrum nigrum. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
Ethnoscience:
Cosmetology:
Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!
Crowberry black (black crowberry, crowberry), Empetrum nigrum. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing
Black crowberry (Empetrum nigrum) is a shrub from the heather family. Its cultivation as an ornamental plant is not very common, but its berries are used in the food and medicinal industries. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing black crowberry: Cultivation:
Workpiece:
Storage:
▪ Elderberry (red elderberry, elderberry racemosus, elderberry racemose) ▪ Butterbur hybrid (podbel hybrid) ▪ Play the game "Guess the plant from the picture"
Machine for thinning flowers in gardens
02.05.2024 Advanced Infrared Microscope
02.05.2024 Air trap for insects
01.05.2024
▪ Lenovo Glasses T1 for privacy ▪ Hexgears Hyeku F2 Mechanical Keyboard ▪ Wanderlust impoverishes life ▪ Antimatter falls down like normal matter
▪ section of the Electrician website. Article selection ▪ article Individual protection against modern means of destruction. Basics of safe life ▪ article What is a bill? Detailed answer ▪ article grain processing operator. Job description ▪ article Knots of amateur radio equipment. Miscellaneous. Directory
Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews
www.diagram.com.ua |
We recommend interesting articles Section 
See other articles Section 
Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:
All languages of this page