Water accident. Medical care for a child

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
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Water accident. Medical care for a child

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

If a child falls into the water and is drowning, immediate measures must be taken to save him. Your actions must be clear and consistent.

Rescue of a drowning child

1. Throw the child an object that he can grab onto, preferably on a rope: then you can pull the child to the shore. Try to throw the object further than where the child is drowning to pull him up.

2. If you cannot help the child while staying on the shore, enter the water and hand him an object. Pull the child to the shore using the object.

3. If you need to swim to a child, remember the place on the water where you last saw him. Take with you into the water an object (clothes, a towel, a stick) that the child could grab onto. Don't let your child grab you, otherwise he will pull you under the water.

4. If you raise the child’s head above the water, and he is not breathing, then start mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration right in the water.

5. After removing the child from the water, check his pulse and, if necessary, begin resuscitation.

6. After removing the child from the water, place him on his back. If he is vomiting, turn his head to the side and remove the vomit from his mouth.

7. If the child is breathing, move him to a warm place, remove wet clothes, wrap him in blankets and call a doctor.

First aid for a child pulled out of the water

1. Pull the drowning child out of the water and call emergency help, or better yet, ask someone else to do it.

2. Check whether the child is breathing and whether his heart is beating. If the baby is not breathing and you do not hear any heartbeats, begin CPR.

3. If the child is not breathing and the heart is beating, start artificial respiration.

4. Once breathing has returned, remove any wet clothing (if any) from your child and cover him with a blanket or clothing to keep him warm. When the child comes to, he may have a cough and trouble breathing.

5. Be sure to wait for the doctor or take the child to the nearest medical facility. The doctor should check his breathing functions and the condition of his lungs.

Rescue of a child drowning under the ice

1. Tell your child to spread his arms across the ice and use his legs to stay on the surface.

2. Kneel down or lie on your stomach at the very edge of the ice and extend your hand, stick or clothing to your child.

3. If you cannot reach the child with your hand, lie on the ice on your stomach and slowly crawl towards the child until he grabs the object held out to him.

4. After removing the child from the water, place him on the ice on his stomach or back, without allowing him to stand up and walk on the ice.

5. If you cannot pull the child out of the water with the help of an outstretched object, then with the help of other people, organize a human chain: one after another, crawl out, spread out on the ice, and grab the rescuer lying in front by the ankles.

6. Do not let a drowning child grab you so that he does not pull you under the water.

7. After pulling the child out of the water, check his breathing and pulse.

First aid for a child who has fallen through the ice

1. If the child is conscious and has not choked on water, take measures to warm him up.

Take it indoors.

Remove wet clothing.

Wrap in blankets, coats, sweaters - whatever you have that is dry and warm.

Give your child hot tea or water.

Call a doctor, as hypothermia can lead to illness.

2. If a child loses consciousness, immediately call emergency help and provide resuscitation yourself.

ATTENTION!

If the heart and breathing stop, take resuscitation measures, even if the child has been under water for a very long time. Perform resuscitation until a doctor arrives or until the child breathes on his own.

Rescuing a child in a fire

1. If the child is on fire, pour water on him. You can extinguish an open flame with snow. Then wrap in a thick natural fabric such as a wool or cotton coat, rug or blanket.

2. If there is no water and snow, throw a blanket or coat over the child - the fire will go out. But remember not to cover your child’s head!

3. If you cannot put out the fire or there is nothing to cover the child, simply roll the victim on the ground.

4. Having extinguished the flame, proceed to provide first aid.

First aid

1. Quickly remove all clothing that has been exposed to fire and is easily removed.

2. Run cool water from a shower, faucet, or hose over the affected area until the pain subsides, for at least 10 minutes. You will prevent heating (and, as a result, damage) to deep-lying tissues.

3. Apply a damp cloth to the burned parts of the body that cannot be immersed in water for a long time (for example, the face), then gently dry.

4. Cover the burned area with a clean, dry, lint-free bandage.

5. If a child's hands or feet are burned, separate the fingers with cloth or gauze, then apply a loose, clean bandage.

6. If the burn is small, monitor the condition of the affected area. If there are signs of infection (inflammation, swelling, swelling), call your doctor or take your child to an emergency room.

7. If the burn is extensive and the child is not vomiting, give him more water to replace fluid loss.

For first degree burns

1. Treat the wound with a special anti-burn agent panthenol (depanthenol), anti-burn liquid, indifferent ointment, or simply rinse it with cold water.

2. Then apply a gauze bandage to the damaged area. If a blister forms, treat it with petroleum jelly, but do not puncture it. It will go away on its own in a few days.

3. Do not leave the affected area without a bandage and do not lubricate the burn with iodine or alcohol solutions. The wound can be washed with furatsilin solution.

For second and third degree burns

1. Reassure and encourage your child.

2. Remove or cut clothing to avoid removing adhered tissue from the wound.

3. Make sure the child's airway is clear, check his breathing and circulation. If necessary, perform artificial respiration, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or stop the bleeding.

4. If the child has a major burn, check to see if he is in shock. In this case, provide anti-shock assistance:

lay it down and raise your legs to a height of 30-40 cm;
If you suspect an injury to the head, neck, back or legs, simply make your child more comfortable.

SYMPTOMS OF SHOCK

The child's head is spinning.

He loses consciousness.

His skin becomes pale, cold and damp.

Breathing is shallow and rapid.

The pulse is weak and frequent.

5. To relieve pain, place a clean towel soaked in cold water and wrung out on the damaged area without any treatment.

6. Then use a light touch to dry the burned area with a clean (sterile if possible) cloth and cover it with sterile gauze without attaching it to the skin. This will help prevent infection.

7. If the burn is extensive, wrap the child in a clean sheet, give him an anesthetic and immediately call an ambulance.

Recipes of traditional medicine

For minor burns, apple ointments help well. Grated apples are mixed with carrot juice and boiled in a steam bath for 20 minutes. Then the resulting mixture is cooled, butter is added and applied to the affected areas.

Author: Basharova N.A.

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