Providing first aid for fractures

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
Free library / Directory / Fundamentals of First Aid

Providing first aid for fractures

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

RџSЂRё fractures the victim must be provided with rest and immobility (immobilization) of the broken bone. Immobilization is achieved by applying standard or improvised splints. As improvised means, you can use sticks, canes, skis, umbrellas, boards, plywood, bunches of branches, etc. Tires are applied to the outer and inner surfaces of the broken limb. They must necessarily ensure the immobility of the two joints adjacent to the fracture site (Figure 6). When applying splints to a bare surface, they must be covered with cotton wool or any soft material at hand, and then secured with a bandage, towel, scarves, belts, etc.

In case of open fractures, bleeding is first stopped with a tourniquet, and then a bandage is applied to the wound. After that, an anesthetic is administered to the victim and immobilization of the limb is provided. If during the initial examination it is difficult to distinguish bruises and dislocations from bone fractures, then assistance should be provided, as with fractures.

$Providing first aid for fractures$

Fig. 6 - Methods of immobilization for fractures: a - ribs; b - shoulder; in - bones of the forearm; d - lower limbs

In case of a fracture of the bones of the forearm, the arm in the elbow joint is bent at a right angle with the palm to the body. The tire is taken so long that one end covers the fingers of the hand, and the second goes beyond the elbow joint. In this position, the tire is fixed with a bandage, and the hand is hung on a scarf or belt.

In case of a fracture of the humerus, the forearm is bent at a right angle in the elbow joint, and two splints are placed on the broken bone of the shoulder: one from the outside of the shoulder, and the other from the armpit to the elbow joint. Then both tires are bandaged to the shoulder and the bent forearm is hung on a belt or scarf (Figure 6).

In the absence of a service tire or improvised means, the arm bent at the elbow is hung on a scarf, belt and bandaged to the body.

To apply a splint for a hip fracture, you must have at least two large splints. One of them is applied along the outer surface of the limb, while one of its ends should be under the armpit, and the other should protrude slightly beyond the foot. The second tire is applied along the inner surface of the leg so that one of its ends reaches the crotch area, and the other protrudes beyond the edge of the foot. In this position, the tires are bandaged to the body.

In the absence of service splints or improvised means, the injured leg should be bandaged to a healthy one.

In case of a fracture of the lower leg, first aid is provided in the same way as in case of a fracture of the femur.

In case of a fracture of the pelvis, the victim must be laid on his back and placed under the knees with a roller (rolled coat, jacket, pillow, to reduce tension in the muscles of the thighs and abdomen).

The wounded in the spine should be very carefully laid in a horizontal position on a hard padding (shield, board), while avoiding any concussions and bending of the spine.

In case of fractures of the ribs, a tight circular bandage should be applied to the chest.

When the clavicle is fractured, a cotton ball is placed in the armpit from the injured side and the shoulder is tightly bandaged to the body, and the forearm is suspended on a scarf, the hand is attached to the body with the second scarf.

In case of jaw fractures, you need to cover your mouth and fix the jaw with a bandage.

Authors: Afanasiev Yu.G., Ovcharenko A.G., Trutneva L.I.

We recommend interesting articles Section Fundamentals of First Aid:

▪ Allergy

▪ Fainting

▪ Determination of pulse and respiration, their assessment

See other articles Section Fundamentals of First Aid.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Jump weights 02.03.2003

In the memoirs of Baron Munchausen, a certain runner appears, usually running with a cannonball tied to his legs and slightly slowing down his too fast run. He unhooked this cargo only in case of extremely urgent parcels.

A similar sport - standing long jump with two weights - existed in Ancient Greece. The athlete held lead or stone weights in each hand and waved them while jumping. This is known from surviving texts and drawings - weights were used at the first Olympic Games. But historians remained at a loss: if the competition was for the length of the jump, why were weights needed, which, it seems, could only reduce the flight range?

Specialists from the University of Manchester (England), simulating such jumps on a computer and in real life - on students, showed that the weights actually increase the distance of the jump. Throwing forward while jumping hands with two "dumbbells" weighing three kilograms each, the athlete can, thanks to increased inertia, increase his initial speed by two percent. If, at the end of the jump, he swings the weights back, then the total gain in the length of the jump will be at least 17 centimeters. However, an increase in the total weight of the "dumbbells" over 10 kilograms worsens the results.

Archaeologists usually find such cargoes weighing from one to five kilograms.

Other interesting news:

▪ New carbon capture system

▪ The world's first quantum communications satellite

▪ New DC/DC converter from Texas Instruments

▪ Neurolink - mini brain implant

▪ Light-eating cyborg bacteria

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ site section Tone and volume controls. Article selection

▪ article Basic settings of the camcorder. video art

▪ article What is a promotion? Detailed answer

▪ article Malabar spinach. Legends, cultivation, methods of application

▪ article Installation of electrical wiring in pipes. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Switching laboratory power supply on the LM2575T-Adj chip, 15-18 / 1,2-15 volts 1 ampere. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews